Development of a Mobile Application, "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", for Identification of Plants in Bukhansan National Park

Kim, Sang-Tae,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Kim, Seung-Chul,Byun, Hye-Won,Lee, Sang-Tae,Kim, Mu-Yeal,Hong, Seok-Pyo,Chung, Young-Jae,Park, Ki-Ryong,Lee, Chung-Hee,Lee, Joong-Ku,Heo, Kyeong-In,Lee, Ji-Ye,Lee, Eun-Je National Science Museum of Korea 2011 Journal of Korean nature Vol.4 No.3

We developed the educational purpose mobile application, named "Wild Flowers of Bukhansan National Park (version 1.0)", aiming for easy identification of wild flowers for students and visitors in the park. When visitors find a flower or part of plant in the park, visitors can search for its name utilizing the pictures and characters provided in their own smartphone mobile devices or tablet PCs. The application provides pictures of wild flowers in the park and character-based searching system based on 12 diagnostic features (e.g., growth form, leaf arrangement, flower symmetry, petal color, petal number, sepal number, etc). We adopted the complete floristic survey of Chung and Lee (1962) and added species that we confirmed their distribution in the park during the development of this application. In summary, number of vascular plants in this park was estimated to be 428 taxa including 100 families, 280 genera, 327 species, 1 subspecies, 50 varieties, and 5 formas. We provided a total of 588 pictures representing 358 taxa and each taxon includes multiple pictures in many cases. Included identification quizzes can be an efficient educational tool as well as fun activity for students and visitors who are learning plant species in Korea. Our next step will include GPS function in the application for indicating visitor's location and for providing previously reported sites of the species that we interested in the map of the park. The future application which includes GPS function will be a valuable tool for the monitoring of rare plants, plant researches related to the climate changes, etc. We currently provide Korean iPhone version only, and English version and both of android versions will be serviced soon.

한반도 서남부 지역에 서식하는 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans) 번식기 울음소리 연구

김성진(Sung-Jin Kim),박종길(Jong-Gil Park),홍길표(Gil-Pyo Hong),채희영(Hee-Young Chae) 한국조류학회II 2008 한국조류학회지 Vol.15 No.2

포획조사를 실시하여 동정된 개체를 대상으로 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans)의 번식기 울음소리를 녹음하였으며 다도해(홍도), 월출산(춘양리, 도갑사, 금릉경포대)으로부터 총 8개체 240 song을 녹음 분석하였다. 조사지역별 번식기 울음소리의 동질성 검사를 통해 통일 집단 여부 분석결과 다도해(홍도 n=3; 72 song)와 월출산(춘양리 n=3; 80 song, 도갑사 n=1; 68 song, 금릉경포대 n=1; 20 song)에서 모든 조사지역의 개체들이 동일 집단을 형성하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 동일 장소에서 녹음한 다도해 홍도 3 개체와 월출산 춘양리 3 개체만이 각각 동일 집단을 형성하였다. 번식기 울음소리의 유형은 다도해(홍도) 5 개, 월출산(춘양리) 5 개, 월출산(도갑사) 4 개, 월출산(금릉경포대) 4 개로 나타났다. 홍도와 춘양리 두 집단의 각각의 상관분석 결과 NNWP와 NNSP, COM이 강한 음의 상관관계(홍도 R=-0.97, 춘양리 R=-0.95)를 나타내었으며, NNSP와 COM이 일치하는 것(두 집단 모두 R=1.00)으로 나타나 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 번식기 울음소리의 경향을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 전체의 번식기 울음소리는 일관되게 A, B 유형의 두 가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 번식기 울음소리의 두 가지 유형을 T 검정 결과 NNWP, MIWP, DWP, NNSP, MASP, DSP, COM 요인에서 차이가 나타났다(P<0.01). 번식기 울음소리 유형의 조사지역별 및 각 집단 간의 차이는 동종 개체군간의 경쟁 및 번식 전략의 선택과 같은 생태학적 요인과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 번식기 울음소리 발달상의 변이에 의해 개체별 변이가 나타나는 것으로 판단된다. Communicative interaction are the essence of all animal societies, so it is appropriate to examine communication as a way to gain insight into social structure and thereby generate hypotheses about genetic structure. It is worth pointing out a suggestive pattern in the class Aves, with respect to the approach to genetic population structure by study of vocal communication. Last study of Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone overlooked for distribution and song structure between subspecies. This study is Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans distribution and song structure of the population in South-West Korea. Population distribution researched by banding. Identified Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans record total 8 individuals 240 songs in Hong island, Dadohae National Park and Chunyang-ri; Dogap temple; Kumneung Kyungpo post, Wolchulsan National Park. song homogenity (MANOVA) analyzed each study area. Only the individual which records from identical place formed identical group. Each study site has 5 song types in Hong island and Chunyang-ri, 4 song types in Dogap temple and Kumneung Kyungpo post. But analyzed of all Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song divided A or B type with parameters (NNWP, NNSP, and COM). Paired t-test against A or B type of song differed from most parameter significant (P<0.01). We analyzed correlation between Hong Is. and Cunyang-ri in sample size, each region was related to negative correlation (Hong Is.: R=-97, Chunyang-ri: R=-95; P<0.01). Moreover, we analyzed NNSP and COM which are accord with correlation (R=1.00). Difference of each study site of song type are thought to intra-species male-male competition and selection of breeding strategy. In addition, repertoire size difference in each site are thought to received the effect of the variation of song development and cultural mutation. Variable variation, that even only affected to song type and repertoire size, and so Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song study have to much investigation.

Distribution of the Fairy Pitta (Pitta nympha) in the South Korea: A focus on protected areas

Gil-Pyo Hong(홍길표),Jae-Hoon Kim(김재훈),Seul-Gi Seo(서슬기),So-Yeon Cho(조소연),Bo-Yeon Hwang(황보연),Jong-Hyun Park(박종현),Seung-Yeon Lee(이승연),Ga-Young Kim(김가영),Wan-Hee Nam(남완희),Ha-Cheol Sung(성하철) 한국조류학회 2021 한국조류학회지 Vol.28 No.2

국내 팔색조(Pitta nympha) 분포 현황을 알아보고자 전국 국립공원 등 보호지역 중심으로 총 19개 지역을 조사하였고, 전문가 네트워크를 통해 자료를 보강하였다. 전국 19개 지역을 조사한 결과 북한산, 지리산 등 내륙지역 7개 국립공원에서는 팔색조가 확인되지 않았고, 경남 거제, 남해, 해남, 장흥 고흥 등 남해안과 인접한 12개 지역에서 팔색조 서식이 확인되었다. 또한 전문가 네트워크를 통해 수집한 팔색조 출현 위치 정보 82건을 분석한 결과, 전국 8개 광역지자체 모두 팔색조 서식이 확인되었고, 내륙지역(26.8%)보다 해안지역(73.2%)에서 더 많이 출현하였다. 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 우리나라의 팔색조는 주로 제주도와 남해안 지역을 중심으로 많이 분포하며, 그 보다 적은 개체수가 내륙 지역에 넓게 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. The present study investigated the current distribution of Fairy Pitta (Pitta nympha) in South Korea. A total of 19 study areas, including protected areas such as national and provincial parks in South Korea were surveyed, and additional data obtained from an expert network. According to the results, Fairy Pitta was absent in seven inland national parks, including Mt. Bukhan and Chiri parks. Fairy Pitta inhabited 12 areas near the southern coast of South Korea, including Geoje, Namhae, Haenam, Jangheung, Goheung, and Gyeongnam Province. The analysis results of 82 datasets obtained from experts with regard to the locations where Fairy Pitta have been spotted showed that the bird inhabits all the eight metropolitan regions in South Korea, and is more frequently spotted in coastal areas (73.2%) than in inland areas (26.8%). The findings demonstrate that Fairy Pitta is mainly distributed in Jeju Island and the southern coast of South Korea, and is distributed in inland areas at relatively lower numbers.

Effects of physically effective neutral detergent fibre content on dry-matter intake, digestibility and chewing activity in beef cattle fed total mixed ration

Park, Jae Hyun,Kim, Kyoung Hoon,Park, Pyo Jam,Jeon, Byong Tae,Oh, Mi Rae,Jang, Se Yeong,Sung, Si Heung,Moon, Sang Ho CSIRO Publishing 2015 Animal Production Science Vol.55 No.2

<P> Our aim in this study was to determine the effects of physically effective neutral detergent fibre (peNDF) in a total mixed ration (TMR) on feed intake, digestibility and chewing activity in beef cattle. The experiment had a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square desig, using three fattening Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers with ruminal cannulas. Steers were offered one of three diets (high, medium or low peNDF content) obtained by mixing the same TMR for different periods of time (5, 13 and 25 min). peNDF content of TMR was calculated as [total chewing time/NDF intake (kg)] × dietary NDF content, and the proportion of sample dry matter (DM) collected in a ≥1.18-mm sieve is commonly used as the physical effectiveness factor in the equation. The peNDF1.18 contents of the high, medium and low diets were 25.97%, 21.10% and 17.94% (P < 0.05). In addition, the proportion of particles collected on the 19-mm, 1.18-mm, and pan sieves changed linearly with an increase of TMR mixing time. Mean particle-size distributions of diets were 11.43, 24.11, 30.70 and 33.68 for 19 mm, 8 mm, 1.18 mm and pan, respectively. Eating rate and ruminating and chewing efficiencies were significantly decreased with reduced peNDF content, and DM intake was increased significantly (P < 0.05). Lower peNDF content reduced the total number of chews significantly (P < 0.05). Total time spent chewing associated with eating was not affected by peNDF contents. Digestibility of DM, crude protein and crude fat decreased with reducing peNDF content in the diet, but there was no significant difference among the three groups. These results indicated that peNDF affects intake, digestibility and chewing activity in beef cattle. Therefore, high levels of peNDF appears to improve TMR, as it can increase efficiency and may prevent ruminal disorders in Hanwoo steer. </P>

<i>In situ</i> control of oxygen vacancies in TiO₂ by atomic layer deposition for resistive switching devices

Park, Sang-Joon,Lee, Jeong-Pyo,Jang, Jong Shik,Rhu, Hyun,Yu, Hyunung,You, Byung Youn,Kim, Chang Soo,Kim, Kyung Joong,Cho, Yong Jai,Baik, Sunggi,Lee, Woo IOP Pub 2013 Nanotechnology Vol.24 No.29

<P>Oxygen vacancies (V<SUB>O</SUB>) have profound effects on the physical and chemical performance of devices based on oxide materials. This is particularly true in the case of oxide-based resistive random access memories, in which memory switching operation under an external electrical stimulus is closely associated with the migration and ordering of the oxygen vacancies in the oxide material. In this paper, we report on a reliable approach to <I>in situ</I> control of the oxygen vacancies in TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> films. Our strategy for tight control of the oxygen vacancy is based on the utilization of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of titanium oxide under precisely regulated decomposition of the precursor molecules (titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide, Ti[OCH(CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUB>4</SUB>) by plasma-activated reactant mixture (N<SUB>2</SUB>+O<SUB>2</SUB>). From the various spectroscopic and microstructural analyses by using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy, and spectroscopic ellipsometry, we found that the precursor decomposition power (<I>R</I><SUB>F</SUB>) of plasma-activated reactant mixture determines not only the oxygen vacancy concentration but also the crystallinity of the resulting TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> film: nanocrystalline anatase TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> with fewer oxygen vacancies under high <I>R</I><SUB>F</SUB>, while amorphous TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> with more oxygen vacancies under low <I>R</I><SUB>F</SUB>. Enabled by our controlling capability over the oxygen vacancy concentration, we were able to thoroughly elucidate the effect of oxygen vacancies on the resistive switching behavior of TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>-based memory capacitors (Pt/TiO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>/Pt). The electrical conduction behavior at the high resistance state could be explained within the framework of the trap-controlled space-charge-limited conduction with two characteristic transition voltages. One is the voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>SCL</SUB>) for the transition from Ohmic conduction to space-charge-limited conduction, and the other is the voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>TFL</SUB>) for transition from space-charge-limited conduction to trap-filled-limited conduction. In this work, we have disclosed for the first time the dependence of these two characteristic transition voltages (i.e., <I>V</I><SUB>SCL</SUB> and <I>V</I><SUB>TFL</SUB>) on the oxygen vacancy concentration.</P>

Frequency and circular‐polarization switchable microstrip antenna for dynamic spectrum allocation

Pyo, Seongmin,Jo, Han‐,Shin,Park, Sung‐,Ho,Park, Jong‐,Sung,Lee, Hyungjoo John Wiley Sons, Inc. 2018 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.60 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>This article presents a novel frequency‐reconfigurable microstrip antenna supported with an opposite circular polarization sense for dynamic spectrum allocation. The degenerate TM<SUB>10</SUB> and TM<SUB>01</SUB> frequencies are designed by using the distinctly separated electrical delay depending on the H‐shaped slot along the feeding positions for generating circularly polarized waves. In addition, the circularly polarization sense is controlled by changing the status of the pin diode because the switched vertical path affects only TM<SUB>10</SUB> frequency without changing horizontal TM<SUB>01</SUB> frequency. To verify the feasibility of the proposed antenna, the conceptual equivalent circuit is established and the experimental validation is carried out. The implemented antenna successfully demonstrates frequency‐reconfigurable capability with opposite circular polarizations and shows a good agreement with the simulation results.</P>

Highly reliable switching <i>via</i> phase transition using hydrogen peroxide in homogeneous and multi-layered GaZnO_<i>x</i>-based resistive random access memory devices

Park, Sung Pyo,Yoon, Doo Hyun,Tak, Young Jun,Lee, Heesoo,Kim, Hyun Jae The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.44

<P>Here, we propose an effective method for improving the resistive switching characteristics of solution-processed gallium-doped zinc oxide (GaZnO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>) resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices using hydrogen peroxide. Our results imply that solution processed GaZnO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> RRAM devices could be one of the candidates for the development of low cost RRAM.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Here, we propose an effective method for improving the resistive switching characteristics of solution-processed gallium-doped zinc oxide (GaZnO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>) resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices using hydrogen peroxide. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cc10209f'> </P>

Small-dose-sensitive X-ray image pixel with HgI2 photoconductor and amorphous oxide thin-film transistor.

Park, Jae Chul,Jeon, Pyo Jin,Kim, Jin Sung,Im, Seongil Wiley-VCH 2015 Advanced Healthcare Materials Vol.4 No.1

<P>A new X-ray image sensor is demonstrated with an oxide thin-film transistor backplane and HgI2 sensing material. It displays outstanding image quality under a low X-ray exposure and a low electric field. It is promising as a state-of-the-art device to realize highly resolved images at a low X-ray dose for a variety of medical X-ray imaging applications.</P>

Cyanide poisoning deaths detected at the NFS HQ in Seoul of Korea : A six year survey (2005-2010)

Sang ki Lee,Jongsook Rhee,Jinmi Jung,Hyesun Yeom,Hansun Lee,Myoungyun Pyo,Yoosin Park,Heesun Chung 한국법과학회 2011 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

Purification and Characterization of a Collagenase from the Mackerel, Scomber japonicus

( Pyo Jam Park ),( Sang Hoon Lee ),( Hee Guk Byun ),( Seo Hyun Kim ),( Se Kwon Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.35 No.6

Collagenase from the internal organs of a mackerel was purified using acetone precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sephadex A-50, gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-100, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, and gel filtration chromatography on a Sephadex G-75 column. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 14.8 kDa by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE. The purification and yield were 39.5-fold and 0.1% when compared to those in the starting-crude extract. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were around pH 7.5 and 55℃, respectively. The K_m and V_max of the enzyme for collagen Type I were approximately 1.1 mM and 2,343 U, respectively. The purified enzyme was strongly inhibited by Hg^2+, Zn^2+, PMSF, TLCK, and the soybean-trypsin inhibitor.