http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Chun Kiat Lee,Hong Kai Lee,Christopher Wei Siong Ng,Lily Chiu,Julian Wei-Tze Tang,Tze Ping Loh,Evelyn Siew-Chuan Koay 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.3
Owing to advancements in molecular diagnostics, recent years have seen an increasing number of laboratories adopting respiratory viral panels to detect respiratory pathogens. In December 2015, the NxTAG respiratory pathogen panel (NxTAG RPP) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. We compared the clinical performance of this new assay with that of the xTAG respiratory viral panel (xTAG RVP) FAST v2 using 142 clinical samples and 12 external quality assessment samples. Discordant results were resolved by using a laboratory-developed respiratory viral panel. The NxTAG RPP achieved 100% concordant negative results and 86.6% concordant positive results. It detected one coronavirus 229E and eight influenza A/H3N2 viruses that were missed by the xTAG RVP FAST v2. On the other hand, the NxTAG RPP missed one enterovirus/rhinovirus and one metapneumovirus that were detected by FAST v2. Both panels correctly identified all the pathogens in the 12 external quality assessment samples. Overall, the NxTAG RPP demonstrated good diagnostic performance. Of note, it was better able to subtype the influenza A/H3N2 viruses compared with the xTAG RVP FAST v2.
Ocean Park Hong Kong: The Risen Dead Miracle of Hong Kong
Terence Chun-Ho CHEUNG,Cheryl Tze-Ying AW,Jessica Chun-Ying CHAN,Jeni Yin-Ming CHEUNG Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2015 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.1 No.2
The purpose of this study is to identify the strategies that Ocean Park used to face different kinds of threats and challenges, and discover the success factors that transformed the park from a local theme park with little global vision and recognition into one of the most popular amusement parks in the world. The major challenges include the Financial Crisis in 1997, the closure of Water Park in 1999, the outbreak of SARS in 2003 and, most critically, the emergence of Hong Kong Disneyland in 2005. Based on our analysis on relevant data, we found that the key success factors of Ocean Park are speedy repositioning and flexible in coping with major challenges by adopting relevant strategic actions such as (1) redefining the market position, (2) adding innovative attraction, education, and charity programs, (3) creating effective social cause marketing with UNICEF, and (4) committing to major redevelopment programs. We believe that Ocean Park will have great development and performance if it maintains these factors. Hopefully, this study will be useful in understanding and exploring the success of a theme park or a business in Hong Kong.
Chun Kiat Lee,Chean Nee Chai,Sharah Mae Capinpin,Alynn Ang,Sau Yoke Ng,Peak Ling Lee,Christopher Wai Siong Ng,Gabriel Yan,Hong Kai Lee,Lily-Lily Chiu,Roland Jureen,Benedict Yan,Tze Ping Loh 대한진단검사의학회 2018 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.38 No.5
Background: Human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are responsible for a plethora of human diseases, of which cutaneous and mucocutaneous infections are the most prevalent. In its most severe form, HSV infection can cause meningitis/encephalitis. We compared the Luminex ARIES HSV 1&2 assay (Luminex Corp., Austin, TX, USA), an automated sample-to-result molecular solution, to two non-automated HSV DNA assays. Methods: A total of 116 artificial controls were used to determine the analytical performance of the ARIES assay. Controls were prepared by spiking universal transport medium (UTM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients who tested negative for HSV by an in-house HSV-1 and -2 DNA assay with reference materials (SeraCare Life Sciences, MA, USA; ZeptoMetrix Corp., MA, USA). Another 117 clinical samples were then used to compare the clinical performance of the ARIES assay with those of an in-house assay and the FTD Neuro 9 assay (Fast Track Diagnostics, Junglinster, Luxembourg). Results: The analytical sensitivity (95% limit of detection) of the ARIES assay was 318 copies/mL (UTM samples) and 935 copies/mL (CSF samples) for HSV-1 strain 96 and 253 copies/mL (UTM samples) and 821 copies/mL (CSF samples) for HSV-2 strain 09. No cross-reactivity was observed in samples spiked with 14 non-HSV microorganisms. Compared with the reference result (agreement between the in-house and FTD Neuro 9 results), the ARIES assay had overall concordance rates of 98.2% (111/113) and 100% (113/113) for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively. Conclusions: The ARIES assay appears to be an excellent alternative for rapid detection and differentiation of HSV in skin and genital infections, meningitis, and encephalitis.
An Objective Approach to Deriving the Clinical Performance of Autoverification Limits
Loh Tze Ping,Tan Rui Zhen,Lim Chun Yee,Markus Corey 대한진단검사의학회 2022 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.42 No.5
This study describes an objective approach to deriving the clinical performance of autoverification rules to inform laboratory practice when implementing them. Anonymized historical laboratory data for 12 biochemistry measurands were collected and Box-Cox-transformed to approximate a Gaussian distribution. The historical laboratory data were assumed to be error-free. Using the probability theory, the clinical specificity of a set of autoverification limits can be derived by calculating the percentile values of the overall distribution of a measurand. The 5th and 95th percentile values of the laboratory data were calculated to achieve a 90% clinical specificity. Next, a predefined tolerable total error adopted from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program was applied to the extracted data before subjecting to Box-Cox transformation. Using a standard normal distribution, the clinical sensitivity can be derived from the probability of the Z-value to the right of the autoverification limit for a one-tailed probability and multiplied by two for a two-tailed probability. The clinical sensitivity showed an inverse relationship with between-subject biological variation. The laboratory can set and assess the clinical performance of its autoverification rules that conforms to its desired risk profile.
Chuah Tyng Yu,Lim Chun Yee,Tan Rui Zhen,Pratumvinit Busadee,Loh Tze Ping,Vasikaran Samuel,Markus Corey 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.5
Functional reference limits describe key changes in the physiological relationship between a pair of physiologically related components. Statistically, this can be represented by a significant change in the curvature of a mathematical function or curve (e.g., an observed plateau). The point at which the statistical relationship changes significantly is the point of curvature inflection and can be mathematically modeled from the relationship between the interrelated biomarkers. Conceptually, they reside between reference intervals, which describe the statistical boundaries of a single biomarker within the reference population, and clinical decision limits that are often linked to the risk of morbidity or mortality and set as thresholds. Functional reference limits provide important physiological and pathophysiological insights that can aid laboratory result interpretation. Laboratory professionals are in a unique position to harness data from laboratory information systems to derive clinically relevant values. Increasing research on and reporting of functional reference limits in the literature will enhance their contribution to laboratory medicine and widen the evidence base used in clinical decision limits, which are currently almost exclusively contributed to by clinical trials. Their inclusion in laboratory reports will enhance the intellectual value of laboratory professionals in clinical care beyond the statistical boundaries of a healthy reference population and pave the way to them being considered in shaping clinical decision limits. This review provides an overview of the concepts related to functional reference limits, clinical examples of their use, and the impetus to include them in laboratory reports.
Pang Hung Wu,Eugene Tze-Chun Lau,김현성,Giovanni Grasso,장일태 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.1
Objective: There is a lack of literature on indirect decompression in uniportal endoscopic posterolateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (EPTLIF). Our aim is to evaluate the dimensions of the spinal canal and contralateral foramen before and after EPTLIF. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent EPTLIF in a tertiary spine centre over a 2-year period. The cross-sectional area of the spinal canal and the contralateral foramen at the level of fusion were measured on magnetic resonance imaging scan at 1-day postoperation and at the final follow-up. Patients were grouped according to the decompression performed as per the clinician’s judgement. Results: One hundred fifty-two levels of fusion were performed in 120 patients. There was a statistically significant clinical improvement in visual analogue scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores postoperation. The measurements of the spinal canal area were 106.0 mm2 , 138.8 mm2 , and 195.5 mm2 ; while contralateral foraminal area were 73.2 mm2 , 104.4 mm2 , and 120.7 mm2 at preoperation, 1-day postoperation, and at the final follow-up, respectively (p < 0.001). For the subgroup analyses, spinal canal area measurements for the bilateral decompression cohort (n = 35) were 57.0 mm2 , 123.9 mm2 , and 191.8 mm2 ; for the ipsilateral decompression cohort (n = 42) were 89.3 mm2 , 128.9 mm2 , 183.3 mm2 ; and for the cohort without any decompression and only cage inserted (n = 75) were 138.3 mm2 , 151.2 mm2 , and 204.1 mm2 (p < 0.001). Contralateral foraminal area measurements were 73.3 mm2 , 106.4 mm2 and 120.4 mm2 in the bilateral decompression cohort; 69.5 mm2 , 99.0 mm2 , 116.9 mm2 in the ipsilateral decompression cohort; and 75.1 mm2 , 106.5 mm2 , 122.9 mm2 in the cohort without any decompression (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Indirect decompression of both the spinal canal and the contralateral foramen can be achieved via EPTLIF. Decompression on an asymptomatic contralateral side is not necessary.