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Ethanol and Water Atomization of Like- and Unlike-Doublet Impinging Jets
( Wei Hsiang Lai ),( Shun Jie Yang ),( Wen Non Huang ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-
The objective of the present study is to further investigate the general influence of the physical properties and environment effects on the mean drop size generated by like- and unlike-doublet impinging jets with 95% ethanol and purified water. The orifice of the injector element are 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mm in diameter, with depth-to-diameter ratio of 10, the impinging angle is set to be 60°, 90° and 120° respectively. In order to measure the mean drop size, the jet velocity is varied from 2 m/s to 30 m/s, the environment pressure is designated as 1, 2, 5 and 9 bar. Results show that in liquid shape mode, the larger impinging angle, the lower jet velocity threshold of mode transition is observed. Regarding the liquid film size, an empirical equation can be used to calculate the ψ angle, and the equation induced by Ibrahim et al.(1991) can figure out the film length by multiply a constant, which is related to the viscosity. The SMD of unlike-doublet impinging is highly influenced by the surface tension. High ambient pressure has no effect on film size, but it causes the liquid shape change mode in lower jet velocity.
Wei-Che Lin,Wen-Chieh Chen,Pei-Wen Wang,Yi-Chia Chan,Yen-Hsiang Chang,Harn-Shen Chen,Szu-Tah Chen,Wei-Chih Chen,Kai-Lun Cheng,Shun-Yu Chi,Pi-Ling Chiang,Chen-Kai Chou,Feng-Fu Chou,Shun-Chen Huang,Feng 대한초음파의학회 2023 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.42 No.3
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive management strategy that has been widely applied for benign and recurrent malignant thyroid lesions as an alternative to surgery in Taiwan. Members of academic societies for specialists in interventional radiology, endocrinology, and endocrine surgery collaborated to develop the first consensus regarding thyroid RFA in Taiwan. The modified Delphi method was used to reach a consensus. Based on a comprehensive review of recent and valuable literature and expert opinions, the recommendations included indications, pre-procedural evaluations, procedural techniques, post-procedural monitoring, efficacy, and safety, providing a comprehensive review of the application of RFA. The consensus effectively consolidates advice regarding thyroid RFA in clinical practice for local experts.
Particle Size and Loading Effects on Particle-Laden Flow with Mono-sized Droplets
( Wei Hsiang Lai ),( Wei Fu Lu ),( Keh Chin Chang ) 한국액체미립화학회 2010 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.-
Turbulence modulation is an interaction between phases that occurs in multiphase flow, and turbulence intensity traditionally can be represented as an indicator of turbulence modulation. Many researchers paid attention on the subject, but no coincident conclusion can be proposed. A general cognition is that larger particles induced wake to enhance the fluid turbulence intensity and smaller particles suppressed the fluid turbulence intensity since the fluid eddy imparted energy to the smaller particle. Here, the authors orderly changed particle size of dispersed phase and mass loading ratio (LR) to study the change on fluid turbulence intensity. Mono-dispersed droplets with a narrow size distribution were used to load into a homogeneous turbulence to investigate the turbulence modulation. Particle Dynamic Analyzer (PDA) was used to measure the particle (droplets and tracers) dynamic information. The particle concentration effect can be significantly observed. After coupling particle concentration and particle wetting area (πd2), a linear relationship can be obtained and it represents the turbulence modulation dominated the dilute two-phase flow as our expectation.
Interleukin-20 targets podocytes and is upregulated in experimental murine diabetic nephropathy
Yu-Hsiang Hsu,Hsing-Hui Li,Junne-Ming Sung,Wei-Yu Chen,Ya-Chin Hou,Yun-Han Weng,Wei-Ting Lai,Chih-Hsing Wu,Ming-Shi Chang 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
Interleukin (IL)-20, a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-10 family, is involved in acute and chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of IL-20 during diabetic nephropathy development. We found that IL-20 and its receptor IL-20R1 were upregulated in the kidneys of mice and rats with STZ-induced diabetes. In vitro, IL-20 induced MMP-9, MCP-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF expression in podocytes. IL-20 was upregulated by hydrogen peroxide, high-dose glucose and TGF-β1. In addition, IL-20 induced apoptosis in podocytes by activating caspase-8. In STZ-induced early diabetic nephropathy, IL-20R1-deficient mice had lower blood glucose and serum BUN levels and a smaller glomerular area than did wild-type controls. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody (7E) treatment reduced blood glucose and the glomerular area and improved renal functions in mice in the early stage of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. ELISA showed that the serum IL-20 level was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. The findings of this study suggest that IL-20 induces cell apoptosis of podocytes and plays a role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic nephropathy.
Ching-Wei Lee,Shih-Hsien Sung,Wei-Ming Huang,Yi-Lin Tsai,Hsiang-Yao Chen,Chiao-Po Hsu,Chun-Che Shih,Kuo-Piao Chung 대한심장학회 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.6
Background and ObjectivesAge is a traditional risk factor for open-heart surgery. The efficacy and safety of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair, using MitraClip (Abbott Vascular), has been demonstrated in patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Since octogenarians or older patients are usually deferred to receive open-heart surgery, the main interest of this study is to elucidate the procedural safety and long-term clinical impact of MitraClip in elderly patients. MethodsPatients with symptomatic severe MR were evaluated by the heart team. For those with high or prohibitive surgical risks, transcatheter mitral valve repair was performed in hybrid operation room. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), blood tests, and six-minute walk test (6MWT) were performed before, 1-month, 6-months, and 1 year after index procedure. ResultsA total of 46 consecutive patients receiving MitraClip procedure were enrolled. Nineteen patients (84.2±4.0 years) were over 80-year-old and 27 (73.4±11.1 years) were younger than 80. Compare to baseline, the significant reduction in MR severity was achieved after the procedure and sustained. All the patients benefited from significant improvement in New York Heart Association functional class. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) increased from 259±114 to 319±92 meters (p=0.03) at 1 year. The overall 1-year survival rate was 80% in the elderly and 88% in those <80 years, p=0.590. Baseline 6MWT was a predictor for all-cause mortality (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.982–0.999; p=0.026) after the MitraClip procedure. ConclusionsTrans-catheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repairs are safe and have positive clinical impact in subjects with severe MR, even in advanced age.
Sheng-Hsiang Yu,Chao-Yuan Tseng,Wei-Lun Lin 대한정신약물학회 2020 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.3
Objective: Rumination is a maladaptive emotional-regulation strategy that is strongly associated with depression. Impaired executive function can lead to difficulties in disengaging from rumination, thus exacerbating depression. In this study, we inspect an electroencephalograph neurofeedback protocol that enhance the target peak alpha frequency (PAF) activation in the prefrontal region. We examine the protocol’s effects on depression and rumination. Methods: We randomly assigned 30 dysphoric participants into either the neurofeedback training group or the control group. We then evaluated their depression, rumination, and executive function at pre- and posttraining so as to examine the effects of the neurofeedback. Results: The results show that this neurofeedback protocol can specifically enhance participants’ target PAF. The participants’ executive function performances significantly improved after undergoing 20 neurofeedback sessions. Compared with those in the control group, those in the neurofeedback group had significantly fewer depressive symptoms and significantly reduced rumination. Moreover, as target PAF and executive function improved, depression and rumination both declined. Conclusion: Our data are in line with those of previous studies that indicated a relationship between upper-band alpha activity and executive function. This PAF neurofeedback can effectively enhance participants’ executive function, which can reduce rumination and ameliorate depression. This neurofeedback training is based on basic cognitive neuroscience, so it sheds light on depression’s pathological factors and etiology
Pilot-scale study on dehydration of synthetic and lignocellulosic ethanol by NaA membrane
Hwa-Jou Wei,Yu-Hsiang Weng,Tsung-Yen Tsai 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.4
A pilot scale vapor permeation unit was assembled to study the dehydration of bioethanols with NaA membrane. The operational parameters, such as feed concentration, temperature, and downstream pressure in permeate, were varied. Long-term operation of an ethanol dehydration unit was demonstrated. Additionally, the lingocellulosic ethanol distillate was dehydrated to fuel grade ethanol with less than 1% water content. The changes in impurities, such as methanol, ethylacetate, 2-propanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and Isoamyl alcohol, were dependent on the volatility of the compounds. The ethanol concentrations in the permeate stream were lower than 1%, indicating high separation performance of the membrane system.
Acute kidney disease: an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management
Kung Chin-Wei,Chou Yu-Hsiang 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.6
Acute kidney injury (AKI) increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and AKI and CKD are seen as interconnected syndromes. Acute kidney disease (AKD) is defined as subacute damage and/or loss of kidney function occurring 7 to 90 days after AKI, during which period key interventions may be initiated to hinder the development of CKD. While AKD is usually under-recognized, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. This review article aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of AKD with the aim to develop monitoring strategies and therapeutic agents of AKD. Generally, AKD tends to occur more frequently in the elderly and those with chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. In addition, the severity, duration, and frequency of AKI are independent risk factors for AKD. Investigations of several mechanisms of AKD, such as renal tubular epithelium cell-cycle arrest, epigenetic change, chronic inflammation, mitochondria dysfunction, failed regeneration of tubular cells, metabolic reprogramming, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation, have identified additional potential pharmacotherapy targets. Management of AKD includes prevention of repeated AKI, early and regular follow-up by a nephrologist, resumption and adjustment of essential medication, optimization of blood pressure control and nutrition management, and development of new pharmaceutical agents including RAS inhibitors. Finally, we outline a care bundle for AKD patients based on important lessons learned from studies and registries and identify the need for clinical trials of RAS inhibitors or other novel agents to impede ensuing CKD development.