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Lívia Darnay,Adél Len,Ágota Koncz,László Friedrich,László Rosta 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.6
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies of fermentation of bovine milk with and without microbial transglutaminase (mTG) are described. Use of mTG increased the quality of low-fat yogurt via cross-linking of milk proteins. The SANS method was suitable for simultaneous characterization of the fermentation process and the effect of mTG. A decrease of whey protein release into the supernatant of centrifuged low-fat yogurt samples showed how mTG was capable to cross-link them already after 1 h of fermentation. The applied SANS method can be used to follow the sol-gel transformation of fermented dairy products in general. Moreover it can be a special tool for detecting the activity of mTG during fermentation of low-fat yogurts.
Fla´via V. Santa-Cecı´lia,Ge´rsika B. Santos,Carolina N. Fuzissaki,Priscilla B.M.C. Derogis,Lissara A.S. Freitas,Vanessa S. Gontijo,Paulo C. Stringheta,Tanus J. Nagem,Maı´sa R.P.L. Brigaga˜o,Marcelo H 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.2
Despite defenses by polymorphonuclear neutrophils in the host against invading agents, overproduction of oxidant species by phagocytes can lead to damage in the surrounding tissues. Several benzophenones have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. The effect of the natural benzophenone 7-epiclusianone isolated from leaves of Garcinia brasiliensis was investigated by using in vitro antioxidant and ex vivo anti-inflammatory assays, focusing on the neutrophil respiratory burst and on the biochemical pathways involved. The bioactive extract, 7-epiclusianone, showed low in vitro antioxidant activity as evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, the reducing power test,or the chelating power assay. However, the benzophenone displayed potent activity in the ex vivo model of the neutrophil respiratory burst, inhibiting the generation of superoxide anions in a dose-dependent manner. When the respiratory burst was triggered by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, a chemotactic peptide, the 50% effective concentration (EC50) was 41.18 lg/107 cells. When phagocytes were stimulated directly through protein kinase C via phorbol, the EC50 was 34.3 lg/106cells. The results indicated that 7-epiclusianone was able to down-regulate inflammatory phagocyte superoxide anion release through a mechanism controlled by tyrosine protein phosphorylation and by a direct stimulation of protein kinase C. These findings could lead to new therapeutic approaches for inflammation management and the development of new drugs.
Annona montana Fruit and Leaves Improve the Glycemic and Lipid Profiles of Wistar Rats
Sandra Maria Barbalho,Maricelma da Silva Soares de Souza,Patrı´cia Cincotto dos Santos Bueno,Elen Landgraf Guiguer,,Fla´via Maria Vasques Farinazzi-Machado,Adriano Cressoni Arau´jo,Carla Omete Menegui 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.10
Species of the family Annonaceae has been used traditionally as a medicinal plant in tropical regions of South and North America and in Africa. Annona montana is known popularly as false graviola and originates from tropical America and can be cultivated throughout Brazil. There are no studies in the literature that associate A. montana with the metabolic profile of animals. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to assess the effects of the consumption of pulp and leaves of this plant on the metabolic profile of Wistar rats. The animals, which were treated for 40 days, were divided into two control groups—treated with water via gavage and ad libitum, respectively, and two treated groups—one treated with leaf juice and the other with pulp juice of the fruit. Glycemia, lipids, and body weight were found to decrease and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels to increase in the animals treated with leaf juice. The group treated with pulp juice showed a reduction in lipids and augmented HDL-c. The use of A. montana may have beneficial effects in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia and may thus contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Flá,via Nardes,Alexandra Prufer de Queiroz Campos Araú,jo,Má,rcia Gonç,alves Ribeiro,Maí,ta Bittar,Hanid Fontes Gomes 대한소아신경학회 2020 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.28 No.2
Purpose: Given that intellectual disability affects 15% to 63% of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), it is relevant to evaluate if the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a reliable test for screening in these cognitively impaired boys. Methods: A descriptive study of 74 DMD boys was performed. Age, years of schooling, genotype, and performance in the MMSE and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)-IV were verified. Results: Sixty-seven patients, with a mean of age 12.1±3 years were enrolled. Verbal comprehension (76.9±13.9) and working memory (71.2±16.7) indexes showed the highest impairment. Correlation between the MMSE (20.3±6.1) and WISC-IV (74.4±15.6) was moderate (r=0.556). Conclusion: The MMSE is a good cognitive screening test for DMD patients of 9 years and older, particularly in countries where the public health system does not provide expensive neuropsychological batteries, and has 78% accuracy and 82% sensitivity for scores ≤21. Subtests of the MMSE with better discriminatory power (for orientation, attention, and calculation) can help educators, teachers, and families to develop simple activities or academic games that enhance such mental skills.
Another Motive of being a Good Corporate Citizen : Evidence from Securities Class Action Lawsuits
Daewoung Choi,M. Tony Via,Weiwei Zhang 한국재무학회 2018 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.05
In this study, we investigate the potential relationship between a firm’s CSR activities and corporate securities class action lawsuits. We conjecture that a firm’s CSR engagements could be driven by the potential reputation loss in case of lawsuits. We find that the incidence of a corporate lawsuit has a significant and positive impact on a firm’s CSR activities subsequently. In addition, firms achieve their higher CSR score by boosting their CSR strengths scores following the litigation. We employ the state lawsuit ease index and the state lawsuit intensity index in a two stage least squares methodology to establish the causality of lawsuits on a firm’s CSR activities. We additionally document the causal effect of other corporate misconduct on firm CSR activities, i.e., earnings management and restatements. Our results support the notion that firms strategically use CSR to alleviate reputational loss due to securities lawsuits or earnings manipulation.