LCC 분석을 통한 도시가스와 지열 냉 난방설비의 경제성 평가

이일규(Lee, Il-Gyu),강현욱(Kang, Hyun-Wook),원유만(Won, Yoo-Man),김용수(Kim, Yong-Su) 대한건축학회 2011 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.27 No.10

The purpose of this study is economic analysis of heating and cooling systems that are using gas, geothermal energy through life cycle cost analysis. The adapted research method selected the office building in Seoul region. The building is 15 stories and have total floor area of 270,000㎡. And the capacity of heating and cooling system applied in new building is 700RT to 750RT as a scale of heating and cooling system that can provide same capacity. The Adapted LCC Analysis period on 40 years. Comparing and analyzing life cycle cost about each heating and cooling system in cases, economical evaluation is estimated. The results are as follows: 1) The total life cycle cost of gas heating and cooling system is approximately 7,979million won, the total life cycle cost of geothermal heating and cooling system is approximately 8,073million won. 2) The cost of the geothermal heating and cooling system is higher than gas heating and cooling system about 1.18%. Thus, optimal plan is the gas heating and cooling system.

Intra-Rater and Inter-Rater Reliability of Various Forward Head Posture Measurements

( Won Gyu Yoo ),( Min Hee Kim ),( Chung Hwi Yi ) 한국전문물리치료학회 2005 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Titanium nitride thin film as a novel charge collector in TCO-less dye-sensitized solar cell

Yoo, Beomjin,Kim, Kang-Jin,Kim, Yong Hyun,Kim, Kyungkon,Ko, Min Jae,Kim, Won Mok,Park, Nam-Gyu Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.21 No.9

<P>A titanium nitride (TiN)-based dye-sensitized solar cell is developed where TiN is used as a charge collector and TCO-less glass as a substrate. A nanocrystalline TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film was deposited onto a TCO-less glass substrate using the radio frequency (r.f.) magnetron sputtering method and capped with a TiN film with a thickness of ∼66 to ∼167 nm, which was controlled by varying sputtering time. The crystal structure of TiN layers is analyzed using XRD, chemical bonding nature and composition (TiN<SUB>0.95</SUB>) were confirmed by XPS and RBS, respectively. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopic images confirmed the columnar structure of TiN films. Electrical resistance is exponentially decayed and approaches 4.4 Ω as the TiN film thickness increases up to 167 nm. The photovoltaic property is significantly influenced by the TiN film thickness. The energy conversion efficiency increases from 3.3% to 6.8% with increasing the TiN film thickness from 66 nm to 86 nm, where an increase in fill factor from 0.33 to 0.64 is mainly responsible for the efficiency improvement. The highest efficiency of 7.4% is obtained with a 136 nm-thick TiN film and declines to 5.8% at 167 nm, resulting in a one order of magnitude retarded diffusion rate of I<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>−</SUP>. A long-term stability test was performed for 1000 h and compared with a cell with pure Ti metal. The TiN-based cell maintains an efficiency of 84% after 1000 h, while the efficiency of the Ti-based cell is degraded by ∼34%, indicating that TiN is more stable than Ti in the TCO-less dye-sensitized solar cell.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A titanium nitride material was used as a charge collector for the first time in the TCO-less dye-sensitized solar cell. It was found that TiN efficiently collected photo-injected electrons, where the best efficiency of 7.4% was achieved with a TiN thickness of 136 nm. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0jm02962a'> </P>

Comparison of the Symmetry of Right and Left Lateral Cervical Flexion and Rotation and the Cervical FRR in Young Computer Workers

The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2014 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.26 No.5

<P> [Purpose] This study compared the symmetry of right and left lateral cervical flexion and rotation, and the cervical flexion-relaxation ratio (FRR) in young computer workers in Korea. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty computer workers (14 males and 6 females) participated in this study. We measured their right and left lateral cervical flexion, rotation, and FRR. [Results] Right and left lateral flexion and right and left rotation showed no significant differences between the sides. The left cervical FRR was significantly lower than the right cervical FRR. [Conclusion] The cervical FRR, expressed as a numerical value, is a more sensitive marker for measuring neuromuscular changes associated with mild asymmetry than CROM.</P>

Effect of the Foot Placements on the Latissmus Dorsi and Low Back Muscle Activities during Pull-down Exercise

The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2013 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.25 No.9

<P> [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of foot placement on the latissmus dorsi and low back muscles activities during pull-down exercise. [Subjects] For this study, we recruited 10 male volunteers. [Methods] The subjects performed pull-down exercises with 4 foot placement conditions. The activities of the latissmus dorsi and L4 paraspinal muscles were measured. [Results] The activities of the latissmus dorsi muscles significantly increased in the order of conditions 1 and 2 < condition 4 < condition 3. The activities of the L4 paraspinal muscles were significantly different, with the activities of conditions 1 and 2 being greater than those of conditions 3 and 4. [Conclusion] We suggest that the selection of foot placement is an important factor for the effective strengthening of the latissmus dorsi.</P>

A selectively processible instant glue passivation layer for indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors fabricated at low temperature

Yoo, Hyukjoon,Tak, Young Jun,Kim, Won-Gi,Kim, Yeong-gyu,Kim, Hyun Jae The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.6 No.23

<P>In this research article, instant glue (IG) is proposed as a novel material for the passivation layer of indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). This material can be deposited using a facile solution process and annealed at a low temperature of 150 °C for 1 min. The IGZO TFTs with an IG passivation layer (PVL) exhibit improved electrical characteristics as well as stability under positive bias stress compared to those without a PVL: field effect mobility from 10.23 to 12.66 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, subthreshold swing from 0.36 to 0.35 V per decade, on/off ratio from 1.6 × 10<SUP>8</SUP> to 5.21 × 10<SUP>8</SUP>, and threshold voltage shift from 4.00 to 2.32 V. These improvements are attributed to the modification of the chemical stoichiometry of the IGZO films and the blocking of the adsorption of moisture and oxygen. Furthermore, by depositing IG materials selectively on IGZO films <I>via</I> the drop casting method, it was confirmed that an IG PVL can be fabricated at the desired location as well as in a large area due to the high adhesive strength and viscosity of IG.</P>

Prognostic factors in breast cancer with extracranial oligometastases and the appropriate role of radiation therapy

Yoo, Gyu Sang,Yu, Jeong Il,Park, Won,Huh, Seung Jae,Choi, Doo Ho The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.4

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors for disease progression and survival of patients with extracranial oligometastatic breast cancer (EOMBC), and to investigate the role of radiation therapy (RT) for metastatic lesions. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 50 patients who had been diagnosed with EOMBC following standard treatment for primary breast cancer initially, and received RT for metastatic lesions, with or without other systemic therapy between January 2004 and December 2008. EOMBC was defined as breast cancer with five or less metastases involving any organs except the brain. All patients had bone metastasis (BM) and seven patients had pulmonary, hepatic, or lymph node metastasis. Median RT dose applied to metastatic lesions was 30 Gy (range, 20 to 60 Gy). Results: The 5-year tumor local control (LC) and 3-year distant progression-free survival (DPFS) rate were 66.1% and 36.8%, respectively. High RT dose (${\geq}50Gy_{10}$) was significantly associated with improved LC. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 49%. Positive hormone receptor status, pathologic nodal stage of primary cancer, solitary BM, and whole-lesion RT (WLRT), defined as RT whose field encompassed entire extent of disease, were associated with better survival. On analysis for subgroup of solitary BM, high RT dose was significantly associated with improved LC and DPFS, shorter metastasis-to-RT interval (${\leq}1month$) with improved DPFS, and WLRT with improved DPFS and OS, respectively. Conclusion: High-dose RT in solitary BM status and WLRT have the potential to improve the progression-free survival and OS of patients with EOMBC.

Effect of the Individual Strengthening Exercises for Posterior Pelvic Tilt Muscles on Back Pain, Pelvic Angle, and Lumbar ROM of a LBP Patient with Excessive Lordosis: A Case Study

The Society of Physical Therapy Science 2014 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE Vol.26 No.2

<P> [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to document the effect of individual strengthening exercises for posterior pelvic tilt muscles on back pain, pelvic tilt angle, and lumbar ROM of a low back pain (LBP) patient with excessive lordosis. [Subjects] The subject was a 28 year-old male with excessive lordosis who complained of severe LBP at the L3 level. [Methods] He performed individual strengthening exercises for the posterior pelvic tilt muscles (rectus abdominis, gluteus maximus, hamstring). [Results] Pelvic tilt angles on the right and left sides recovered to his normal ranges. Limited lumbar ROM increased, and low back pain decreased. [Conclusion] We suggest that an approach of individual resistance exercises is necessary for the effective and fast strengthening of the pelvic posterior tilt muscles in case of LBP with excessive lordosis.</P>

Vasorelaxant effect of stilbenes from rhizome extract of rhubarb (Rheum undulatum) on the contractility of rat aorta

Yoo, Mi Young,Oh, Kwang-Seok,Lee, Jung Won,Seo, Ho Won,Yon, Gyu Hwan,Kwon, Dae Young,Kim, Young Sup,Ryu, Shi Yong,Lee, Byung Ho Heyden & Son 2007 Phytotherapy research Vol.21 No.2

<P>The vascular relaxant effect of the rhizome extract of Rheum undulatum was evaluated with isolated rat thoracic aorta preparations. The methanol extract of the rhizome induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of aortic preparations precontracted with 0.3 µm phenylephrine (EC<SUB>50</SUB> value: 5.8 µg/mL). The activity-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of seven hydroxystilbene components as active principles, i.e. piceatannol, resveratrol, desoxyrhapontigenin, rhapontigenin, piceid, rhaponticin and ϵ-viniferin. Of these, piceatannol, a tetrahydroxystilbene, exhibited the most potent vascular relaxant effect in rat aortic preparations (EC<SUB>50</SUB> value 2.4 µm). The vasorelaxant effect of piceatannol on endothelium-intact aorta rings was diminished completely by the removal of functional endothelium or by pretreatment of the aortic tissues with N<SUP>G</SUP>-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. These results suggest that piceatannol may be the major mediator responsible for the vasorelaxing properties of the rhizome extract of Rheum undulatum and the vasorelaxant effects of the piceatannol may be mediated via endothelium-dependent nitric oxide signaling pathway. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Prognostic factors in breast cancer with extracranial oligometastases and the appropriate role of radiation therapy

Gyu Sang Yoo,Jeong Il Yu,Won Park,Seung Jae Huh,Doo Ho Choi 대한방사선종양학회 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.4

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors for disease progression and survival of patients with extracranial oligometastatic breast cancer (EOMBC), and to investigate the role of radiation therapy (RT) for metastatic lesions. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 50 patients who had been diagnosed with EOMBC following standard treatment for primary breast cancer initially, and received RT for metastatic lesions, with or without other systemic therapy between January 2004 and December 2008. EOMBC was defined as breast cancer with five or less metastases involving any organs except the brain. All patients had bone metastasis (BM) and seven patients had pulmonary, hepatic, or lymph node metastasis. Median RT dose applied to metastatic lesions was 30 Gy (range, 20 to 60 Gy). Results: The 5-year tumor local control (LC) and 3-year distant progression-free survival (DPFS) rate were 66.1% and 36.8%, respectively. High RT dose (≥50 Gy10) was significantly associated with improved LC. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 49%. Positive hormone receptor status, pathologic nodal stage of primary cancer, solitary BM, and whole-lesion RT (WLRT), defined as RT whose field encompassed entire extent of disease, were associated with better survival. On analysis for subgroup of solitary BM, high RT dose was significantly associated with improved LC and DPFS, shorter metastasis-to-RT interval (≤1 month) with improved DPFS, and WLRT with improved DPFS and OS, respectively. Conclusion: High-dose RT in solitary BM status and WLRT have the potential to improve the progression-free survival and OS of patients with EOMBC.