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Removal of Arsenic(III) from Groundwater using Low-Cost Industrial By-products-Blast Furnace Slag
Kanel, Sushil Raj,Choi, Heechul,Kim, Ju-Yong,Vigneswaran, Saravanamuthu,Shim, Wang Geun IWA Publishing 2006 Water quality research journal Vol.41 No.2
<P>Blast furnace slag (BFS), a steel industrial by-product, was tested for the removal of As(III), which is a highly toxic, mobile and predominant species in anoxic groundwater. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to determine the feasibility of BFS as an adsorbent for removing As(III) from groundwater as As(III) concentration and the pH of water were varied. The maximum As(III) adsorption capacity by BFS was 1.40 mg As(III)/g of BFS at 1 mg/L As(III) initial concentration, at 25°C, which was calculated using the Langmuir isotherm. The homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) was successfully applied to predict the sorptive removal of As(III) onto the BFS. Kinetic studies indicated that the film diffusion as well as surface diffusion of As in the BFS was involved. It was found that the film diffusion coefficient (k<SUB>f</SUB>) was 5.27 × 10<SUP>-5</SUP> to 4.06 × 10<SUP>-6</SUP> m/s and surface diffusion coefficient (Ds) was 2.31 × 10<SUP>-14</SUP> to 7.13 × 10<SUP>-14</SUP> m<SUP>2</SUP>/s for the initial As(III) concentrations of 0.1 to 100 mg/L. Oxidation of As(III) to As(V) and its adsorption/precipitation onto BFS is involved during the As(III) removal mechanism. It was also found that H<SUB>4</SUB>SiO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>0</SUP>, PO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>3-</SUP>, NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>, SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> and HCO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> are potential interferences in the As(III) adsorption reaction. Results suggest that 99.9% As(III) at 1 mg/L can be removed by 10 g/L BFS, which can be used as a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) material to remove As(III) from groundwater. Details of As(III) adsorption and coprecipitation systems and interferences of As(III) molecular interactions were also studied.</P>
Removal of Arsenate from Groundwater by Nano Scale Zero-Valent Iron
Sushil Raj Kanel,최희철(Hee Chul Choi) 대한환경공학회 2005 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.12
A highly efficient, versatile adsorbent, Nano-scale zero valent iron (NZVI) was synthesized and tested for the removal of aqueous phase arsenate, As(V), which is a highly toxic, mobile, and predominant arsenic species in oxidizing and aerobic groundwater. Batch experiments were performed to determine the feasibility of NZVI as an adsorbent for As(V) at neutral pH. The kinetics of As(V) sorption was found to be rapid and occurred on a scale of minutes. Initial As(V) concentration (1 mg/L) was almost completely adsorbed by 0.1 gL(-1) NZVI within 10 min. Laser light scattering (electrophoretic mobility measurement) confirmed NZVI-As (V) inner-sphere surface complexation. The sorption ability of NZVI was also monitored for 2 months to check for its long-term potential use as a colloidal reactive barrier material in deep groundwater treatment. We used SEM, BET surface area analyzer, and XRD to characterize particle size and morphology, specific surface area, and corrosion layers formed on pristine NZVI and As(V)-treated NZVI. Hydride Generator Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer determined arsenic. The results confirmed that NZVI has great potential to be used in ex-situ as well as in-situ remediation as a colloidal reactive barrier material in lieu of pump and treat approaches.
Application of Surface Modified Iron Nano Particle in Groundwater Remediation
Sushil Raj Kanel,Hee Chul Choi 대한환경공학회 2005 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.12
A highly efficient and versatile adsorbent, iron-nano-particle (INP) was synthesized in laboratory and stabilized by surfactant to make it mobile which is termed as surfactant stabilized iron nano particle (S-INP). The INP was dispersed in an aqueous phase in water using sonication to obtain S-INP. From scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) its size and morphology was analyzed. X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the chemical composition. The transport of S-INP was studied in laboratory column experiments by employing various porous media to delineate the characteristics of S-INP transport in the porous media under various experimental conditions. The potential application of S-INP for soil and groundwater treatment was tested with arsenic (As), which is highly toxic and carcinogenic element exists in groundwater. The results confirmed that S-INP has great potential to be used as an adsorbent for in-situ as well as for ex-situ treatment for arsenic remediation.