기조 발표(基調 發表) : 한자교육을 위한 응용과학기술방법 모색

기영화 ( Wing Wah Ki ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2011 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.26 No.-

중국어를 모국어로 하는 학생들의 한자교육은 전통적으로 학생들로 하여금 부단한 쓰기와 암송, 암기를 요구하였다. 학생의 입장에 보았을 때, 이런 학습 방법은 답답하고 융통성이 없을 뿐 아니라, 학습 속도에서도 크게 느리다고 할 수 있다. 이런 까닭에 홍콩대학 교육학원은 90년대부터 「現龍計劃」을 시작하였고, 「智趣型」의 한자 학습을 제창하였다. 이를 위해 북경사범대학 왕녕(王寧), 이국영(李國英)과 주효문(周曉文) 교수 등의 협조를 얻어, 중국어를 모국어로 하는 학생을 위해 여러 종류의 한자 학습 소프트웨어를 연구 제작하고 개발하여, 인터넷 홈페이지(http://www.dragonwise.hku.hk) 상에 게재하여, 교사와 학생들이 자유롭게 사용하도록 제공하였다. 한편, 2006년에 시작된 「現龍」은 홍콩 남아족 학생들의 한자학습을 위해 서비스를 시작하여, 현재 제2외국어로서 한자를 학습하는 대상을 위하여 한자학습 소프트웨어를 연구 제작하여 인터넷에 게시하고 있다. (http://www.dragonwise.hku.hk/sa, http://www.dragonwise.hku.hk/ssp_2008) 현재 「現龍」사이트는 다국어로 된 한자 학습 홈페이지 구축을 희망하고 있는데, 이를 통해 아시아 언어 학습에 관심있는 학습자들, 특히 한자 학습에 관심이 있는 학생들이나 혹은 언어학자들에게 학습과 교류를 할 수 있는 공간을 제공하고자 한다. 본고는 현재까지 진행된 각종 한자 학습 소프트웨어의 설계 원리를 소개함으로써 독자들에게 참고가 되고자 한다. Traditionally, students who acquire Chinese as their first language are required to do continuous copying, reciting and dictating. This makes learning Chinese boring and ineffective. "Dragonwise Project Team", a project team led by teaching staff of Faculty of Education of the University of Hong Kong, started to promote Chinese language learning with special emphasis on arising learners` learning motivation and developing their awareness to the principles of the lauguage. With professional support offered by Prof. Wang Ning, Prof. Li Guo Ying and Prof. Zhou Xiao Wen of Beijing Normal University, a lot of Chinese learning software which was developed has been disseminated through our website(http://www.dragonwise.hku.hk). Since 2006, Dragonwise project team started to develop some software on teaching Chinese as second language to cater for the needs of South-Asian students in Hong Kong. Such software is available on web (http://www.dragonwise.hku. hk/sa and http://www.dragonwise.hku.hk/ssp_2008). Dragonwise project team is now going to build up a multi-language Chinese characters web-based learning platform which is specially designed for those who are interested in Chinese characters or language learners to exchange their experience and ideas. This paper will introduce the design framework of the software for readers` reference.

Combined use of bulked segregant analysis and microarrays reveals SNP markers pinpointing a major QTL for resistance to Phytophthora capsici in pepper

Liu, Wing-Yee,Kang, Jin-Ho,Jeong, Hyeon-Seok,Choi, Hye-Jeong,Yang, Hee-Bum,Kim, Ki-Taek,Choi, Doil,Choi, Gyung Ja,Jahn, Molly,Kang, Byoung-Cheorl Springer-Verlag 2014 Theoretical and applied genetics Vol.127 No.11

Toyota: The Innovator from The Future

Fung Ho Yin,Ho Tsun Ki Vincent,Cheung Wing Yin Christy,Lee Mui Fong Heather Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2021 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.7 No.1

Toyota is a good example of a successful Asian brand which has remained one of the leading automotive brands worldwide. Shadowed by its glory, Toyota’s suffering from failure and surmounting obstacles have been mostly neglected. The upturning of Toyota is an exemplary model to be referenced on how Asian brands glide in triumph and hurdle barriers in their paths. Despite experiencing geopolitical and financial crises, Toyota’s quick resilience, learning from their mistakes, and utilizing future opportunities and innovation have allowed them to remain one of the leaders among the automotive industry. This article contributes insights into Toyota’s resilience after various crises from a holistic perspective. Also, it sheds light how Toyota differentiates itself from other competitors and hence possibly inspires Asian companies to understand and appreciate Toyota’s accomplishments from a new angle. Toyota is a good example of a successful Asian brand which has remained one of the leading automotive brands worldwide. Shadowed by its glory, Toyota’s suffering from failure and surmounting obstacles have been mostly neglected. The upturning of Toyota is an exemplary model to be referenced on how Asian brands glide in triumph and hurdle barriers in their paths. Despite experiencing geopolitical and financial crises, Toyota’s quick resilience, learning from their mistakes, and utilizing future opportunities and innovation have allowed them to remain one of the leaders among the automotive industry. This article contributes insights into Toyota’s resilience after various crises from a holistic perspective. Also, it sheds light how Toyota differentiates itself from other competitors and hence possibly inspires Asian companies to understand and appreciate Toyota’s accomplishments from a new angle.

當代香港「中日夾雜」現象初探 -從近年的報刊、雜誌用語談起

홍가혜 ( Ka Wai Hung ),기영화 ( Wing Wah Ki ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2012 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.28 No.-

淸末民初, 大量由日人創製的新詞譯詞隨日譯外國書籍及留日中國士子傳入中國;八九十年代, 日語新詞隨日本的流行文化和技術, 傳入中港臺等地, 흔起日語新詞渗入漢語的第二個高潮。中日之間過去有過大規模的語言接觸, 令兩種語言之間存在大量的同形詞。日本文化廳的《中國語と對應する漢語》中所收錄的詞彙裡, 75%爲同形詞, 當中大部빈更屬於詞義相同或非常接近的「S(Same)」類(文化廳, 1978)。母語的正遷移作用令漢語母語話者「望文生義」, 較易掌握日語中的漢字詞彙。然而, 以漢語中的知識理解日本漢語詞彙, 其實容易造成詞義理解上的偏差和誤解, 因爲中日同形詞中還有一些詞義不同的同形異義詞。本文將以21世紀(2000至今)的報刊、雜誌爲對象, 探討「日語借詞」在香港社會的使用槪況、特點和背後的原因等, 藉以了解香港日語學習者在「中日夾雜」的語言環境下, 掌握日語漢字詞彙的困難。 During the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China, a large number of new terms and translated terms invented by Japanese were introduced into China through Japanese translation of foreign texts and by Chinese scholars studied in Japan. Similarly, during the 1980s and 1990s, new Japanese terms were introduced into China, Hong Kong and Taiwan together with Japanese popular cultures and technologies, which is the second wave of new Japanese terms diffusing into Chinese language. There has been extensive language contact between Japan and China, generating a large number of Japanese-Chinese homographs. Within the vocabulary included in 《中國語と對應する漢語》(Kango and the corresponding Chinese terms) published by Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japanese, 75% are homographs, and many of which even belong to the “S(Same)” category of terms having the same or very close meaning (Agency for Cultural Affairs of Japanese, 1978). Native Chinese speakers, through positive transfer of their mother tongue, are able to identify the meaning of a word basing on its form. Hence it is easier for them to master the Sino-Japanese vocabulary (or kango) in the Japanese language. However, if the Sino-Japanese vocabulary are interpreted based on what we know in the context of Chinese language, it would be prone to misinterpretation and error because there are still some Japanese-Chinese homographs that are false friends, though they look similar, their meaning in the two languages differ. This paper will review newspapers and magazines of the 21st century (i.e. from 2000 onward) to investigate how “Japanese loanwords” are employed in Hong Kong, the characteristics of use, and the reason behind. The findings will help understand the problems met by the learners of Japanese language in Hong Kong, a language environment with Chinese and Japanese mingling together”.

분자동역학과 대체 다중분해능 연속체이론을 연결하는 하이브리드 기법 개발

이덕진(Dock Jin Lee),김문기(Moon Ki Kim),최재붕(Jae Boong Choi),윙캄류(Wing Kam Liu) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.5-2

DNA nanotube formation based on normal mode analysis

Qian, PengFei,Seo, Sangjae,Kim, Junghoon,Kim, Seungjae,Lim, Byeong Soo,Liu, Wing Kam,Kim, Bum Joon,LaBean, Thomas Henry,Park, Sung Ha,Kim, Moon Ki IOP Pub 2012 Nanotechnology Vol.23 No.10

<P>Ever since its inception, a popular DNA motif called the cross tile has been recognized to self-assemble into addressable 2D templates consisting of periodic square cavities. Although this may be conceptually correct, in reality certain types of cross tiles can only form planar lattices if adjacent tiles are designed to bind in a corrugated manner, in the absence of which they roll up to form 3D nanotube structures. Here we present a theoretical study on why uncorrugated cross tiles self-assemble into counterintuitive 3D nanotube structures and not planar 2D lattices. Coarse-grained normal mode analysis of single and multiple cross tiles within the elastic network model was carried out to expound the vibration modes of the systems. While both single and multiple cross tile simulations produce results conducive to tube formations, the dominant modes of a unit of four cross tiles (one square cavity), termed a quadruplet, fully reflect the symmetries of the actual nanotubes found in experiments and firmly endorse circularization of an array of cross tiles.</P>

No difference in long-term functional outcomes or survivorship after total knee arthroplasty with or without computer navigation: a 17-year survivorship analysis

( Ng Jonathan Patrick ),( Lau Lawrence Chun Man ),( Chau Wai-wang ),( Ong Michael Tim-yun ),( Cheung Kin Wing ),( Chiu Kwok Hing ),( Chung Kwong Yin ),( Ho Kevin Ki-wai ) 대한슬관절학회 2021 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.33 No.-

Background: The literature comparing the long-term outcomes and survivorship of computer navigation-assisted and conventional total knee replacement (TKR) is sparse. Moreover, of the available comparative studies with followup duration of more than 10 years, the results seem to be conflicting. The purpose of this long-term study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes, and implant survivorship, of TKR performed with and without computer navigation. Methods: We retrospectively compared the results of 49 computer-navigated TKRs and 139 conventional TKRs. The mean age of the patients was 67.9 (range 52-81) years for the navigation group and 67.1 (range 50-80) years for the conventional TKR group. The mean duration of follow-up for the conventional and navigation TKR groups was 12.9 and 13.2 years, respectively. Clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations of the patients were performed at 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months post-operatively, and at 1-year intervals thereafter. Results: There were no significant differences in the post-operative Knee Society knee and function score between the two groups. The mean overall deviation from neutral alignment and the radiological outliers were significantly higher in the conventional TKR group. The overall survival rates at 17 years were 92.9% for the navigation group and 95.6% for the conventional TKR group (p = 0.62). Conclusions: Navigated TKR resulted in fewer radiological outliers; however, this did not translate to better long-term functional outcomes or implant survival.

Serum fibrosis index-based risk score predicts hepatocellular carcinoma in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B

( Lilian Yan Liang ),( Hye Won Lee ),( Vincent Wai-sun Wong ),( Terry Cheuk-fung Yip ),( Yee-kit Tse ),( Vicki Wing-ki Hui ),( Grace Chung-yan Lui ),( Henry Lik-yuen Chan ),( Grace Lai-hung Wong ) 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.3

Background/Aims: Serum fibrosis scores comprised of common laboratory tests have high utility to assess severity of liver fibrosis. We aimed to derive and validate a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk score based on serum fibrosis scores to predict HCC in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Fifteen thousand one hundred eighty-seven treatment-naive adult CHB patients were identified to form the training cohort in this retrospective study. Individual fibrosis score was included to construct a new HCC prediction score. The score was externally validated in an independent treatment-naive Korean CHB cohort. Results: 180/15,187 patients (1.2%) in training cohort and 47/4,286 patients (1.1%) in validation cohort developed HCC during a mean follow-up of 52 and 50 months, respectively. The newly developed HCC risk score, Liang score, is composed of gender, age, hepatitis B virus DNA, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, and ranges from 0 to 22. Area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve of Liang score was 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.89). A cutoff value of nine provided an extremely high negative predictive value of 99.9% and high sensitivity of 90.0% at 5 years in the validation cohort. Patients with Liang score ≤9 had HCC incidence <0.2% per year in both training and validation cohorts, in whom HCC surveillance might be exempted. Conclusion: A novel HCC risk score, Liang score, based on FIB-4 index, is applicable and accurate to identify treatment-naive CHB patients with very low risk of HCC to be exempted from HCC surveillance. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:499-509)

Prospective randomized trial comparing efficacy and safety of intravenous and intra-articular tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty

Li Moses Man-Lung,Kwok Jojo Yan-Yan,Chung Kwong-Yin,Cheung Kin-Wing,Chiu Kwok-Hing,Chau Wai-Wang,Ho Kevin Ki Wai 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with significant perioperative blood loss and postoperative allogenic blood transfusion. Tranexamic acid (TXA) reversibly blocks lysine binding sites on plasminogen molecules and inhibits plasmin formation. Comparisons of the efficacy and safety of intra-articular and intravenous TXA in primary TKA have not previously been reported.A prospective randomized trial was conducted in 150 patients who underwent TKA, and these patients were randomized into three groups. Patients in Group A were injected by intra-articular TXA according to body weight (20 mg/kg). Patients in Group B received a standard dose of intra-articular TXA (2000 mg), and those in Group C were infused with TXA according to body weight (20 mg/kg) before tourniquet deflation and again 3 h later. Baseline characteristics and data collected at blood transfusion were compared. Differences among four time points (baseline, day 0, day 2, and day 5) were carried out using ANOVA. The hemoglobin levels at postoperative day 5 were 10.6 g/dL for Group A, 10.6 g/dL for Group B, and 10.7 g/dL for Group C. The drain output was 399 ml for Group A, 314 ml for Group B, and 305 ml for Group C ( p = 0.03). Group C had significantly less drain output than Group A after post hoc comparisons ( p = 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between Group A and B ( p = 0.09) or between Group B and C. The weight-adjusted dose of TXA administered intravenously significantly reduced the drain output but not the total blood loss when compared with the weight-adjusted dose of TXA administered intra-articularly. No significant difference was observed in the other parameters among the three groups. The Joint CUHK-NTEC CREC, CRE-2013.644-T . Registered 1 March 2014.

U-shaped relationship between urea level and hepaticU-shaped relationship between urea level and hepatic decompensation in chronic liver diseases decompensation in chronic liver diseases

Huapeng Lin,Grace Lai-Hung Wong,Xinrong Zhang,Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip,Ken Liu,Yee Kit Tse,Vicki Wing-Ki Hui,Jimmy Che-To Lai,Henry Lik-Yuen Chan,Vincent Wai-Sun Wong 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.1

Background/Aims: We aimed to determine the association between blood urea level and incident cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. Methods: The association between blood urea level and liver fibrosis/liver-related events were evaluated on continuous scale with restricted cubic spline curves based on generalized additive model or Cox proportional hazards models. Then, the above associations were evaluated by urea level within intervals. Results: Among 4,282 patients who had undergone liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography, baseline urea level had a U-shaped association with LSM and hepatic decompensation development after a median follow-up of 5.5 years. Compared to patients with urea of 3.6–9.9 mmol/L, those with urea ≤3.5 mmol/L (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 4.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68–10.24) and ≥10 mmol/L (aHR, 5.22; 95% CI, 1.86–14.67) had higher risk of hepatic decompensation. Patients with urea ≤3.5 mmol/L also had higher risk of incident cirrhosis (aHR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.50–6.98). The association between low urea level and incident cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation was consistently observed in subgroups by age, gender, albumin level, and comorbidities. The U-shaped relationship between urea level and LSM was validated in another population screening study (n=917). Likewise, urea ≤3.5 mmol/L was associated with a higher risk of incident cirrhosis in a territory-wide cohort of 12,476 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease at a median follow-up of 9.9 years (aHR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03–1.57). Conclusions: We identified a U-shaped relationship between the urea level and liver fibrosis/incident cirrhosis/hepatic decompensation in patients with CLD.