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Measures for a Better Youth Development Environment in European Professional Football
Tom Vermeire,Matteo Balliauw,Thomas Verlinden 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2024 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.9 No.1
Both UEFA and the EU institutions favour the local training of young sports players, to guarantee a healthy development of European sports and their players. Recent empirical research supports the idea that professional football players need initial experience in a domestic first team to realise successful careers, a requirement that is threatened by increasing international youth player mobility. Existing measures are scarce, mainly focus on a legal perspective and do not realise the envisaged objectives. This study has the objective to develop new measures to more easily retain young talents in their European domestic league, without limiting the free movement of professional players. This paper’s main contribution is the proposition of flexible, quantitative measures, based on microeconomic models, to (1) create a level playing field for player wages to increase the domestic league’s attractiveness for domestic players, (2) curtail player loans and (3) better reward clubs’ youth training efforts, while at the same time discouraging adverse international youth transfers. The impact on the overall competitive balance between leagues is assessed as well.
Mihaela Iordachescu,Heidi Bowman,Kentaro Sasaki,Ryozo Imai,Shigeru Satoh,Sven Verlinden 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.5
CEBP, a nuclear-encoded chloroplast protein, has been previously cloned as a putative transcription factor involved in ethylene signaling in carnation development and senescence. In order to more clearly define CEBP role and function, we carried out experiments to define its pattern of mRNA abundance and possible subcellular localization. Changes in CEBP mRNA abundance showed a dramatic drop from anthesis to open flower stage of development immediately preceding the ethylene climacteric associated with flower senescence. A similar but less dramatic decrease in CEBP was observed upon ethylene exposure, again before endogenous climacteric ethylene was observed. The pattern of CEBP mRNA abundance suggests a response to or involvement in the initial steps of the petal senescence process. GFP co-localization showed that a GFP–CEBP construct was directed to the nucleus, whereas a CEBP–GFP construct localized to the chloroplast. Nuclear localization was expected as CEBP was cloned as an ethylene-responsive element-binding protein or transcription factor. The role and function of CEBP in the chloroplast, however, remains unclear. Future lines of inquiry based on our results are discussed.
Numerical investigation on residual stress in photovoltaic laminates after lamination
Q. Z. Zhang,B. F. Shu,M. B. Chen,Q. B. Liang,C. Fan,Z. Q. Feng,P. J. Verlinden 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.2
A series of simulations were carried out to investigate the residual stress induced in the photovoltaic laminate during the cooling processafter lamination with a global model and several submodels. The simulations focus separately on the effects of the cooling rate, thecell layout and anisotropy on the residual stress and deformation of the photovoltaic laminate in a comparative manner with the finiteelement method. The results have shown that significant stress concentration and twist occurs in the interconnection region in the cell. Inaddition, different cooling rates, cell layouts and anisotropy only influence the largest stress rather than the stress distribution and deformation. Therefore, the results of a uniform stationary isotropic model with fewer cells can provide enough insight into the stress distributionin real photovoltaic laminates and the modified largest first principal stress can be used for design and verification.