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Elsayed, Elsayed Ahmed,Sharaf-Eldin, Mahmoud A.,Wadaan, Mohammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.11
Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is widely consumed in tropical and subtropical regions for their valuable nutritional and medicinal characteristics. Recently, extensive research has been conducted on leaf extracts of M. oleifera to evaluate their potential cytotoxic effects. However, with the exception of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, little information is present on the cytotoxic activity of the essential oil obtained from M. oleifera seeds. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to investigate the potential cytotoxic activity of seed essential oil obtained from M. oleifera on HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, CACO-2 and L929 cell lines. The different cell lines were subjected to increasing oil concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 1 mg/mL for 24h, and the cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT assay. All treated cell lines showed a significant reduction in cell viability in response to the increasing oil concentration. Moreover, the reduction depended on the cell line as well as the oil concentration applied. Additionally, HeLa cells were the most affected cells followed by HepG2, MCF-7, L929 and CACO-2, where the percentages of cell toxicity recorded were 76.1, 65.1, 59.5, 57.0 and 49.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the $IC_{50}$ values obtained for MCF-7, HeLa and HepG2 cells were 226.1, 422.8 and $751.9{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Conclusively, the present investigation provides preliminary results which suggest that seed essential oil from M. oleifera has potent cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines.
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Fahd A. AL-MEKHLAFI,Nael Abutaha,Ahmed M. AL-MALKI,Muhammad AL-WADAAN 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.3
Mosquitoes can transfer many adverse diseases to human and animals therefore, there is a need to fight their spread. Among promising larvicidal sources is the use of plant extracts, which will play an important role in the future. This study was conducted to assess the larvicidal activity of Ferula hermonis Boiss,Achillea millefolium, Salvia officnalis, Psidium guaja and Matricaria chamomilla extract against Culex pipiens. The plant materials were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol using a Soxhlet extractor. The extracts were evaluated for larvicidal activity against Cx. pipiens the mortality was monitored after 24 and 48 h of exposure. None of the extracts tested showed larvicidal acitivties except M. chamomilla. The ethyl acetate extract showed the most promising larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 287.1 and 209.4 ppm after 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. Treatment of the eggs with different concentrations of the active extract decreased the hatchability of the eggs dose dependently from 95 to 86.49%. Similarly, the pupal duration increased in treated groups. The larval period lasted for 12 d, whereas that of the control group lasted for 10 d. Furthermore, the pupal period lasted 3 d (control 2 d) in treated groups. The data also revealed a significant decrease in the growth index in treated groups (0.00–7.53) than that of the control (8.5). The GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of 1.6.10-dodecatriene, 7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene (89.68%), 1,6-cyclodecadiene, 1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methylethyl)-, [S-(E,E)] (6.34%), 2H-pyran 3-ol (4.04%), and 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (0.079%).
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Identification of Histone Deacetylase 1 Protein Complexes in Liver Cancer Cells
Farooq, Muhammad,Hozzein, Wael N.,Elsayed, Elsayed A.,Taha, Nael A.,Wadaan, Mohammad A.M. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of mortalities worldwide. The search for new therapeutic targets is of utmost importance for improved treatment. Altered expression of HDAC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its requirement for liver formation in zebrafish, suggest that it may regulate key events in liver carcinogenesis and organogenesis. However, molecular mechanisms of HDAC1 action in liver carcinogenesis are largely unknown. The present study was conducted to identify HDAC1 interacting proteins in HepG2 cells using modified SH-double-affinity purification coupled with liquid mass spectrophotemetery. Materials and Methods: HepG2 cells were transfected with a construct containing HDAC1 with a C-terminal strepIII-HA tag as bait. Bait proteins were confirmed to be expressed in HepG2 cells by western blotting and purified by double affinity columns and protein complexes for analysis on a Thermo LTQ Orbitrap XL using a C18 nano flow ESI liquid chromatography system. Results: There were 27 proteins which showed novel interactions with HDAC1 identified only in this study, while 14 were among the established interactors. Various subunits of T complex proteins (TCP1) and prefoldin proteins (PFDN) were identified as interacting partners that showed high affinity with HDAC1 in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: The double affinity purification method adopted in this study was very successful in terms of specificity and reproducibility. The novel HDAC1 complex identified in this study could be better therapeutic target for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Al‐Mekhlafi Fahd A.,Al‐Khalifa Mohammed S.,Wadaan Muhammad A. 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.10
Applied entomotoxicology is the study of toxicants found in carrion insects and other matter, such as frass especially when body fluids or tissues cannot be used. The use of necropsy insects in medical and criminal investigations to detect toxicants has been done successfully. This study investigated the effect of the sedative drug zolpedim tartrate on the developmental rate and morphological parameters of the feeding and non-feeding stages of the carrion insect Sarcophaga peregrina Robineau-Desvoidy. Five cultures were prepared-one control and four cultures containing different concentrations of zolpidem tartrate (1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm). A total of 80 larvae were kept in each culture and provided with finely chopped liver containing the respective concentrations daily. The results obtained showed significant variations in the morphological parameters of the feeding and non-feeding stages, and negatively correlated with the concentrations compared with the control. The developmental time of the feeding and non-feeding stages positively correlated with the concentration of zolpidem tartrate. The results obtained indicate that zolpidem tartrate retards larval development and alters the estimation of the total developmental duration. When analyzing the entomological evidence of whether zolpidem tartrate may be responsible for death, it is important to consider its effects on PMI estimation.
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Farooq, Muhammad,El-Faham, Ayman,Khattab, Sherine N.,Elkayal, Ahmed M.,Ibrahim, Mahmoud F.,Taha, Nael Abu,Baabbad, Almohannad,Wadaan, Mohammad A.M.,Hamed, Ezaat A. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18
Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a potent anticancer and antiangiogenic agent. However, design and synthesis of chemical derivatives with improved antiangiogenic and anticancer activities are still necessary. In this study a library of novel derivatives of VPA was synthesized and tested. Methods: A human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and a human normal embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293) were exposed to various concentrations of VPA derivatives for 24 hours and cell viability was checked by MTT colorimetric assay. Anti-angiogenic properties were evaluated in transgenic zebrafish embryos. Results: N-valproylglycine derivatives suppressed survival almost 70% (p value 0.001) in HepG2 cells but only 10-12% in HEK 293 cells (p value 0.133). They also suppressed angiogenic blood vessel formation by 80% when used between $2-20{\mu}M$ in zebrafish embryos. Valproic acid hydrazides showed moderate level of anticancer activity by affecting 30-50% (p value 0.001) of cell viability in HepG2 cells and 8-10% in HEK293 cells (p value 0.034). Conclusion: The majority of compounds in this study showed potent and stronger antiangiogenic and anticancer activity than VPA. They proved selectively toxic to cancer cells and safer for normal cells. Moreover, these compounds inhibited developmental angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. Based on the fact that liver is a highly vascularized organ, in case of liver carcinoma these compounds have the potential to target the pathological angiogenesis and could be an effective strategy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Alhag Sadeq K.,Al-Mekhlafi Fahd A.,Abutaha Nael,Abd Al Galil Fahd Mohammed,Wadaan Muhammad A. 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1
Plant secondary metabolites have been recently used for the synthesis of different nanoparticles. The present investigation aimed at evaluating the effect of gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles synthesized using Acalypha fruticosa leaf extracts to control the mosquito Culex pipiens. The A. fruticosa AuNPs and AgNPs spectra displayed their maximum absorption at 550 nm and 440 nm, respectively. The infrared spectra revealed different functional groups related to different chemical compounds. The larval mortality of aqueous leaf extract of A. fruticosa was 499.54 ppm (LC 50 ) and 1734.06 ppm (LC 90 ) after 24 h of treatment. This study revealed that AuNP (LC 50 , 30.2 and LC 90 , 104.83 ppm) and AgNP (LC 50 , 52.86 and LC 90 , 157.227 ppm) preparations were highly effective compared to the A. fruticosa extract alone and also more affordable, as a smaller amount was required. The present findings show the potential larvicidal effect of the synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs for the control of mosquito-mediated disease transmission.
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Larvicidal potency of selected xerophytic plant extracts on Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)
Nael Abutaha,Fahd A. AL-MEKHLAF,Lamya Ahmed AL-KERIDIS,Muhammad FAROOQ,Fahd A. NASR,Muhammad AL-WADAAN 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.5
Chemical insecticides released into the environment may have adverse biological effects. Therefore, there is a need for ecofriendly insecticides for mosquito control. Xerophytic plant extracts that may provide more ecofriendly active component were evaluated against Culex pipiens 4th instars. Plant extracts prepared using different solvents with a Soxhlet apparatus and different concentrations were tested against Culex pipiens larvae. The effects were observed at 24 h and 72 h intervals and LD50 and LD90 values determined. Chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of Althaea ludwigii were the most effective against Cx. pipiens 4th instars, but were highly dependent on extract concentrations and exposure time. Results suggest that A. ludwigii extracts contain bioactive compounds, such as phenols and saponins, that may provide effective Cx. pipiens larval control. However, the extract was found to be toxic to zebrafish larvae, and may be toxic to other aquatic fauna. Further studies to determine the active components and toxicity to other fauna are needed.
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Farooq, Muhammad,Taha, Nael Abu,Butorac, Rachel R,Evans, Daniel A,Elzatahry, Ahmed A,Wadaan, Mohammad AM,Cowley, Alan H Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16
Background: Nanoparticles of gold and silver are offering revolutionary changes in the field of cancer therapy. N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) metal complexes possess diverse biological activities and are being investigated as potential chemotherapeutic agents. The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity and possible mechanisms of action of two types of newly synthesized nanofiber composites containing BIAN N-heterocyclic gold carbene complexes in two types of human cancer cells, namely breast cancer (MCF7) and liver cancer (HepG2) cells and also in normal human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT cell viability assay and oxidative stress by checking the total glutathione level. Results: Both compounds affected the cell survival of the tested cell lines at very low concentrations (IC50 values in the micro molar range) as compared to a well-known anti-cancer drug, 5 fluorouracil. A 60-80% depletion in total glutathione level was detected in treated cells. Conclusions: Reduction in total glutathione level is one of the biochemical pathways for the induction of oxidative stress which in turn could be a possible mechanism of action by which these compounds induce cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. The in vitro toxicity towards cancer cells found here means that these molecules could be potential anticancer candidates.
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Rhodococcus soli sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from soil using a resuscitative technique.
Li, Shan-Hui,Yu, Xiao-Yun,Park, Dong-Jin,Hozzein, Wael N,Kim, Chang-Jin,Shu, Wen-Sheng,Wadaan, Mohammed A M,Ding, Lin-Xian,Li, Wen-Jun N.V. Swets en Zeitlinger 2015 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol.107 No.2
<P>A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore forming strain, designated DSD51W(T), was isolated using a resuscitative technique from a soil sample collected from Kyoto park, Japan, and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate were typical of those of members of the genus Rhodococcus. Strain DSD51W(T) was found to form a coherent cluster with Rhodococcus hoagii ATCC 7005(T), Rhodococcus equi NBRC 101255(T), Rhodococcus defluvii Call(T) and Rhodococcus kunmingensis YIM 45607(T) as its closest phylogenetic neighbours in 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. However, the DNA-DNA hybridization values with the above strains were 58.2 ± 2.2, 58.4 ± 1.9, 45.1 ± 1.4 and 40.3 ± 4.7 %, respectively. In combination with differences in physiological and biochemical properties, strain DSD51W(T) can be concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus soli sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain DSD51W(T) (=KCTC 29259(T) = JCM 19627(T) = DSM 46662(T) = KACC 17838(T)).</P>
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