The Evolving Policy Debate on Border Closure in Korea

Su-Jin Kang,Jihyun Moon,Heewon Kang,Heekyoung Nam,Sangwoo Tak,Sung-Il Cho 대한예방의학회 2020 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.53 No.5

302 Copyright © 2020 The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine J Prev Med Public Health 2020;53:302-306 • https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.20.213 The Evolving Policy Debate on Border Closure in Korea SuJin Kang1, Jihyun Moon2, Heewon Kang1, Heekyoung Nam3, Sangwoo Tak1, Sung-il Cho1,3 1Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; 2Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea; 3Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Brief Report Objectives: In this paper, we aimed to investigate the evolving debate over border closure in Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, to address the main themes associated with border closure, and to discuss the factors that need to be considered when making such decisions. Methods: We collated and reviewed previously conducted review studies on border closures during infectious disease outbreaks to derive relevant themes and factors. Results: According to our systematic review on border closures and travel restrictions, the effects of such containment efforts are limited. We suggest considering the following factors when determining whether to impose border closure measures: (1) disease characteristics, (2) timeliness of implementation, (3) transmission delay and the basic reproduction number, (4) globalization and pandemics, and (5) social and economic costs. Conclusions: Our assessment indicates that the effects of border closures are at best temporary and limited. Alternative measures must be contemplated and implemented to suppress the spread of COVID-19 in particular and infectious diseases more broadly.

플라비아닌산을 이용한 클로르프마진의 용매추출 분광광도법

정문모,남수자,이미나,이지연,허문회,안문규 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

달 탐사선의 발사 요구조건 및 임무궤도 사례연구

석병석(Suk, Byong-suk),민승용(Min, Seung-yong),권재욱(Kwon, Jae-wook),김창균(Kim, Chang-kyoon),문상만(Moon, Sang-man),최수진(Choi, Su-jin),구철회(Koo, Cheol-hea),김인규(Kim, In-kyu),류동영(Ryu, Dong-young) 한국항공우주연구원 2015 항공우주산업기술동향 Vol.13 No.2

시험용 달 궤도선의 발사 요구조건 사전 분석 단계로 최근 외국에서 발사한 달 탐사선의 발사 요구조건을 분석하였다. 일반적으로 달 탐사선의 발사 요구조건은 달 임무 궤도를 결정하는 중요한 요소이며, 또한 지구, 달, 태양의 상대적인 운동으로 인해 임무궤도 요구조건을 만족하는 발사 가능 시간이 주기적으로 반복되는 경향이 있다. 분석 결과 설정된 발사 요구조건들로부터 달 궤도선의 주 임무가 달의 남/북극 지역의 광학 관측 임을 간접적으로 알 수 있었다. 향후 우리나라 달 궤도선 발사 요구 조건 설정에 본 논문이 도움이 되길 기대한다. In the preliminary study on launch window requirement for Korea Path-finder Lunar Orbiter(KPLO), the recent foreign lunar orbiter’s lauch window requirement was analyzed. Normally, the launch requirements depends on the mission orbit. Based on the relationship between Moon, Earth, and Sun, the launch time will be available periodically to meet requirements. In this paper, it is understood that the launch window requirements come from payload mission requirements to take picture each poles of Moon. This paper might be a practical example to derive KPLO launch requirements in the future.

[논문]EAF Slag 잔골재를 사용한 콘크리트의 황산염침식 저항성에 관한 실험적 연구

박문수,김영수 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2008 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.67 No.-

본 연구에서는 전기로슬래그를 사용한 콘크리트의 황산염침식 저항성을 평가하는데 그 목적이 었다. 전기로슬래그의 에이징 방법(공기중,촉진에이징) 및 치환율(0,10, 20, 30, 50%)을 달리하여 10% 의 황산마그네숨 용액에 침지한 후 각 재령에 따른 콘크리트의 황산염 침식 저항성을 평가하였다. 각각의 시편에 대한 콘크리트의 압축강도,황산염 열화지수(S.D.F),중량변화율,미세구조를 분석한 결과,촉진에이정 처리한 전기로슬래그가 공기중에이징 처리한 전기로슬래그보다 우수한 성능을 보임을 알 수 있었으며,촉진에이징 전기로슬래그의 치환율이 30% 까지 증가할 수록 황산염 침식 저항성을 우수해 짐을 알 수 있었다.

부산지역에서 유통되는 고래 고기의 법생물학 및 보전생물학적 조사

문태영,구수미 고신대학교 보건과학연구소 2000 보건과학연구소보 Vol.10 No.-

It was investigated the whale meat of which species has been traded in which places of Pusan. It was confirmed that many fish shops and restaurants have kept the whale meat for sale. The meat was identified as skins, muscles, blubbers and the others originated from Balaenoptera acutorostrata davidsoni, B. acutorostrata bonarensis, B. edeni, Ziphius cavirostris, Orcinus orca, Delphinus spp., Grampus griseus, Tursiops truncatus and Lagenorhynchus obliquidens. Many shops and restaurants were also detected selling the whale meat explicitly with their whale meat sign-boards. Although there were at least 23 shops selling the whale meat at the Jagalchi market which the largest fish-market in Pusan, no monitoring and restriction was carried out relevantly and timely by local authorities and NGOs associated with this matter. It was suggested to monitor and to investigate the illegal markets and restaurants with molecular identification process and to encourage the related local authorities to fulfill their duties and responsibilities. Also discussed were on further conservation of whales against illegal trades.

지리산 고로쇠나무 군락의 토양환경과 식생구조

문현식,노일,권수덕 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2004 농업생명과학연구 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 경남 하동 지리산 지역 고로쇠나무 군락의 토양환경과 식생구조를 분석하여 고로쇠나무의 경영과 분포지에 대한 기초적인 정보를 제공하기 위하여 수행되었다. 고로쇠나무 군락지의 토양 pH와 유기물함량은 각각 4.66, 14.2%로 측정되었으며, 전질소함량은 0.71%, 유효인산 함량은 23.9ppm으로 나타났다. 층위별 중요치는 상층에서 사람주나무가 55.3으로 가장 높았고 다음으로 고로쇠나무(3.29), 비목(29.0), 서나무(26.0), 중층에서는 사람주나무(65.6), 생강나무(34.7), 때죽나무(23.3), 하층에서는 생강나무(15.5)와 덜꿩나무(13.3)의 중요치가 높게 나타났다. 층위별 종다양도는 상층1.123, 중층 1.173, 하층 1.519이며 균재도는 상층0.753, 중층 0.802. 하층 0.984로 나타나 본 조사지역의 고로쇠나무 군락은 상·중층에 비해 하층의 출현식물의 분포가 보다 균일한 경향임을 알 수 있었다. The present study was conducted to investigate the soil condition and vegetation structure of Acer mono communities for providing the information on management and distribution in Mt. Jiri national park. Soil pH of A. mono communities was 4.66. The -contents of soil organic matter, total N and available P₂O_(5) were 14.2%, 0.71% and 23.9ppm, respectively. According to the importance value by layer on the A. mono communities, Sapium japonicum was the highest as 55.3, and followed in order of A. mono 32.9, Lindera erythrocarpa 29.0 and Carpinus laxiflora 26.0 in upper layer, and S. japonicum 65.6, L. obtusiloba 34.7 and Styrax japonica 23.3 in middle layer, and L. obtusiloba 15.5 and Viburnum erosum 13.3 in lower layer. Species diversity and evenness were 1.123, 0.753 in upper, and 1.173 and 0.802 in middle, and 1.519 and 0.984 in lower layer, respectively. It showed that distribution of appeared species of A. mono communities in Mt. Jiri was more uniform tendency in lower layer than upper and middle layer.

성교육 실시에 따른 성지식, 성태도 변화 연구 : focusing on the 1st grade students in girls' junior high schools 1학년 여중생을 대상으로

계수연,문인옥 韓國保健敎育 ·健康增進學會 1999 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of sex education on knowledge and attitude related to sex. The subjects were taken from by 199 students in 3 classes from 1st grade in H girl's junior high school as the study group, and 2 classes from 1st grade in S girl's junior high school as control group. During the survey period(September 21, 1998 to September 30, 1998), 6 times in terms of one-hour class for sex education were taught to the study group. A pre-test was executed on September 19, 1998 and the post-test on September 30. The findings were as follows. 1. According to the research, 20.1% of the subjects have experienced sex education from parents and 89.9% from teacher. They have mostly obtained the sex-related information from teachers(59.8%), following movie, radio, TV, or video tape(40.7%), friends(35.2%), reading materials such as books, cartoons, news papers and magazines(31.7%), parents(15.6%), siblings(7.0%), PC(1.5%) and telephone service(1.5%). 2. 27.1% of the subjects reported that they had sex-related worry concerning from friendship with the opposite sex, following physiological phenomenon(31.5%), sex violence(11.1%), physical characteristics(7.4%), VD and contraception(5.6%), sexual impulse(5.6%), pregnancy and delivery(5.5%), and sexual behaviour(3.7%). The research showed that the adolescents usually solved their problems through the consultation with theifriends(44.4%). However, 16.7% of the subjects were turned out not to request any solution. The other minor routs to settle their problems were written materials such as books, magazines(13.0%), parents(13.0%), movie, radio, TV, or video tape(5.5%), acquainted female elders(3.7%) and teachers(3.7%). 3. The most interesting part regarding sex was the friendship with the opposite sex(61.8%), following adolescent's emotion(55.8%), physiological differences between two genders(52.8%), AIDS(48.7%), VD(46.7%), pregnancy(45.2%), contraception(45.2%), abortion(41.7%), intercourse(41.7%), masturbation(41.2%), sex violence(41.2%) and genital structure and secondary sexual characteristics(28.6%). 4. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing sex-related knowledge, the higher educational career of mother, living with at least either parent and the experience of sex education by teachers were statistically significant factors(p〈0.05). 5. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing attitudes toward sex, the experience of sex education by parents or teachers was a statistically significant factor(p〈0.05). 6. The analysis of knowledge score comparing results before and after sex education showed that control group's score decreased from 12.5 to 12.44 while the study group's score increased from 12.33 to 21.31, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 7. The analysis of the attitude scores before and after sex education showed that the control group's score slightly increased from 55.57 to 56.36, while the study group's score increased from 54.79 to 61.95, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 8. The level of sex-related concerns of the study group after sex education marked both the increase in some items and the decrease in others. 9. Most instructive session among the sex education was the third “to be a good friend to the opposite sex”(27.0%).

연안산 패류를 이용한 조미소재의 가공 및 정미성분

문정호,강수태,김종태,오광수 경상대학교 해양산업연구소 2002 해양산업연구소보 Vol.15 No.-

고부가가치를 창출할 수 있는 새로운 식품가공용 풍미조미소계의 개발과 품질의 개선, 그리고 연안에서 생산되는 수산자원의 유효이용이라는 관점에서, 고부가 활용도가 거의 없는 바지락을 원료로 하여 고부가가치의 풍미계 조미소재 및 수프 소재로서 활용될 수 있는 유용 조미소재의 최적 가공조건을 구명하였고, 이의 정미성분을 분석하였다. 바지락 2단 효소분해 조미소재는 최적 가공공정은 다음과 같다. 시료 바지락을 chopper로써 세절한 다음 약 3배량의 물을 가하고, 98℃에서 5분간 자숙하여 자가소화효소를 불활성화시킨 후, 시료액의 pH를 8.0으로 조정하고 여기에 활성이 비교적 약한 내알칼리성 단백분해효소 가하여 교반하면서 55℃에서 4시간 동안 가수분해시킨다. 이어 자숙 처리하여 효소를 불활성화시킨 후 다시 pH를 6.0으로 조정하고, 여기에 exopeptidase 형의 중성 단백분해효소를 가한 다음 45℃에서 교반하면서 4시간 동안 가수분해시키고, 효소를 불활성화시킨 후 원심분리하여 상등액을 취함으로서 효소분해 조미소재를 얻을 수 있었다. 열수추출법, 자가소화법 및 2단효소분해법으로 바지락 조미소재를 조제하고, 각 조미소재의 특성을 서로 비교 검토한 결과, 바지락 열수 및 가압추출 조미소재에서는 대체로 감칠맛이 났으나 맛의 강도가 약하였고 패류취가 감지되었다. 바지락 2단 효소분해 조미소재는 감칠맛과 맛의 조화력이 월등히 강하였고, 특히 투명도 상승 등 조미소재의 물리적, 관능적 품질이 현저히 개선되었다. 바지락 열수 및 가압추출 조미소재, 2단효소분해 조미소재의 유리아미노산 총량은 각각 1,352.1 mg/100g, 1,174.1 mg/100g 및 2,122.4 mg/100g이었고, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, phonylalanine, arginine 등이 주요 유리아미노산으로 추출방법에 따라 아미노산의 농도변화가 켰다. Betaine 함량은 116.O~845.0 mg/100g으로 열수추출이나 가압추출에 비해 효소분해 조미소재의 함량이 월등히 많았으며, 타 정미성분과도 함량을 비교해 볼 때 바지락 조미소재의 주된 정미성분일 것으로 추정되었다. 무기이온으로서 P, Na, K 및 Cl의 함량이 많았으며, 열수나 가압추출 조미소재에 비해 효소분해 조미소재 쪽이 함량이 훨씬 많았다. To develop natural flavoring substances, optimal two stage enzyme hydrolysis conditions and flavour compounds for short-neck clam enzyme hydrolysates were examined. The optimal enzyme hydrolysis conditions for two stage enzyme hydrolysate(TSEH) of short-neck clam were revealed in temperature at 55℃ for 4 hours digestion with alcalase at the 1st stage and 4 hours digestion at 45℃ with exopeptidase type neutrase at the 2nd stage. From the results in quality tests of hot-water extracts, steam extracts and 4 kinds of enzyme hydrolysates, TSEH processing method was superior to other methods on the aspects of yield, nitrogen contents, taste such as umami intensity and inhibition of off-flavor formation, and transparency of extract. And the flavor constituents and functionality of short-neck clam were also examined as affected by two stage enzyme hydrolysis. Total free amino acid contents in hot-water extract steam extract and TSEH of short-neck clam were 1,352.1 mg%, 1,174.1 mg% and 2,122.4 mg%, respectively. Major free amino acids in TSEH were glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine. As for nucleotides and other bases, betaine, TMAO and creatinine were principal components in TSEH. And the major inorganic ions in TSEH were Na, K, p and Cl

중증 외상환자에서 염기 결핍수치의 유용성

문준동,김수진,문철규,최성혁,전정민,이성우,홍윤식 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: This study's objective was to determine the prognostic value of the base deficit measured in the emergency department(ED) and to determine whether base deficit can provide information not provided by advanced injury scoring system. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of data collected for two years. Thirty-two severe trauma patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department of Korea University Hospital were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: the normal base deficit group(-3 mmol/L to 3 mmol/L) and the elevated base deficit group(>3 mmol/L). The base-deficit value, age, sex, head injury, organ failure rate, and survival were considered, and the also Revised Trauma Score(RTS), Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE II), and Injury Severity Score(ISS) were measured. Result: The elevated base-deficit group showed a lower survival rate and a higher organ failure rate compared to the normal base deficit group. Logistic Regression showed a strong association between base deficit and mortality rate. Among the previous injury scoring Systems(RTS, APACHE II, ISS), base deficit had the strongest correlation with RTS. By using base deficit value and the RTS together, we obtained a higher positive predictive value than that obtained by using base deficit or RTS alone. Conclusion: The admission value of the base deficit in the ED is a useful tool in predicting the outcome in severe trauma patients, and it can be an adjunct to previous injury scoring systems. As an advanced injury scoring System is developed in the future, the base deficit may have some significant role.

아동의 문제행동 발견과 프로그램 개발

문선화,김영호,이경남,장수한 부산대학교 사회복지연구소 2000 社會福祉硏究 Vol.10 No.-