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Effects of sorghum ethyl-acetate extract on PC3M prostate cancer cell tumorigenicity
Ryu, Jae-Myun,Jang, Gwi Yeong,Woo, Koan Sik,Kim, Tae Myoung,Jeong, Heon Sang,Kim, Dae Joong Elsevier 2017 Journal of Functional Foods Vol.37 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in males. The side effects of convention antineoplastic drugs and sustained risks of recurrence and metastasis necessitate the search for safer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drugs. The cereal grain sorghum contains various polyphenols with potent anti-cancer and antioxidant activities. To evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of Donganme sorghum ethyl-acetate extract (DSEE), we performed content analysis and evaluated its effects on PC3M prostate cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration in vitro, and on PC3M orthotopic tumor growth in vivo. DSEE decreased viable cell number in a dose-dependent manner, increased apoptosis rate by activating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, induced cell cycle arrest at G0 by reducing cyclin expression, suppressed cell migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9. Moreover, DSEE inhibited orthotopic tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Therefore, DSEE may have potential preventive and therapeutic efficacy against prostate cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DSEE induced PC3M prostate cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. </LI> <LI> DSEE reduced PC3M cell mobility and expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9. </LI> <LI> DSEE inhibited orthotopic prostate tumor growth and metastasis in mice. </LI> </UL> </P>
Ryu, Jaihyunk,Ha, Bo-Keun,Kim, Dong Sub,Kim, Jin-Baek,Kim, Sang Hoon,Ahn, Joon-Woo,Jeong, Il Yun,Jo, Han-Jik,Kim, Ee-Yup,Kang, Si-Yong Cambridge University Press 2014 Plant genetic resources Vol.12 No.1
<P>Blackberry is a fruiting berry species with very high nutrient contents. With the recent increasing consumer demand for blackberries, new sources of germplasm and breeding techniques are required to improve blackberry production. This study was carried out to evaluate the genetic diversity (GD) and relationship among 55 blackberry (<I>Rubus fruticosus</I>) mutants derived from γ-ray treatment (52 lines) and <I>N</I>-methyl-<I>N</I>′-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment (three lines) using an inter-simple sequence repeat marker. A total of 18 bands were amplified with an average of 3.6 bands per primer. Among them, eight bands were identified to be polymorphic with a rate of 44.4%. In addition, the GD information content values were highest in the 60 Gy treatment population and the GD values were higher in the γ-ray treatment populations than in the MNU treatment population. According to a cluster analysis, all the mutant lines can be classified into five categories, and the genetic distance was greatest between the 80 Gy-irradiated population and other populations. These results indicate that mutant lines have high GD and can be effectively utilized for improving blackberry breeding.</P>
Developmental and Morphological Characterization of the Wild Silkmoth, Actias gnoma, in Korea
Ryu, Chun-Woo,Kim, Mi-Ae,Park, Nam-Sook,Sohn, Hung-Dae,Park, Sang-Bong,Lee, Ho-Oung,Moon, Jae-Yu,Seong, Su-Il Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.5 No.1
The wild silkmoth, Actias gnoma was firstly collected at Suwon located in the middle part of Korea. The developmental and morphological characteristics of A. gnoma reared under the laboratory conditions were analysed. The egg shape was shorter elliptic. The major and minor diameter of the eggs were 2.04 mm and 1.83 mm, respectively. White mucous material was remained inside the eggs after hatching. Also, the body color of the larvae was completely changed from dark brown to light yellowish-green at the 3rd instar, but it did not occur until pupation. In the feeding test on several plants, the oak tree, Quercus acutissima, was newly identified as a host plant. The final larval instar was mostly 6th, but in some larvae it was 7th. A few of larvae ate their own casts just after ecdysis. The whole larval duration ranged from 45 to 59 days. The single cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell percentage were 1.65 g,31.3 cg and 18.9%, respectively, The cocoon shape and color were spindle and light brown, respectively. The morphology of the silk gland was greatly different from those of Bombyx mori, Antheraea yamamai and Antheraea peryi: the thickness of the middle and posterior silk glands was almost identical.
Stroke outcomes are worse with larger leukoaraiosis volumes
Ryu, Wi-Sun,Woo, Sung-Ho,Schellingerhout, Dawid,Jang, Min Uk,Park, Kyoung-Jong,Hong, Keun-Sik,Jeong, Sang-Wuk,Na, Jeong-Yong,Cho, Ki-Hyun,Kim, Joon-Tae,Kim, Beom Joon,Han, Moon-Ku,Lee, Jun,Cha, Jae-Kw Oxford University Press 2017 Brain Vol.140 No.1
<P>Leukoaraiosis or white matter hyperintensities are frequently observed on magnetic resonance imaging of stroke patients. We investigated how white matter hyperintensity volumes affect stroke outcomes, generally and by subtype. In total, 5035 acute ischaemic stroke patients were enrolled. Strokes were classified as large artery atherosclerosis, small vessel occlusion, or cardioembolism. White matter hyperintensity volumes were stratified into quintiles. Mean age (+/- standard deviation) was 66.3 +/- 12.8, 59.6% male. Median (interquartile range) modified Rankin Scale score was 2 (1-3) at discharge and 1 (0-3) at 3 months; 16.5% experienced early neurological deterioration, and 3.3% recurrent stroke. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with adjustment for age, stroke severity, sex, and thrombolysis status showed that the distributions of 3-month modified Rankin Scale scores differed across white matter hyperintensity quintiles (P < 0.001). Multiple ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that higher white matter hyperintensity quintiles were independently associated with worse 3-month modified Rankin Scale scores; adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the second to fifth quintiles versus the first quintile were 1.29 (1.10-1.52), 1.40 (1.18-1.66), 1.69 (1.42-2.02) and 2.03 (1.69-2.43), respectively. For large artery atherosclerosis (39.0%), outcomes varied by white matter hyperintensity volume (P = 0.01, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test), and the upper three white matter hyperintensity quintiles (versus the first quintile) had worse 3-month modified Rankin Scale scores; adjusted odds ratios were 1.45 (1.10-1.90), 1.86 (1.41-2.47), and 1.89 (1.41-2.54), respectively. Patients with large artery atherosclerosis were vulnerable to early neurological deterioration (19.4%), and the top two white matter hyperintensity quintiles were more vulnerable still: 23.5% and 22.3%. Moreover, higher white matter hyperintensities were associated with poor modified Rankin Scale improvement: adjusted odds ratios for the upper two quintiles versus the first quintile were 0.66 (0.47-0.94) and 0.62 (0.43-0.89), respectively. For small vessel occlusion (17.8%), outcomes tended to vary by white matter hyperintensitiy volume (P = 0.10, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test), and the highest quintile was associated with worse 3-month modified Rankin Scale scores: adjusted odds ratio for the fifth quintile versus first quintile, 1.98 (1.23-3.18). In this subtype, worse white matter hyperintensities were associated with worse National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores at presentation. For cardioembolism (20.6%), outcomes did not vary significantly by white matter hyperintensity volume (P = 0.19, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test); however, the adjusted odds ratio for the highest versus lowest quintiles was 1.62 (1.09-2.40). Regardless of stroke subtype, white matter hyperintensities were not associated with stroke recurrence within 3 months of follow-up. In conclusion, white matter hyperintensity volume independently correlates with stroke outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke. There are some suggestions that stroke outcomes may be affected by leukoaraiosis differentially depending on stroke subtypes, to be confirmed in future investigations.</P>