Species Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of the Population Density and Biomass of the Genus Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae) from the Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea

Stonik, Inna Valentinovna 한국해양학회 2009 Ocean science journal Vol.44 No.1

The species composition and seasonal dynamics of the population density and biomass of the prasinophycean algae of the genus Pyramimonas were investigated in the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea. According to literature data and the results of our observations, eight species of the prasinophycean algae were identified, and some of them were new for the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea as follows: P. aff. amylifera $\tilde{N}onrad$, P. aff. cordata McFadden, Hill et Wetherbee, and P. nansenii Braarud. An analysis of their seasonal dynamics showed that the most conspicuous winter peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species in the Amurskii Bay was clearly distinguishable in February. In winter and early spring, the prasinophycean algae made a considerable contribution of 28 to 60% into the total population density on the background of a relatively low biomass, 1.1-14.4% of the total phytoplankton biomass in the Amurskii Bay. In the Golden Horn Bay, the summer peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species was most intensive in June. In summer, during the period of mass development of the algae of the genus Pyramimonas in the Golden Horn Bay, the prasinophycean algae contributed up to 71% of the total population density and up to 84% of the total microalgal biomass. An increase was noted in the density and biomass of the Pyramimonas species in the polluted waters near the sewage water outlets in the Amurskii and Golden Horn bays.

Potentially Toxic Diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta and P. calliantha from Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea and Sea of Okhotsk

Stonik, I.V.,Orlova, T.Yu.,Begun, A.A. The Korean Society of Oceanography 2008 Ocean science journal Vol.43 No.1

Potentially toxic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha and P. fraudulenta were found in bottle samples of phytoplankton collected in Amurskii Bay (East/Japan Sea) and in the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (East/Japan Sea and Sea of Okhotsk) in different seasons during 2002-2006. The mass development of these species occurred in October and November 2002 at water temperatures of $6-16^{\circ}C$ and salinities of 28.8-33.5 PSU. The highest concentrations of P. calliantha and P. fraudulenta were about $2{\times}10^5\;cells\;L^{-1}$ and $1.5{\times}10^5\;cells\;L^{-1}$, respectively. P. fraudulenta was found for the first time in the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea. Morphological descriptions of these species based on observation with light and electron microscopy and information on their ecology are presented. Data on the geographical distribution of these species are supplemented.

Species of the Genus Eutreptiella (Euglenophyceae) from Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea

Stonik, I.V. The Korean Society of Oceanography 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.2

The paper reviews data available on euglenophycean algae of the genus Eutreptiella from the Russian waters of East/Japan Sea. Five species (such as E. braarudii, E. eupharyngea, E. gymnastica, E. cf. marina, and E. pascheri) were identified in our study. E. cf. marina and E. pascheri were found for the first time in the fare astern seas of Russia (including East/Japan Sea, Bering and Okhotsk seas). Morphological descriptions of species are based on light and electron microscopical studies and supplied with information on ecology and distribution. Original micrographs of these species obtained by light and electron microscopy are presented. It was established that E. eupharyngea, E. gymnastica, and E. pascheri cause water "blooms" in spring and summer in eutrophic coastal areas of Peter the Great Bay (East/Japan Sea), where their cell concentrations at these periods exceed $1\times10^6\;cells\;l^{-1}$.

Phytoplankton of the Coastal Waters of Vladivostok (the North-western Part of the East Sea) under Eutrophic Conditions

Stonik, I.V.,Orlova, T.Yu. Korea Institute of Ocean ScienceTechnology 2002 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.24 No.4

The qualitative and quantitative composition of the phytoplankton of the coastal waters off Vladivostok during the period 1991-1994 was studied. The following trends in the phytoplankton composition with decreasing distance from the source of eutrophication were revealed: 1) total density and bio-mass increased; 2) the density of the diatom Skeletonema costatum, which reflects a decrease in the Shannon-Weaver species diversity index during the summer microalgal bloom, increased significantly; and 3) the density of the non-diatom component of the phytoplankton increased.

Potentially Toxic Diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta and P. calliantha from Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea and Sea of Okhotsk

I. V. Stonik,T. Yu. Orlova,A. A. Begun 한국해양과학기술원 2008 Ocean science journal Vol.43 No.1

Potentially toxic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia calliantha and P. fraudulenta were found in bottle samples of phytoplankton collected in Amurskii Bay (East/Japan Sea) and in the coastal waters of Sakhalin Island (East/Japan Sea and Sea of Okhotsk) in different seasons during 2002-2006. The mass development of these species occurred in October and November 2002 at water temperatures of 6-16ûC and salinities of 28.8-33.5 PSU. The highest concentrations of P. calliantha and P. fraudulenta were about 2×105 cells L-1 and 1.5×105 cells L-1, respectively. P. fraudulenta was found for the first time in the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea. Morphological descriptions of these species based on observation with light and electron microscopy and information on their ecology are presented. Data on the geographical distribution of these species are supplemented.

Species Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of the Population Density and Biomass of the Genus Pyramimonas (Prasinophyceae) from the Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea

Inna Valentinovna Stonik 한국해양과학기술원 2009 Ocean science journal Vol.44 No.1

The species composition and seasonal dynamics of the population density and biomass of the prasinophycean algae of the genus Pyramimonas were investigated in the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea. According to literature data and the results of our observations, eight species of the prasinophycean algae were identified, and some of them were new for the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea as follows: P. aff. amylifera Ñonrad, P. aff. cordata McFadden, Hill et Wetherbee, and P. nansenii Braarud. An analysis of their seasonal dynamics showed that the most conspicuous winter peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species in the Amurskii Bay was clearly distinguishable in February. In winter and early spring, the prasinophycean algae made a considerable contribution of 28 to 60% into the total population density on the background of a relatively low biomass, 1.1-14.4% of the total phytoplankton biomass in the Amurskii Bay. In the Golden Horn Bay, the summer peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species was most intensive in June. In summer, during the period of mass development of the algae of the genus Pyramimonas in the Golden Horn Bay, the prasinophycean algae contributed up to 71% of the total population density and up to 84% of the total microalgal biomass. An increase was noted in the density and biomass of the Pyramimonas species in the polluted waters near the sewage water outlets in the Amurskii and Golden Horn bays. The species composition and seasonal dynamics of the population density and biomass of the prasinophycean algae of the genus Pyramimonas were investigated in the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea. According to literature data and the results of our observations, eight species of the prasinophycean algae were identified, and some of them were new for the Russian waters of the East/Japan Sea as follows: P. aff. amylifera Ñonrad, P. aff. cordata McFadden, Hill et Wetherbee, and P. nansenii Braarud. An analysis of their seasonal dynamics showed that the most conspicuous winter peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species in the Amurskii Bay was clearly distinguishable in February. In winter and early spring, the prasinophycean algae made a considerable contribution of 28 to 60% into the total population density on the background of a relatively low biomass, 1.1-14.4% of the total phytoplankton biomass in the Amurskii Bay. In the Golden Horn Bay, the summer peak of the population density of Pyramimonas species was most intensive in June. In summer, during the period of mass development of the algae of the genus Pyramimonas in the Golden Horn Bay, the prasinophycean algae contributed up to 71% of the total population density and up to 84% of the total microalgal biomass. An increase was noted in the density and biomass of the Pyramimonas species in the polluted waters near the sewage water outlets in the Amurskii and Golden Horn bays.

Phytoplankton of the Coastal Waters off Vladivostok (the Northwestern Part of the East Sea) under Eutrophic Conditions

I.V. Stonik,T. Yu. Orlova 한국해양과학기술원 2002 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.24 No.4

The qualitative and quantitative composition of the phytoplankton of the coastal waters off Vladivostok during the period 1991-1994 was studied. The following trends in the phytoplankton composition with decreasing distance from the source of eutrophication were revealed: 1) total density and biomass increased; 2) the density of the diatom Skeletonema costatum, which reflects a decrease in the Shannon-Weaver species diversity index during the summer microalgal bloom, increased significantly; and 3) the density of the non-diatom component of the phytoplankton increased.

Species of the Genus Eutreptiella (Euglenophyceae) from Russian Waters of East/Japan Sea

I. V. Stonik 한국해양과학기술원 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.2

The paper reviews data available on euglenophycean algae of the genus Eutreptiella from the Russian waters of East/Japan Sea. Five species (such as E. braarudii, E. eupharyngea, E. gymnastica, E. cf. marina, and E. pascheri) were identified in our study. E. cf. marina and E. pascheri were found for the first time in the far eastern seas of Russia (including East/Japan Sea, Bering and Okhotsk seas). Morphological descriptions of species are based on light and electron microscopical studies and supplied with information on ecology and distribution. Original micrographs of these species obtained by light and electron microscopy are presented. It was established that E. eupharyngea, E. gymnastica, and E. pascheri cause water “blooms” in spring and summer in eutrophic coastal areas of Peter the Great Bay (East/Japan Sea), where their cell concentrations at these periods exceed 1 x 106 cells l-1.

On Conditions of Phytoplankton Blooms in the Coastal Waters of the North-Western East/Japan Sea

Zuenko, Yury,Selina, Marina,Stonik, Inna The Korean Society of Oceanography 2006 Ocean science journal Vol.41 No.1

Seasonal changes of abundance of the main phytoplankton groups of species (diatoms, dinoflagellates, chrysophytes, small flagellates and cryptophytes) and a set of environmental parameters were investigated in coastal and pre-estuarine waters of Peter the Great Bay (East/Japan Sea) in May-October of 1998 and 1999. Three periods of mass development were revealed: spring, summer and autumn blooms, with successive change of species. The conditions favourable for each group of species were determined. Driving mechanisms of the succession include nutrients transport through seasonal pycnocline by turbulent mixing, terrestrial nutrients supply by monsoon floods, nutrients supply by upwellings, and light control by the thickness of upper mixed layer. Summer succession could be explained by a simple SST-MLD diagram similar to Pingree S-kh diagram with sea surface temperature as indicator of stratification (S) and mixed layer depth as indicator of light availability (kh).

On Conditions of Phytoplankton Blooms in the Coastal Waters of the North-Western East/Japan Sea

Yury Zuenko,Marina Selina,Inna Stonik 한국해양과학기술원 2006 Ocean science journal Vol.41 No.1

changes of abundance of the main phytoplankton groups of species (diatoms, dinoflagellates, chrysophytes, small flagellates and cryptophytes) and a set of environmental parameters were investigated in coastal and pre-estuarine waters of Peter the Great Bay (East/Japan Sea) in May-October of 1998 and 1999. Three periods of mass development were revealed: spring, summer and autumn blooms, with successive change of species. The conditions favourable for each group of species were determined. Driving mechanisms of the succession include nutrients transport through seasonal pycnocline by turbulent mixing, terrestrial nutrients supply by monsoon floods, nutrients supply by upwellings, and light control by the thickness of upper mixed layer. Summer succession could be explained by a simple SST-MLD diagram similar to Pingree S-kh diagram with sea surface temperature as indicator of stratification (S) and mixed layer depth as indicator of light availability (kh).