Identifying the leaders and main conspirators of the attacks in terrorist networks

Abhay Kumar Rai(Abhay Kumar Rai ),Sumit Kumar(Sumit Kumar ) 한국전자통신연구원 2022 ETRI Journal Vol.44 No.6

This study proposes a novel method for identifying the primary conspirators involved in terrorist activities. To map the information related to terrorist activities, we gathered information from different sources of real cases involving terrorist attacks. We extracted useful information from available sources and then mapped them in the form of terrorist networks, and this mapping provided us with insights in these networks. Furthermore, we came up with a novel centrality measure for identifying the primary conspirators of a terrorist attack. Because the leaders of terrorist attacks usually direct conspirators to conduct terrorist activities, we designed a novel algorithm that can identify such leaders. This algorithm can identify terrorist attack leaders even if they have less connectivity in networks. We tested the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms on four real-world datasets and conducted an experimental evaluation, and the proposed algorithms could correctly identify the primary conspirators and leaders of the attacks in the four cases. To summarize, this work may provide information support for security agencies and can be helpful during the trials of the cases related to terrorist attacks.

Experimental Validation of an IoT Based Device Selective Power Cut mechanism Using Power Line Carrier Communication for Smart Management of Electricity

Sumit Kumar Jindal,Kishan Kumar,Shulin Saraswat,Ajay Kumar,Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.1

There is a huge diff erence between electricity production and its demand. In order to meet the requirements, a selective power cut is carried out which is currently based on area and time. Although this is a simplistic solution, it has many drawbacks such as the area gets completely deprived of even the very basic appliances such as lights and fans, which do not contribute signifi cantly to the power consumption. This creates a need to come up with a solution so that no one gets deprived of using basic appliances at any time and still be able to reduce power consumption to fulfi ll the ever-growing demand. This work has dealt with the same by implementing a device selective protocol which can selectively cut power of particular devices depending on their energy rating, power rating, manufacturer etc. by the use of power line carrier communication. Hence, revolutionizing the whole concept of area selective power cut to device selective power cut. Since, IoT refers to a network of devices or “Things”, this work incorporates the basic principles of IoT by essentially creating a network of devices which can communicate with each other, over low bandwidth.

Realization of MOEMS pressure sensor using mach zehnder interferometer

Sumit Kumar Jindal,Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi,Ajay Kumar 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9

In this paper we first time realize the all optical pressure sensor using the Mach Zehnder interferometer. In this study, initially a circularshape clamped diaphragm is taken and pressure is applied. The deflection which is maximum at the centre is taken across a potentiometer(POT hereafter) and corresponding output voltage is noted. This voltage is applied across the electrode of Mach Zehnder Interferometer(MZI) and depending upon the specific value of electrode voltage the intensity of the optical signal varies, which provides theproper relation between the applied pressure and normalized intensity of the optical signal. The optical switching phenomena in the MZIstructure can be effectively used as an efficient pressure sensors. The paper includes the suitable expressions for the central deflection ofclamped edge pressure sensor diaphragm, the voltage output by POT and intensity of optical signal for MZI. The results are very effectivelysupported by the use of Solidworks and Opti-BPM. The error for the said parameters is also calculated and it is found in goodagreement with the desired results.

Oxidative Nanopeeling Chemistry-Based Synthesis and Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapeutic Applications of Plasmonic Core-Petal Nanostructures

Kumar, Amit,Kumar, Sumit,Rhim, Won-Kyu,Kim, Gyeong-Hwan,Nam, Jwa-Min American Chemical Society 2014 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.136 No.46

<P>The precise control of plasmonic nanostructures and their use for less invasive apoptotic pathway-based therapeutics are important but challenging. Here, we introduce a highly controlled synthetic strategy for plasmonic core-petal nanoparticles (CPNs) with massively branched and plasmonically coupled nanostructures. The formation of CPNs was facilitated by the gold chloride-induced oxidative disassembly and rupture of the polydopamine corona around Au nanoparticles and subsequent growth of Au nanopetals. We show that CPNs can act as multifunctional nanoprobes that induce dual photodynamic and photothermal therapeutic effects without a need for organic photosensitizers, coupled with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and allow for imaging and analyzing cells. Near-infrared laser-activated CPNs can optically monitor and efficiently kill cancer cells via apoptotic pathway by dual phototherapeutic effects and ROS-mediated oxidative intracellular damage with a relatively mild increase in temperature, low laser power, and short laser exposure time.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2014/jacsat.2014.136.issue-46/ja5085699/production/images/medium/ja-2014-085699_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja5085699'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Comparative Assessment on the Hot Deformation Behaviour of 9Cr–1Mo Steel with 1Cr–1Mo Steel

Sumit Kumar,Anish Karmakar,Sumeer K. Nath 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10

Hot forged 1Cr–1Mo and 9Cr–1Mo steels are being progressively used in the making of the turbine rotors of steam powerplants. Forging of these steels requires precise control of processing parameters (i.e. strain, strain rate and temperature) fora defect free product. In line with the above mentioned applications, a comparative study to analyze the hot deformationbehavior of both the steels was carried out in the temperature domain of 850–1050 °C with varying strain rate (0.001–0.1 s−1)by compression test data obtained from Gleeble 3800® thermomechanical simulator up to true strain of 0.69. The flow stressbehavior of hot compressed specimens was analyzed by using material constants, activation energy and formulated Zener–Hollomon parameter. Critical conditions for dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of both the steels were calculated with thehelp of a mathematical model developed by Poliak and Jonas. Further, the variations in critical conditions were correlatedwith the Zener–Hollomon parameter. For both the steels, the current study also focused on the comparison of dynamicallyrecrystallized austenite ( XDRX ) volume fraction with respect to true strain by applying the concept of Avrami equation. Finally, to validate the kinetics of DRX and softening mechanism, the microstructural evaluation and characterization havebeen carried out using optical and electron microscopy.

Glutathione Dimerization-Based Plasmonic Nanoswitch for Biodetection of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species

Kumar, Sumit,Rhim, Won-Kyu,Lim, Dong-Kwon,Nam, Jwa-Min American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.3

<P>Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are continuously produced in the cellular systems and are controlled by several antioxidant mechanisms. Here, we developed a straightforward, sensitive, and quantitative assay for the colorimetric and spectroscopic detection of various ROS and RNS such as H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, ·OH, <SUP>–</SUP>OCl, NO<B>·</B>, and O<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>–</SUP> using glutathione-modified gold nanoparticles (GSH-AuNPs). A basic principle here is that the GSHs on the AuNP surface can be readily detached <I>via</I> the formation of glutathione disulfides upon the addition of ROS and RNS, and destabilized particles can aggregate to generate the plasmonic couplings between plasmonic AuNPs that trigger the red shift in UV–vis spectrum and solution color change. For nonradical species such as H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, this process can be more efficiently achieved by converting them into radical species <I>via</I> the Fenton reaction. Using this strategy, we were able to rapidly and quantitatively distinguish among cancerous and normal cells based on ROS and RNS production.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-3/nn305250p/production/images/medium/nn-2012-05250p_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn305250p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Tuning and assembling metal nanostructures with DNA

Kumar, Amit,Hwang, Jae-Ho,Kumar, Sumit,Nam, Jwa-Min The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Chemical communications Vol.49 No.26

<P>Here, we highlight the strategies for the synthesis and tuning of a variety of metal nanostructures and nanoassemblies with oligonucleotides and their applications. We have discussed the importance of and need for various metal nanostructures and the role and suitability of DNA in building these nanostructures and nanoassemblies. A large part of this article is devoted to the discussion of DNA-mediated synthetic methods for metal nanostructures. The synthetic strategies are categorized into two groups – strategy 1 that uses DNA as the ligand for metal nanoparticles and subsequent assembly or modification and strategy 2 that uses DNA template-directed assemblies of metal nanoparticles.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Here, we highlight the strategies for the synthesis and tuning of a variety of metal nanostructures and nanoassemblies with oligonucleotides and their applications. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cc37536b'> </P>

Gas holdup in tapered bubble column using pseudoplastic non-Newtonian liquids

Sumit Kumar Jana,Sudip Kumar Das,Asit Baran Biswas 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.4

Experimental studies on the gas holdup in two tapered bubble columns using non-Newtonian pseudoplasticliquid have been reported. The effects of different variables such as gas flow rate, liquid viscosity, bed height,and orifice diameter of sieve plate on gas holdup have been investigated. An empirical correlation has been developedfor the prediction of the gas holdup as a function of various measurable parameters of the system. The correlation isstatistically acceptable.

An Adaptive PSO Algorithm Based Test Data Generator for Data-Flow Dependencies using Dominance Concepts

Sumit Kumar,D K Yadav,D A Khan 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.10 No.11

One of the most important and effort intensive activity of the entire software development process is software testing. The effort involved chiefly increases because of the need to obtain optimal test data out of the entire search space of the problem under testing. Software test data generation is one area that has seen tremendous research in terms of automation and optimization. Generating or identifying an optimal test set that satisfies a more robust adequacy criteria, like data flow testing, is still a challenging task. A number of heuristic and meta-heuristics like genetic algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have been applied to optimize the test data generation problem. GA, although more popular, has its own difficulties such as complex to implement and slow convergence rate. In this paper an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm is applied to generate test data for data-flow dependencies of a program guided by a novel fitness function. Adaptive PSO is used because of its capability of balancing in exploration and exploitation. A new fitness function is designed based on the concepts of dominance relations, weighted branch distance for APSO to guide the search direction. A set of benchmark programs and four modules of Krishna Institute of Engineering and Technology (KIET), Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system were taken for the experimental analysis. The experimental results show that the proposed adaptive PSO based approach performed significantly better than random search, Genetic Algorithm and PSO in enhancing the convergence speed.

Expression profiling of mitogen-activated protein kinase genes from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to Helicoverpa armigera, wounding and signaling compounds

Indrakant Kumar Singh,Sumit Kumar,Sujata Singh,Archana Singh 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.3

The Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Cascades play a crucial role in the regulation of defense responses in plants. Herbivory- or wounding-related MAPKs, SA-induced protein kinase (SIPK) and wound-induced protein kinase (WIPK) have been identified to be associated with insect attack. However, function of MAPKs in crop plants in response to herbivory largely remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the expression patterns of fifteen MAPK genes from chickpea in response to infestation by a major pest, Helicoverpa armigera via quantitative realtime PCR (qPCR). Subsequently, we compared the expression patterns of CaMAPKs in response to two related but different processes i.e. insect attack and mechanical wounding. Signaling compounds such as Jasmonates, Salicylic acid and Ethylene also play crucial function in defense response. Therefore, we have also examined the expression profiles of H. armigera-inducible MAPK genes in response to these signaling compounds. Our results revealed that out of fifteen CaMAPKs, seven of the CaMAPKs are upregulated in response to H. armigera and two are downregulated. Additionally, they show differential expression on comparing Helicoverpa-infestation and wounding. Jasmonates and Ethylene mainly regulate CaMAPK genes that may play a role in defense against Helicoverpa-infestation. This study provides insights into the participation of MAPKs in defense against insects.