Soft polymeric materials near the transition from liquid to solid state

Winter, H.Henning The Korean Society of Rheology 1999 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.11 No.4

Soft polymeric materials have gained importance in recent years, namely in food, pharmaceuticals, photographic media, adhesives, vibration dampeners and superabsorbers (to name a few), but also as inter-mediates for selforganization of molecules or supramolecules into long range order. Many of these soft materials are close to their gel point, i.e. they are liquids just before reaching their gel point or they are solids which have barely passed the gel point. New rheological methods need to be developed for the understanding of these soft materials; the typical liquid properties (viscosity) and typical solid properties (modulus) are not applicable since they diverge at the gel point. This will be discussed in the following. Fortunately, chemical gelation experiments with model polymers has given insight into the behavior at the gel point (Winter and Mours, 1997). This knowledge of the critical gel provides us with a reference state when working with soft polymeric materials. Chemical gels will serve as model materials for the exploration of physical gels. A novel method for detecting the gel point has been proposed: the instant of liquid-to-solid transition(gel point) is marked by the crossover of the normalized dynamic moduli G'/cos($n_c$$\pi$/2) and G"/sin($n_c$$\pi$/2).>/2).

Hemopexin: A Novel Anti-inflammatory Marker for Distinguishing COPD From Asthma

Winter Natasha A.,Gibson Peter G.,Fricker Michael,Simpson Jodie L.,Wark Peter A.,McDonald Vanessa M. 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.3

Purpose Systemic inflammatory biomarkers can improve diagnosis and assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. We aimed to validate an airway disease biomarker panel of 4 systemic inflammatory biomarkers, α2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and hemopexin, to establish their relationship to airway disease diagnosis and inflammatory phenotypes and to identify an optimized biomarker panel for disease differentiation. Methods Participants with COPD or asthma were classified by inflammatory phenotypes. Immunoassay methods were used to measure levels of validation biomarkers in the sera of participants with disease and non-respiratory disease controls. Markers were analyzed individually and in combination for disease differentiation and compared to established biomarkers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and white blood cell/blood eosinophil count). Results The study population comprised of 141 COPD, 127 severe asthma, 54 mild-moderate asthma and 71 control participants. Significant differences in ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and hemopexin levels between disease groups and between systemic inflammatory phenotypes were observed. However, no differences were found between airway inflammatory phenotypes. Hemopexin was the best performing individual biomarker and could diagnose COPD versus control participants (area under the curve [AUC], 98.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 96.7%–99.9%) and differentiate COPD from asthmatic participants (AUC, 97.0%; 95% CI, 95.4%–98.6%), outperforming established biomarkers. A biomarker panel, including hemopexin, haptoglobin and other established biomarkers, could diagnose asthma versus control participants (AUC, 87.5%; 95% CI, 82.8%–92.2%). Conclusions Hemopexin can be a novel biomarker with superior diagnostic ability in differentiating COPD and asthma. We propose an anti-inflammatory axis between the airways and systemic circulation, in which hemopexin is a protective component in airway disease. Purpose Systemic inflammatory biomarkers can improve diagnosis and assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. We aimed to validate an airway disease biomarker panel of 4 systemic inflammatory biomarkers, α2-macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and hemopexin, to establish their relationship to airway disease diagnosis and inflammatory phenotypes and to identify an optimized biomarker panel for disease differentiation. Methods Participants with COPD or asthma were classified by inflammatory phenotypes. Immunoassay methods were used to measure levels of validation biomarkers in the sera of participants with disease and non-respiratory disease controls. Markers were analyzed individually and in combination for disease differentiation and compared to established biomarkers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and white blood cell/blood eosinophil count). Results The study population comprised of 141 COPD, 127 severe asthma, 54 mild-moderate asthma and 71 control participants. Significant differences in ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and hemopexin levels between disease groups and between systemic inflammatory phenotypes were observed. However, no differences were found between airway inflammatory phenotypes. Hemopexin was the best performing individual biomarker and could diagnose COPD versus control participants (area under the curve [AUC], 98.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 96.7%–99.9%) and differentiate COPD from asthmatic participants (AUC, 97.0%; 95% CI, 95.4%–98.6%), outperforming established biomarkers. A biomarker panel, including hemopexin, haptoglobin and other established biomarkers, could diagnose asthma versus control participants (AUC, 87.5%; 95% CI, 82.8%–92.2%). Conclusions Hemopexin can be a novel biomarker with superior diagnostic ability in differentiating COPD and asthma. We propose an anti-inflammatory axis between the airways and systemic circulation, in which hemopexin is a protective component in airway disease.

TREATMENT OF ANIMAL MANURE AND WASTES FOR ULTIMATE DISPOSAL - Review -

Winter, J.,Hilpert, R.,Schmitz, H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.2

Sources of organic waste materials for aerobic and/or anaerobic degradation, or for composting of solid wastes in Germany were estimated. The basic microbiology and the energetics of these processes were compared with special emphasis on anaerobic degradation, for which a general degradation scheme of carbohydrates is presented. Advantages of anaerobic over aerobic treatment processes are pointed out and conditions for maintaining a highly stable anaerobic process as well as producing a sanitized, hygienic product are discussed. Reactor systems suitable for efficient treatment of wastes with a high or low proportion of suspended solids are principally compared and results of laboratory studies on the degradation of several wastes and animal manures summarized. Finally, a piggery slurry treatment factory for an ultimate slurry processing to obtain a dry fertilizer and a harmless, disposable liquid, as it is in operation in Helmond/Holland, is presented and preliminary process data are presented.

A Simple, Effective Method for Bacterial Culture Storage: A Brief Technical Report

Winters, Ryan D.,Winn, Washington C. Jr. The Korean Society for Microbiology 2010 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.40 No.2

Maintenance of large collections of bacterial cultures can be challenging, as individual species may necessitate specific storage techniques, and many important organisms are famously difficult to sustain in culture. We present a simple, cost-effective, reliable method for long-term storage of bacterial strains suitable for fastidious species.

Design of an Haptic Tactile Interface (HTI) with Friction Coefficient Measurements

Winter, Christophe,Perriard, Yves Journal of International Conference on Electrical 2013 Journal of international Conference on Electrical Vol.2 No.4

An haptic tactile interface (HTI) is presented with its modeling. Its design is dedicated to perform friction coefficient measurement to characterize reachable feelings with that kind of interface. Friction measurements are presented and discussed.

Special Lecture : Management of Cervical Cancer, Austrian (Graz) Experience

( Raimund Winter ) 대한산부인과학회 2003 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.89 No.-

詩의 思想과 情緖

Yvor Winters 成均館大學校 國語國文學科 1958 成大文學 Vol.5 No.-

Modelling and comparing hospitals’ informationsystems in Japan and Germany

Alfred Winter,Franziska Jahn,Lutz Ißler,Katsuhiko Takabayashi 대한의료정보학회 2008 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.14 No.2

Medicine and health care are developing to be and yet are driving economical factors worldwide and information and communication technology is one of their most important resources. Thus, there is a special need for effective and efficient information systems. These information systems have continually to be adjusted to changing demands stemming from innovation and trends in medicine (continuity of care, translational medicine), but also from trends in information technology and information management (e.g. SOA, “Green IT”, ITIL). Teams worldwide meet the challenge and implement projects concerning information systems for hospitals, health care regions, or even nationwide health telematics like German teams do by introducing the electronic health card. Completing the IMIA “world‐wide vision to improve the health of the world population” by application of information technology needs effective cooperation worldwide. As already stated in the bible (tower of babel) one common language is needed for cooperation. This requires a widely accepted terminology/ontology for describing information systems in health care, a common understanding of the domain and of the tasks to be supported by information systems, and shared methods for creating construction plans. As a small contribution we had proposed 3LGM² as an ontology to describe information systems, a reference model to describe the domain of health care information processing, and the 3LGM² tool to create models and plans for information systems in health care. In a joint project of the University of Leipzig (Germany) and Chiba University (Japan) we applied these concepts to systematically compare the information systems of the respective universities’ medical centres. We regard this comparison as small but important step towards better cooperation between Asia and Europe in building health care information systems. The comparison unfolded e.g. differences concerning architectural styles, heterogeneity, redundancy, use of communication standards and organisation of information management between both hospitals. The confrontation of the information systems of both sites with each other using the same terminology provides new chances for sharing experiences and, thus, for cooperation. Despite of the differences, no reason could be found for rating one information system significantly better than the other. For doing this, a more thorough understanding of quality of information systems in health care and respective research is needed.

Consumer evaluation of customer loyalty programs: the role of customization in customer loyalty program involvement

Erica Winters,하세진 한국마케팅과학회 2012 마케팅과학연구 Vol.22 No.4

This study investigates the role of customizing the offerings (rewards and services) of a customer loyalty program in consumers’ responses regarding perceived value (cash value and emotional value), satisfaction with the loyalty program, and loyalty intention toward the focal retailer. It also examines the moderating role that customer loyalty program involvement may play in value–satisfaction–loyalty associations. Data were collected from 174 college students using a web-based survey. Results yield overall support for the model in which customization of a loyalty program influences perceived cash value of the loyalty program, which in turn influences perceived emotional value,satisfaction with the loyalty program, and loyalty toward the retailer. Additionally,consumer involvement in customer loyalty programs moderates the effectiveness of customer loyalty programs by differentiating the degrees to which perceived emotional value and satisfaction influence loyalty intention.

기본적 자유권의 세대간 효과: 독일 연방헌법재판소의 기후보호를 위한 노력

( Gerd Winter ),박시원(번역) 한국환경법학회 2021 環境法 硏究 Vol.43 No.3

최근 판결에서 독일 연방 헌법재판소는 소위 기본적 자유권의 세대간 효과라는 기후보호를 위한 새로운 기본권 개념을 발전시켰다. 과거 독일 국내 기후보호소송에서 건강권, 직업을 선택할 권리, 재산권 등의 헌법적 권리들이 주장되었던 것에 반해, 이번 사건에서 법원은 기본적 자유권이 화석연료 사용과 온실가스를 배출을 통해 향유되는 한, 그러한 모든 종류의 기본적 자유권이 침해되고 있음을 인정하였다. 이러한 권리의 통시적(시간을 관통하는) 측면을 강조하며, 법원은 온도 상승 2도내에서 가용할 수 있는 탄소예산 대부분을 2030년 이전에 소진하고, 그 후 시간과 후속 세대에는 가용할 배출허용량을 최소한만 남기는 현행 온실가스 감축 계획의 불균형성을 지적하였다. 이 판례분석은 기존의 기본권 법리를 확장시킨 법원의 논리를 요약하고, 덧붙여 꾸준히 증가하는 국제 기후소송 판례법에 미치는 영향을 논한다.