Risk of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage From Low-Energy Falls in the Oldest-Old Patients

Sung Kyu Kim,Ki Young Jeong,이종석,Han Sung Choi,홍훈표,고영관 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4

Background: The population of individuals classified as oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) has increased rapidly in recent years. The rates of morbidity from chronic diseases and physical dependence tend to be higher in the oldest-old compared with individuals classified as young-to-middle-old (aged 65-84 years). Therefore, the classification and evaluation of traumatic injuries in the oldest-old group are necessary. Herein we focused on the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in older patients. Methods: Patient medical records from the Emergency Department after low-energy falls that occurred between November 2014 and April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an older group (aged ≥65 years) and an adult group (aged 18-64 years); the older group was subdivided into the oldest-old group (aged ≥85 years) and a young-to-middle-old group (aged 65-84 years). The rate of intracranial hemorrhage and related factors were also investigated. Results: The older group had a greater risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage than the adult group (20% vs. 12.6%, p=0.019). Furthermore, more cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were found in the oldest-old group than in the young-to-middle-old group (37.5% vs. 18.0%, p=0.024). Similarly, the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the oldest-old was higher than in the young-to-middle-old group (p=0.032). Conclusion: The risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in the oldest-old patients was higher than in the young-to-middleold patients. Therefore, physicians need to pay particular attention to oldest-old patients, even to those with mental integrity and without neurological deficits.

AN IN-SITU YOUNG'S MODULUS MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS USING TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS

Choi, Young-Chul,Yoon, Doo-Byung,Park, Jin-Ho,Kwon, Hyun-Sang Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.3

Elastic wave is one of the most useful tools for non-destructive tests in nuclear power plants. Since the elastic properties are indispensable for analyzing the behaviors of elastic waves, they should be predetermined within an acceptable accuracy. Nuclear power plants are exposed to harsh environmental conditions and hence the structures are degraded. It means that the Young's modulus becomes unreliable and in-situ measurement of Young's modulus is required from an engineering point of view. Young's modulus is estimated from the group velocity of propagating waves. Because the flexural wave of a plate is inherently dispersive, the group velocity is not clearly evaluated in temporal signal analysis. In order to overcome such ambiguity in estimation of group velocity, Wigner-Ville distribution as the time-frequency analysis technique was proposed and utilized. To verify the proposed method, experiments for steel and acryl plates were performed with accelerometers. The results show good estimation of the Young's modulus of two plates.

젊은 성인에서 흡연에 의한 상완동맥 내피기능의 부전에 관한 연구

이상철,권영주,방덕원,이선해,이보영,김지욱,김영훈,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.1

Background and Objectives : Cigarette smoking is a major factor and the most modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis, before the structural change of the systemic arteries. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction might be present in the systemic arteries of young adult smokers and that this might be dose-dependent phenomenon. Therefore, we try to certify that smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults without other risk factor of atherosclerosis. Subjects and Methods : we studied noninvasively 29 subjects aged 3 to 4 decades without other risk factor of atherosclerosis, they were composed of the two groups, current smokers(n=15) and nonsmokers(n=14). Smoking history varied from 3 to 20 pack years. Using high-resolution ultrasound, vessel diameter and mean flow rate were measured at rest, during reactive hyperemia(with flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation), and after sublingual nitroglycerin(NG-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation). Result : Flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation was observed in the control subjects (9.4±3.44%) but was impaired in the smokers(5.8±2.51%)(p=0.004). NG-induced endothelium independent dilation is no difference in all subjects. Conclusion : Cigarette smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction in healthy young adults.

Dynamic Young's Modulus and Internal Friction in Polycrystalline Copper

Kang, Chang-Seog,Chang, Si-Young,Hong, Sung-Kil 대한금속재료학회 2003 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.9 No.5

An attempt has been made to measure the temperature dependence of dynamic Young's modulus together with the related variation of internal friction in polycrystalline copper. A mechanical spectroscopy study was employed using a standard servo hydraulic fatigue testing machine equipped with a scanning laser extensometer. Dynamic Young's modulus and internal friction were measured over a temperature range of 298 to 873 K at very low frequencies of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 Hz. One internal friction peak was observed over the ranges 450 to 700 K, together with marked decreases in the dynamic Young's modulus in the same temperature range. From a quantitative analysis of the experimental data with the relaxation strength, relaxation time, and activation energy, it is concluded that the peak phenomenon is due to grain-boundary sliding relaxation.

연령집단에 따른 노인의 허약(Frailty) 예측요인 분석

조성은 ( Cho Sung Eun ),최은영 ( Choi Eun Young ),오영삼 ( Oh Young Sam ),김영선 ( Kim Young Sun ),김성복 ( Kim Seong Bok ) 한국보건사회연구원 2017 保健社會硏究 Vol.37 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 연령집단에 따른 허약의 예측요인을 분석하는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 위해 2014년 노인실태조사를 사용하여 총 4,123명을 분석의 대상으로 설정하였다. 허약을 예측하는데 있어 연령의 중요성을 고려하여, 본 연구는 대상자를 75세 이상 85세 미만의 중 고령노인집단(n=3,373명)과 85세 이상의 초 고령노인집단(n=750명)으로 분류하여 연구모형을 검증하였다. 중 고령노인집단에서 전 허약노인과 허약노인은 각각 1453명(약 43%), 1,268명(약 37%)으로 나타났으며, 초 고령노인 집단에서 전 허약과 허약노인은 304명(약 40%), 396명(약 52%)으로 나타났다. 회귀분석의 결과 건강단계에서 허약전 단계로 진입하는 예측요인은 중 고령노인집단에서는 여성, 낮은 교육수준, 많은 만성질환, 낙상 유경험자, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 허약 전 단계를 예측하는 유의한 변인으로 밝혀졌으며 초 고령노인집단은 여성, 높은 우울, 낮은 사회활동이 유의한 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 허약 전 단계에서 허약 단계로의 진입을 예측하는 요인으로는 중 고령노인집단은 여성, 높은 연령, 미취업, 많은 만성질환, 낙상 유경험자, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 유의한 변인이었으며, 초 고령노인 집단은 높은 연령, 많은 만성질환, 높은 우울, 낮은 인지기능이 유의한 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 연령의 세분화와 다각적인 요인의 접근으로 허약의 예측요인을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구를 통해 밝혀진 예측요인은 추후 허약에 대한 다각적 연구의 기초자료로서 활용되리라 기대한다. This study aims to investigate the predictors of frailty in different age groups. To address this purpose, this study used the 2014 Survey of the Living Conditions of the Elderly (SLCE). In the research model, 4,123 older adults aged 75 and older were included from the SLCE. All participants were subdivided into two age groups based on their age; the young old group (75-85) and the old-old group (85+). The young old group consisted of 1,453 (43%) pre-frail older adults and 1,268 (37%) frail older adults; the old-old group consisted of 304 (40%) pre-frail older adults and 396 (52%) frail older adults. Our regression analysis showed that in the young-old, being female, lower levels of education, having more chronic diseases, having fall experience, higher depression, lower cognitive functioning significantly predicted transition to pre-frailty from non-frail status. In the old-old, being female, higher depression, lower level of social activity were significant predictors. On the other hand, predictors of transition to frailty from pre-frail status in the young-old were being female, higher age, being unemployed, having more chronic diseases, having fall experience, higher depression, lower cognitive functioning. In the old-old, predictors of transition to frailty from pre-frail status were only higher age, having more chronic disease, higher depression, and lower cognitive functioning. The research findings can be used as a reference point in the making of strategies for preventing frailty.

노년기 주관적 연령과 건강노화와의 관계: 연령집단별 분석

최은영 ( Choi Eun Young ),조성은 ( Cho Sung Eun ),오영삼 ( Oh Young Sam ),장희수 ( Chang Hee Su ),김영선 ( Kim Young Sun ) 한국보건사회연구원 2017 保健社會硏究 Vol.37 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노년기 주관적 연령(스스로를 노인 혹은 비(非)노인으로 인지하는지 여부)과 건강노화와의 관계를 연령집단에 따라 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2014년 노인실태조사 대상자 중 연소노인(65~74세)과 고령노인(75~84세)을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 연구의 주목적인 주관적 연령과 건강노화 간의 관련성을 검증하기 위해 연소노인 및 고령노인 집단별로 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 관계는 연령집단별로 다른 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 연소노인에서 주관적 연령이 비(非)노인인 경우, 높은 수준의 인지기능과 적은 만성질환 수, 낮은 수준의 우울, 그리고 높은 수준의 사회활동 참여를 보이는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 반면, 고령노인인 경우 주관적 연령은 인지기능을 제외하고 건강노화의 다른 세 요소와 유의미한 관련이 없었다. 본 연구는 주관적 연령을 건강노화의 새로운 고려요소로 제시하여, 두 요소의 관련성을 통합적인 차원에서 살펴보았다는 의의가 있다. 또한 노인을 연령대에 따라 구별된 집단으로 살펴봄으로써, 주관적 연령과 건강노화의 연관성이 연령집단마다 상이한 양상을 보임을 밝혔다는 의의를 가진다. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between subjective age (whether one subjectively perceives himself as `the elderly` or `not the elderly`) and healthy aging. Using data from the 2014 National Elderly Survey (KIHASA), this study selected a total of 9,653 participants consisting of young-olds (aged 65-74) and old-olds (aged 75-84) For both the young-old and the old-old, multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the research model. In the young-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was significantly associated with higher cognitive functioning, fewer chronic diseases, lower depressive symptoms, and higher level of social engagement. On the other hand, in the old-old population, one`s considering oneself as “non-elderly” was associated only with higher cognitive functioning, and not with the other domains of healthy aging. The findings suggest that subjective age can be considered as an important predictors of older adults` healthy aging. These findings indicate that the association between subjective age and healthy aging has a different pattern depending on the age group.

Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

콘텍트렌즈 착용전후 측정기기별 굴절력에 관한 연구

성아영,이종헌,박상철,김상균,송경석 대불대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

Heine's Retinoscope is 100% dust proof and incorporates a unique Integrated Polarizing filter which eliminates all internal glare, providing for a clearer, brighter papillary reflex, enhancing performance and ease of examination, As a result of their data basis, we observed and analyzed which instrument has lesser occurring refracting aberration. Contact lens Wearers assuming best visual acuity lead 1.0(20/20) performed over refraction using Retinoscope. Auto Refractor, Auto Refrac-Keratometer and Suresight. The Auto refractor provides highly accurate measurement of patients refraction error. Auto Refrac-Keratometer provides precise and efficient refraction and Keratometry measurements and suggests contact lens base curve values. The automatic calculation of residual astigmatism assists in fitting RGP lenses. Also, suresight is a most convenient instrument for refraction. 30 contact lens wearers are chosen regardless of age, sex, and job. At least 30 minute after placing contact lens in each subjects eye, Performing over refraction by use of Retinoscope, Auto refractor, Auto refrac-Keratometer and suresight. Then presenting each results by graph in consist of spherical part, cylinder, axis, left eye and right eye separately.

꽃송이버섯(Sparassis crispa)의 균사생장 최적화

서상영 외 한국버섯학회 2005 한국버섯학회지 Vol.3 No.2

농촌진흥청 응용미생물과와 농가에서 수집한 꽃송이버섯 균주의 배양적 특성을 조사하였다. 기본배지는 감자 추출물을 이용한 PBA, PDA, PDM 배지에서 균사생장이 양호한 경향이었고, 특히 대나무톱밥 추출물이 함유된 PBA 배지에서 균사생장 및 밀도가 가장 좋았다. 꽃송이버섯 균사의 최적 배양온도는 25℃이었으며, 30℃ 이상에서는 균사생장이 전혀 이루어지지 않았다. 최적 pH 조건은 모든 균주가 pH 5.0에서 균사생장 및 밀도가 양호하였다. 대부분 균주가 pH 4.0에서 균사생장은 좋았으나 밀도가 현저히 낮은 경향이었지만, SC12 균주는 pH 4.0에서도 균사생장이 양호하였다. 탄소원은 단당류인 glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose와 이당류인 maltose에서 균사생장이 양호하고 밀도가 높았다. 이중 가장 경제적인 탄소원 glucose를 1.0∼1.5% 농도로 처리하였을 때 균사생장이 양호하였다. 질소원은 threonine, peptone, glycine, glutamine 그리고 valine을 첨가한 배지에서 균사생장이 양호하고 밀도가 높았으며, 질소원 peptone을 0.3% 처리하였을 때 균사생장 및 밀도가 가장 좋았다. This study was carried out to obtain the basic data on artificial culture of Sparassis crispa. The mycelial growth and density were good in the PBA, PDA and PDM media, and especially prominent in the PBA medium. The optimum condition for the mycelial growth was 25℃ and pH 5.0, respectively. The carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose(monosaccharide) and maltose(disaccharide) were favorable to mycelial growth of S crispa. The optimal concentration of glucose is 1.0∼1.5%. As nitrogen sources, threonine, peptone, glycine, glutamine and valine appeared to be favorable to the mycelial growth and density. The optimal concentration of peptone is 0.3%.

일산신도시 아파트 전도시스템 모델 개발

성백,박용학 한국기독교교육정보학회 2004 기독교교육정보 Vol.8 No.-

While there have been many researches on evangelism, there have been only a few researches on effects of affective domain of evangelism, and most of researches on the effects of academic achievement of evangelism method. Also, there have been few researches on evangelism system. It is, therefore, necessary to develop and to analyze effects of ESM. And it is also necessary to study on faith attitude according to evangelism method. In this regard, I made an attempt to analyze influence and interaction effect between evangelism methods. In order to achieve the purpose above, a research was carried out applied to the 346 christians of G local church located in Iisan. According to evangelism method, testees were divided into 4 groups. The analysis of result data was made though ANOVA and T-test. The research findings are as follow There was significant difference between the group of ESM and the one of traditional evangelism method(TEM) in evangelism result. It can be interpreted that evangelism results and faith attitude are significantly high when newtown evangelism is presented to ESM rather than TEM. After it is necessary to continually studies to apply ESM to other area. Also, it is necessary to studies according to characters, SES(social economic status), area-environment of target people.