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Multi Area Economic Dispatch using Secant Method
Sudhakar AVV,Chandram Karri,Jayalaxmi A 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.4
In this paper, Secant method is proposed to solve multi area economic dispatch (MAED) problem. Generator limits of all generators in each area are calculated at given area power demands plus export (or import) using secant method and the generator limits of all generators are modified as modified generator limits. Central economic dispatch (CED) problem is used to determine the output powers of all generators. Here, Secant method is applied to solve the CED problem. The proposed approach has been tested on two-area (two generators in each area) system and four-area (four generators in each area) system. It is observed from various cases that the proposed approach provides optimally best solution in terms of cost with tie line loss with less computational burden.
Sudhakar M. Rao,K. Asha,S. Shivachidambaram 한국지질과학협의회 2013 Geosciences Journal Vol.17 No.1
Geochemical studies are performed to examine the impact of leachate infiltration from on-site sewage disposal systems on the groundwater chemistry in Mulbagal town, Kolar District, Karnataka State, India. The leachate infiltration imposed nitrate concentrations ranging from 4 mg/L to 388 mg/L in the groundwater samples; it was observed that 79% of the samples exhibited nitrate concentrations in excess of drinking water permissible limit (45 mg/L). The average (of 43 measurements) E. coli levels in the groundwater samples corresponded to 189 MPN/100 mL and 55% of the samples tested exhibit pathogen contamination. Results also showed that the groundwater in the study area is characterized by acidic pH, large calcium + magnesium ion and Na/Cl ratios of <unity causing majority of the ground water samples to classify as Ca-Mg-Cl type and Na-Cl type. Saturation index (SI) computation using Visual MINTEQ program showed that the groundwater samples are under-saturated with respect to calcite. The theoretical SI values (of calcite) however suggested that the groundwater samples ought to be over-saturated with calcite. Under-saturation of the groundwater samples with calcite is attributed to increased dissolution of the mineral in the acidic environment of the groundwater.
Riemannian manifolds with a semi-symmetric metric $P$-connection
Sudhakar Kr Chaubey,이재원,Sunil Kr Yadav 대한수학회 2019 대한수학회지 Vol.56 No.4
We define a class of semi-symmetric metric connection on a Riemannian manifold for which the conformal, the projective, the concircular, the quasi conformal and the $m$-projective curvature tensors are invariant. We also study the properties of semisymmetric, Ricci semisymmetric and Eisenhart problems for solving second order parallel symmetric and skew-symmetric tensors on the Riemannian manifolds equipped with a semi-symmetric metric $P$-connection.
Hydrodynamic Response of Spar with Single and Double Heave Plates in Regular Waves
Sudhakar, S.,Nallayarasu, S. Korean Society of Ocean Engineers 2013 International journal of ocean system engineering Vol.3 No.4
The motion response of floating structures should be adequately low to permit the operation of rigid risers along with dry well heads. Though Spar platforms have low heave responses under lower sea state, could become unacceptable in near resonance region of wave periods. Hence the hydrodynamic response, heave in particular, must be examined to ensure that it is minimized. To reduce heave motions, external damping devices are introduced and one such effective damping device is heave plate. Addition of heave plate can provide additional viscous damping and additional added mass in the heave direction which influence the heave motion. The present study focuses on the influence of heave plate on the hydrodynamic responses of Classic Spar in regular waves. The experimental investigation has been carried out on a 1:100 scale model of Spar with single and double heave plates in regular waves. Numerical investigation has been carried out to derive the hydrodynamic responses using ANSYS AQWA. The experimental results were compared with those obtained from numerical simulation and found to be in good agreement. The influence of disk diameter ratio, wave steepness, pretension in the mooring line and relative spacing between the plates on the hydrodynamic responses of Spar are evaluated and presented.
Sudhakar Kumar Chaubey,서영진 대한수학회 2023 대한수학회지 Vol.60 No.2
Our aim is to study the properties of Fischer-Marsden conjecture and Ricci-Bourguignon solitons within the framework of generalized Sasakian-space-forms with $\beta$-Kenmotsu structure. It is proven that a $(2n+1)$-dimensional generalized Sasakian-space-form with $\beta$-Kenmotsu structure satisfying the Fischer-Marsden equation is a conformal gradient soliton. Also, it is shown that a generalized Sasakian-space-form with $\beta$-Kenmotsu structure admitting a gradient Ricci-Bourguignon soliton is either $\Psi \backslash T^{k} \times M^{2n+1-k}$ or gradient $\eta$-Yamabe soliton.
Hydrodynamic Responses of Spar Hull with Single and Double Heave Plates in Random Waves
Sudhakar, S.,Nallayarasu, S. Korean Society of Ocean Engineers 2014 International journal of ocean system engineering Vol.4 No.1
Heave plates have been widely used to enhance viscous damping and thus reduces the heave response of Spar platforms. Single heave plate attached to the keel of the Spar has been reported in literature (Tao and Cai 2004). The effect of double heave plates on hydrodynamic response in random waves has been investigated in this study. The influence of relative spacing $L_d/D_d$ ($D_d$-the diameter of the heave plate) on the hydrodynamic response in random waves has been simulated in wave basin experiments and numerical model. The experimental investigation has been carried out using 1:100 scale model of Spar with double heave plates in random waves for different relative spacing and varying wave period. The influence of relative spacing between the heave plates on the motion responses of Spar are evaluated and presented. Numerical investigation has been carried out to investigate effect of relative spacing on hydrodynamic characteristics such as heave added mass and hydrodynamic responses. The measured results were compared with those obtained from numerical simulation and found to be in good agreement. Experimental and numerical simulation shows that the damping coefficient and added mass does not increase for relative spacing of 0.4 and the effect greater than relative spacing on significant heave response is insignificant.