정신지체 중등학생의 기능적 수학교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초연구

원종례,박현숙 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 1998 교육과학연구 Vol.27 No.-

정신지체학교 중등부 수학교육은 정신지체 학생들이 장차 사회인으로서 자립적인 생활을 하는데 필요한 기초적인 수학기술과 기능을 획득하는데 중점을 두어야 하나 이제까지 이에 관한 연구는 미흡하였다. 본 연구는 이들에게 바람직한 기능적 수학교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료를 얻기 위해 정신지체 중등 학생을 장애 정도와 학교급별로 10명씩 모두 40명을 대상으로, 생활환경내에 있는 숫자의 인지정도를 조사하고, 숫자인지 영역(읽기, 이해, 활용) 및 생활영역과 장애정도 및 학교급에 따른 차이를 분석하여 이들의 숫자인지 정도와 변인에 따른 숫자인지 정도의 특성을 밝히는 데 그 목적이 있다. 조사연구 결과, 중등부 정신지체 학생들은 생활 환경내의 숫자 읽기에 비해 상황적으로 이해하여 활용하는데 어려움을 보이고, 숫자 이해와 활용 정도는 고등부와 중학부 학생간에 그 차이가 없었으나, 경도 학상에 비해 중등도 학생이 낮게 나타났다. 이는 중등부 정신지체 학생의 효율적인 수학 교육을 위해서는 단순히 숫자를 지각해 읽는 것을 지도하기 보다는 일상생활에서 실제적인 수학 기술을 사용할 수 있는 방향으로 현행 특수학교 수학 교육과정이 변화되어야 하며, 따라서 앞으로 학생들의 교육적 요구에 맞는 기능적 수학교육 프로그램이 개발되어야 함을 시사해 준다. The math education for secondary mentally retarded students needs to be emphasized on their learning of functional math knowledges and functions because the students need to live independently as members of society in the future. The purpose of this study was to find out the degree of functional written numeral cognition of students with mental retardation by analyzing the differences in the written numeral cognition domains (reading, comprehending, & practical using), the life domains, the degrees of disability, and the levels of school in order to obtain background data in developing functional math programs which meet the educational needs of the students in real situations. The subjects were 40 mentally retarded students (10 mild & 10 moderate from middle & high school respectively) sampled in two special schools located in Seoul. All of them could read numbers of two digits and answer to simple questions. Data were collected utilizing a questionnaire, which included 16 pictures and 48 question items. For the analysis of the collected data, the present study employed a multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures on two factors (the degree of functional written numeral cognition in numeral cognition domains and that in life domains) and t-test. The results of the present study are summarized as follows: First, the degree of reading written numerals was significantly higher than that of comprehending or using; however, there was no significant difference among life domains. A significant interaction effect was found between the written numerals cognition domains and life domains; namely, the degree of using written numerals was lower than the degree of comprehending in community living domain, while vice versa in leisure. Second, students with mild disability showed significantly higher performance than those with moderate disability in reading, comprehending, and using functional written numerals. A significant interaction effect was found among the degree of disability, cognition domain, and life domain in the degree of written numeral cognition. That is, in leisure domain, the degree of using written numerals was significantly higher than that of comprehending for mildly retarded students, while the reversed was true for moderately retarded ones. In domestic living domain, the degree of comprehending and using of written numerals was similar for students with mild retardation; but, the degree of using was lower than that of comprehending for those with moderate one. Third, the degree of reading written numerals of high school students was higher than that of middle school students; however, no significant difference was found in the degree of comprehending and using written numerals between the two groups. An interaction effect was not found among level of school, cognition domain, and life domain in the degree of written numerals cognition. In summary, secondary mentally retarded students have more difficulties in comprehending and using than in reading written numerals in real living situations. The degree of comprehending and using written numerals did not differ between middle and high school students; however, the degree of comprehending and using written numerals of moderately retarded students was lower than that of mildly retarded ones. In conclusion, the results suggest that current math education method be changed so that mentally retarded students in secondary special schools could learn and use practical math skills for their more independent living. This implies that it is urgent to develop functional math programs which meet the students' educational needs, in order to implement efficient math education for secondary mentally retarded students.

기독교교육 연구를 위한 질적 연구의 필요성과 활용

강용원,이현철 고신대학교 고신신학연구회 2010 고신신학 Vol.- No.12

The purpose of this research is to examine the necessity and application of qualitative research in the field of Christian Education, and to introduce to Korean scholars the CAQDAS(Computer-Aided Qualitative Data Analysis Sofeware), which is latest/most advanced methods to process the qualitative inquiry, which has spread from Austrailia to western academic field. In order to achieve the purpose of this article, this researcher seeks to introduce the current research trends in Christian Education and CAQDAS program, and to summarize the characteristics of several CAQDAS program, and to present examples of CAQDAS application, which would improve the understanding of Korean researchers about the qualitative research on CAQDAS. This research would help Christian Education academic fields in Korea, in which the theory and application of CAQDAS is still in early stage, in that it would provide the critical insight as to how to apply various levels of programs. First, it is necessary to increase researches on utilizing the qualitative research methodology in the Christian Education field. The central interests of Christian education are mostly qualitative values. However, these values demonstrate limitedness of the current methods of quantitative surveys and literature analysis approaches. In this aspect, for the fruitful research in Christian education, this qualitative research method would be absolutely necessary, because it listens to the voice of the people where actions occur. Especially, the research using CAQDAS program would further enhance shcu approaches. Secondly, various trials and approaches related to CAQDAS programs are in demand in the field of Christian education. Especially in the field of Christian education, the demand for qualitative approach is strong, and this demand is a consistent and constant demand from scholars whol have struggled with dilemma from the abstract researches. Responding to these demands would mean to upgrade a step higher the qualuty of research in the field of Christian education, and to obtain a position in which Christian education would be a leading scholarship by guiding and selecting the scholarly research on the said topic dealt in the general education field. 본 연구에서는 기독교교육 영역에서의 질적 연구의 필요성과 최근 호주를 중심으로 국외에서 확산되고 있는 질적 연구방법론의 가장 최신의 연구법인 질적 자료분석 컴퓨터 프로그램을 국내에 소개하고 기독교교육 영역에서의 질적 연구의 필요성과 그 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 이를 위해 다양한 기독교교육 영역에서의 연구동향과 CAQDAS 프로그램을 소개하고 각 프로그램의 특징을 정리하였으며, CAQDAS 프로그램이 적용된 사례들을 제시함으로 우리나라 연구자들과 기독교교육 연구자들의 이해를 증진시키고자 하였다. 이러한 점에서 본 연구는 아직까지 CAQDAS 프로그램과 관련된 이론화 및 적용이 초기단계인 한국적 상황에서 다양한 수준의 시사점을 제공한다고 할 수 있다. 먼저, 기독교교육 영역에서 질적 연구방법론을 활용하는 연구들이 확산되어야 한다. 기독교교육의 관심 주제는 대부분이 질적인 가치들이며, 이는 양적 설문지와 문헌 분석으로서의 접근으로는 한계가 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 현장의 목소리에 귀를 기울이는 질적 접근의 경우 내실 있는 기독교교육 연구를 위해서는 반드시 필요한 접근방법이 될 것이며, 특별히 CAQDAS 프로그램을 활용한 연구는 더욱더 그러한 접근에 박차를 가하게 될 것이다. 다음으로 CAQDAS 프로그램과 관련된 다양한 시도와 접근들이 기독교교육 분야에서 요구된다. 특히 기독교교육 분야에 있어서 질적인 접근의 요구는 강력하며 이는 많은 추상적인 연구들로부터 딜레마를 겪고 있는 연구자들의 한결같은 요구이기도 하다. 이러한 요구에 부응하는 것은 기독교교육 영역에서의 연구의 질을 한 단계 업그레이드 시키는 것일 뿐만 아니라 일반 교육학의 영역에서도 해당 분야의 주제를 선점하여 이끌어갈 수 있는 선도 학문 영역으로서의 자리 또한 획득하는 것이다.

완전유리식 태양열 집열 튜브에의 적용을 위한 측열장치의 설계에 관한 수치해석적 연구

현준호,천원기 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2002 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.1

The basic aim of this study is to utilize PCM(Phase Change Material) that is required for storage of solar energy. PCM's thermal, physical characteristics are affected by temperature. PCM is easy to change one into another phase at low temperature. While the temperature change makes the PCM melted or solidified, an amount of energy can be transfer. In order to evaluate the PCM's characteristics and its phase change related to heat transfer, 3 dimensional computer simulation is adapted and its analysis is accomplished. The simulation was carried out under changing of temperature for an insulated cylinder filled with PCM and the PCM's thermal characteristics was observed based on time.

걷기운동이 비만중년여성의 건강관련체력과 피하지방두께변화에 미치는 영향

원영두,문현화,정천모,신명건 朝鮮大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2007 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.18 No.-

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of walking exercise on health-related physical fitness and Subcutaneous fat thickness in obese middle-aged women. SPSS 11.0 was used to calculate mean and SD, and ANCOVA was conducted to examine the group difference between paired sample t-test and pre-test and post-test. The level of significance was set at a=.05. 1. The change of health-related physical fitness was examined, In the EG, there was no statistically significant difference in muscular strength, but there was statistically significant difference in muscle endurance(p<.05), f1exibi1ity(p<.01), and cardivascular endurance(p<.OOl). In the CG, there was no statistically significant difference in all factors. 2. The change of body composition was examined. In the EG, there was statistically significant difference in weight(p<.001) and % body fat(p(.001), but 3. The change of skinfold thickness was examined. In the EG. there was statistically significant difference in triceps. subscapular, midaxillary, abdominal, suprailliac, and popliteal muscles(p<.001) and front thigh(p(.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in medial calf. In the CG, there was no statistically significant difference in all regions. In conclusion, as results of conducting the 12-week walking exercise program for obese middle-aged women, it was found that the program improved health-related and effectively reduced % body fat and skinfold thickness. It is recommended that middle-aged women should do low intensity endurance exercise rather than excessive exercise. Further study should conduct a walking exercise program and a dietary cure together to provide obese middle-aged women with a more effective program.

손마사지가 허혈성 심질환 환자의 불안에 미치는 효과

현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

범죄 청소년의 성격특성에 따른 군집분석

원호택,이훈진,박현순 서울大學校 社會科學大學 心理科學硏究所 1992 心理科學 Vol.1 No.-

본 연구에서는 범죄 청소년의 성격특성을 알아보고, 군집분석을 통하여 성격특성에 따르는 하위유형을 구분하고 각 하위유형간에 교육정도, 범죄유형, 가정, 성장배경이나, 범법 전의 스트레스 경험과 대처방식에서 어떤 차이가 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 그 결과 범죄 청소년 집단은 성격특성에 따라 세유형의 하위집단으로 구분되었다. 첫번째 하위집단은 긍정적 자아집단으로, 이들은 긍정적 자아개념을 지니고 있고 충동을 잘 억압하면서 방어적 경향을 보인다. 두번째 하위집단은 부정적 자아집단으로 자아개념이 부정적이고 충동통제를 못하며, 실패를 추구하는 경향이 두드러 진다. 세번째 하위집단은 강인한 충동집단으로 냉담하고, 반사회적인 성격특성과 유사한 양상을 드러냈다. 각 하위 집단간에는 부모 양육방식과 스트레스 경험, 그리고 대처방식에서 차이가 나타났다. 그러나 범죄유형이나 교육수준에서는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. In this study, we examined psychological characteristics of juvenile criminals using various personality qestionaires such as self-concepts, Eysenk personality test, locus of control and etc. Multivariate cluster analysis was performed to derive three subgroups of juvenile criminals for 18 personality variables. The first subgroup consisted of crimianls characteristic of a positive self concept with highly repressive and defensive tendancy while the second subgroup appeared to have negative self concept with poor impulse control. The third subgroup was characterized by the tough-mindedness with emotional insecurity and poor impulse control. These three subgroups showed differences in family enviroments. The first subgroup had better family enviroments than the other two subgroups. Especially, the second subgroup appeared to have had the poorest family enviroments. Also, there were differences in strees coping styles among subgroups. The first subgroup showed more active coping and social support seeking than the other groups.

한국, 북한, 중국, 일본의 근골해부학 용어의 비교와 개정방향

元浩淵,金炫秀,李福煥 관동대학교 1995 關大論文集 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to compare on the terminologies of surface anatomy between Korea, North Korea, China and Japan for modifing in 4th Korean Nomina Anatomica. This paper suggests that 11 terminologies in skeletal system, 10 terminologies in muscle system and 15 terminologies in regional anatomy and 15 terminologies in exercise. Main principles of the modification are as follows : 1. The terminology of surface anatomy must be modified to Korean native terminologies in modifing 4th Korean Nomina Anatomica. 2. The terminology of anatomy text book must be modified in all discipline of applied anatomy. 3. It is nessisary to co-work between The Socity of Korean Anatomy and The Socity of DPRK Anatomy for unificate the terminology of Korean Nomina Anatomica. 4. The new terminology of Korean Nomina Anatomica must be used in all journal papers.

논문 : 국내 시중은행의 원/달러 환율 예측력 분석

형남원 ( Nam Won Hyung ),전형철 ( Hyun Chol Jeon ) 명지대학교 금융지식연구소 2010 금융지식연구 Vol.8 No.3

국내의 일부 은행은 매일 오전 외환시장의 동향에 대한 정보를 제공하면서 환율의 금일변동의 예상범위를 제시하고 있다. 본고에서는 그 중 한 일반은행을 택하여 금일예상범위에서 제시된 일별 원/달러 환율의 예측치의 예측력을 분석하고, 시계열모형을 통한 예측력의 개선방안에 대해 연구하였다. 이 은행에서 제시하는 환율예측치를 벤치마크로 삼아 ARMA모형, GARCH모형, 지수평활화, 임의보행모형 등의 시계열모형의 예측치와 비교·분석하였다. 리먼 브라더스의 파산으로 촉발된 2008년 하반기의 국제금융의 위기로 인한 환율의 급격한 변동을 반영한 분석도 시도하였다. 예측의 편의성(biasness)을 검정하기 위한 MFE 통계량, 예측력의 우월성을 비교하는 RMSFE 통계량, 예측력의 통계적 차이를 검정하기위해 Diebold and Mariano 검정방법, 환율변동 방향에 대한 예측력을 검정하기 위해 DOC기준을 각각 사용하였다. 분석 결과 이 은행의 예측치가 다른 시계열 예측치보다 우수한 예측력을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 국제금융위기로 변동성이 심해진 기간을 감안한 분석의 결과도 비슷하게 나타났다. 이 은행의 예측치와 시계열 모형 예측치를 반영하는 결합예측치를 만드는 경우 은행의 예측치가 가지는 편의성이 대폭 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 예측력도 제한적인 범위에서 개선이 있는 경우도 나타났다. 특히 변동방향의 예측에서 상당한 정도의 개선이 있는 것으로 나타났다. This study investigates the performance of a major commercial bank in Korea in terms of forecasting daily exchange rates. The paper suggests several alternative forecasting methods based on time series models, including ARMA, GARCH, GARCH with a structural break, exponential smoothing, the random walk model. The out-of-sample forecasting performance of the bank`s forecasting method was compared with that of the alternative forecasting methods by using the root mean squared forecast error (RMSFE) and the direction of change (DOC). The results indicate that the bank`s forecasting method has a clear advantage over the alternative methods. However, the bank`s forecasting method offers no advantage in terms of the mean forecast error (MFE). The forecasting methods were then combined to improve forecasting performance. The results do not provide evidence of such an improvement in terms of the MSFE but indicate a significant reduction in forecast bias and an increase in forecasting performance in terms of the DOC.

중국 이동전화단말기업계 당향과 국내업체 진출현황

현인규,손원민 순천향대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 순천향 사회과학연구 Vol.9 No.2

Since the 1990s, the electronics industry has experienced a rapid crossover from analogue to digital technologies. Digital wireless telecom was first introduced in Europe in 1992, and has rapidly replaced its analogue predecessor. Digitalization greatly improved the quality of telecom services, and the standardization enabled mass production of handsets. As a result, the number of mobile telecom subscribers in the world has skyrocketed 500 thousand in 1992 to 1.1 billion at end of 2002. Korea also witnessed a surge in subscribers from 40 thousand to 32 million during the same period. China has the largest number of mobile phone-users in the world. and Foreign Firms are localizing their products in China as they strive for as greater share of the world's largest mobile phone market. Sooner or later China's phone market will face oversupply. The over production will lead to a price war and push many companies out of the market altogether. This paper will suggest entry strateiges to China's mobile handset market. The large companies, for example Samsung and LG, have to choose the skimming pricing policy through developing new high-tech products. It is important that the medium and small companies have a price competition through the alliance with excellent domestic parts production firms. World mobile phone market has been rapidly growing due largely to the increase of mobile phone users and the revolution of communication technology. However, in 2001, the economic recession of the United States, the largest importer of mobile phone, with the slow down of world IT industry and the postponement of 3G services has happened and they caused the shrinking of the market and the fall of growth rate. During the last several years, South Korea's export of mobile phone has been remarkably growing and become its seond largest export item ahead automobile. In particular, China, which is South Korea's strong competitor in this sector, now has the largest mobile phone users in the world and marks the highest growth in mobile phone services. Moreover, it is the largest producer of mobile phone in the world. In this sense, China has a Janus faced aspect. It is our export market as well as our production base of mobile phone. On the other hand, our mobile phone producers have to compete vehemently with Chinese local mobile phone producers. The importance of Chinese market has been increasingly growing and since 2003 china has become the largest export market. Among the export items to china, telecom equipments amounts to 17 percent of the total export. In particular, due largely to the abolition of subsidy applied to mobile phone in the Korean domestic market and the decrease of new mobile phone subscribers, Korean mobile phone makers step up their efforts to export to China. However, recently, some 67 percent of Chinese market has been occupied by its local mobile phone makers, which have done business very aggresively. The Chinese government also has supported its local producers, giving them a lot of incentives. This leads to a fierce fighting between Korean mobile phone producers who try to keep the market and Chinese local producers who have strong marketing capabilities. In order for our mobile phone producers to succeed continuously in Chinese market, we have to deeply consider two things. One is that we have to consider the scale of company. For instance, big companies like Samsung Electronics and LG Electronics have to focus on the development of new items, especially expensive ones. In particular, Samsung has to prepare for the lineup for GSM phone and increase its brend power. It has to transform from cheap and reasonable market to expensive market. Moreover, it has to jump on the new market of network equipments. Small and medium companies have to focus on acquiring price competitiveness. In addition to this, they have to cooperate with Korean local part makers and produce reasonable price items with good quality.

불안장애환자가 나타내는 사고내용의 특성

원호택,신현균,박현순,권석만 서울大學校 社會科學大學 心理科學硏究所 1996 心理科學 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 인지내용이 정서장애에 영향을 미친다는 인지적 내용-특수성 가설에 근거하여 불안장애환자의 사고내용을 조사하고자 했다. 사고내용에 있어서, 불안장애 환자들이 정상인 또는 비불안 정신장애환자와 어떤 차이점이 있는지를 조사했으며 나아가서 불안장애의 하위유형인 공황장애환자와 비공황 불안장애환자간에 어떤 차이점이 있는지를 탐색하고자 했다.이를 위해서 공황장애환자 34명, 비공황 불안장애환자 24명, 비불안 정신장애환자 34명을 포함한 92명의 정신장애 환자와 60명의 정상인을 대상으로 하여 그들의 사고내용을 측정하였다. 이들의 사고내용은 불안민감성 척도(ASI), 광장공포인지 질문지(ACQ), 신체감각 질문지(BSQ)를 사용하여 측정되었다. 각 집단별 사고내용을 정밀하게 비교하기 위하여 각 척도의 개별문항에 대해서 차이비교검증을 실시하였다.본 연구의 주된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공황 장애를 비롯해 불안장애 환자집단은 정상인 집단에 비해 세 척도에서 측정된 불안유발 사고내용을 현저하게 많이 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 공황장애 환자집단은 비불안 정신장애 환자(우울증 및 신체화) 집단에 비해 신체적 증상에 대해서 더 예민하고 이를 위협적인 것으로 평가하는 경향성이 있었다. 셋째, 공황장애 환자들은 비공황 불안장애 환자나 비불안 정신장애환자에 비해 극단적이고 파국적인 위험과 관련된 사고내용을 많이 가지고 있었다. 특히 공황장애 환자들은 다양한 신체적 증상과 변화에 예민하고 이를 죽음이나 통제상실상태와 같이 극단적이고 파국적인 것으로 해석하는 사고경향이 있는 반면, 비공황 불안장애 환자들은 대인관계에서의 부적절한 대처나 능력에 대한 부정적 평가와 같이 일반적이며 비파국적인 위험이나 위협과 관련된 사고내용을 많이 갖는 경향이 있었다.ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to investigate some characteristics of patients with anxiety disorders in their thought contents from the theoretical perspective of the cognitive content-specificify hypothesis that cognitive contents influence emotional disorders. For this, differences in thought contents between patients with panic and non-panic anxiety disorder as well as between patients with anxiety disorders and non-anxiety psychiatric patients or nomal controls were examined.The data were collected from 92 psychiatric patients (34 panics, 24 non-panics, 34 non-anxiety psychiatric patients) and 60 normal controls. Their thought contents were measured with the Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Agoraphobic Cognition Questionnaire, and Body Sensation Questionnaire. The difference between groups in the individual item of the three measures was tested using ANOVA and multiple comparison tests.The main findings in the present study are as follows: First, the patients with anxiety disorders reported significantly more thoughts with anxiety-provoking contents than normal controls. Second, the patients with panic disorders tended to be more sensitive to physical symptoms and to interpret these as being threatening than the non-anxiety psychiatric patients. Third, the patients with panic disorder had more thoughts with contents related to extreme and catastrophic danger than those with non-panic anxiety disorders. In particular, those with panic disorder had strong tendency to be senstive to physical symptoms or changes and to interpret these as suggesting extreme and catastrophic danger such as death or loss of control, whereas those with non-panic anxiety disorders tended to have thoughts with contents related to general and non-catastrophic danger or threats such as inadequate coping in interpersonal situations or negative evaluation about their ability.