만성골반통의 동서의학적 고찰 : 부인과 질환으로 중심으로

김순열 ( Soon Yeol Kim ),윤종원 ( Jong Won Yoon ) 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1996 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study was to generalize the conception of chronic pelvic pain(CPP)through the literature of oriental medicine and occidental medicine. The results are obtained as follows. First, chronic pelvic pain(pain of more than 6 months' duration) may include pain of gynecologic, gastroenterologic, urologic neurologic, and musculoskejetal origin. In this study, the etiologic of chronic pelvic pain may remain obscure and the relationship between certain types of pathologic, such as endometriosis or adhesions, and the pain response may be inconsistent and often inexplicable. Second, the causes of CPP through the literature of oriental medicine were reviewed as pains due to a wind-pathogen, a cold, disorder of Qi, disorder of blood stasis, a improper diet, disorder of fluid, and deficiency type etc... And the charateristic pains were concerned with a aching pain, a heavy pain, a distending pain, a pain due to mass in the abdoman, a pain likes pulling etc... The degree an4 classification of charateristic pains in current of time were dependent on subjective factors. Third, in oriental medicine, it wasn`t to be suggested concretely recognition of etiological factor in pain, But they recognised that facters were influenced by pain. For example, diretic peripheral demages were concerned with a blood stasis, a phlegm, a damp phlegm, heart, and the pains that were occurrenced by sevn emotions were concerned with a stagnancy of Qi or a stagnancy of liver-Qi.

虹彩 體質 分析에서 心腎結合組織의 虛弱 體質과 高血壓 家族歷과 관련성 硏究

金鐘牛,黃祐準,琴坰樹,李始炯,李宗淳,都金錄,趙在運,趙州掌,金鐘煜 한국전통의학연구소 2002 한국전통의학지 Vol.12 No.1

Iridology, developed more than 100 years ago, is the diagnosis of medical conditions through noting irregularities of the pigmentation in the iris The purpose of this study is to compare interrelation between CVA, hypertension family history and cardio-renal connective tissue in Iris Constitution through iris constitution examination. The subjects consist of 114 patients who were examined in Iris Constitution at Chonju Oriental Medicine Hospital attached to Wonkwang Univ. from September. 1St. 2000 to August. 31th. 2002. 1. In the distribution of Iris Constitution, among of 79cases, There are neurogenic type 13cases, abdominal connective tissue weakness constitution 31 cases, cardio-renal connective tissue weakness constitution 6 cases, cholesterol 7 cases and others 22 case in control group. 2. There are familial history of CVA and hypertention 32 cases, no familial history of CVA and hypertention1 3 cases, in 35cases of experimental group. These results imply that there is meaningfulness of interrelation between cardio-renal connective tissue weakness constitution and. CVA, hypertention.

『속동문선(續東文選)』에 선재(選載)된 홍귀달(洪貴達)의 한시(漢詩) 일고(一考)

박종순 ( Park Jong-soon ) 근역한문학회 2016 한문학논집(漢文學論集) Vol.45 No.-

본고는 조선 초기의 시인인 虛白亭 洪貴達(1438~1504)의 시문학의 일단을 고찰한 작업이다. 홍귀달은 총 866題 1,123首의 시를 남겨 놓았는데, 본고에서는 『속동문선(續東文選)』에 선재된 21제 25수의 작품을 연구 대상으로 삼았다. 『속동문선』은 『동문선(東文選)』을 편찬하고 40년이 지나 그 동안의 시문을 선정하여 모아 놓으라는 중종(中宗)의 명에 의해 편찬된 시문의 선집이다. 『속동문선』에 작품이 소개된 시인은 총 80명이며 홍귀달의 시는 그 중 12번째로 많이 수록되어 있다. 『속동문선』의 간행은 중종이 유교를 나라를 다스리는 기본 원칙으로 천명하기 위한 의도가 있다. 이 선집의 주요 편찬자들은 사림파의 대표적 인물인 김종직의 제자들이었다. 이러한 사실을 감안할 때, 홍귀달이 이 시기를 대표하는 작가이며, 그의 시가 또한 이 시대를 대표하는 작품이라는 사실과 그가 사림파의 인물이었다는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 여기에 수록된 홍귀달의 한시는 내용상 진솔한 마음의 고백, 연행의 서정, 일상의 詩化 등의 영역으로 나누어 고찰하였다. 내면을 진솔하게 드러낸 작품의 경우, 세속적 가치에서 벗어나 진정한 자유로움을 추구하고 세상사에 달관한 수준 높은 경지를 보여 주고 있다. 그리고 사행시에서는 이국의 풍정과 나그네길에서 어쩔 수 없이 느낄 수밖에 없는 쓸쓸한 정조가 유려하게 표현되어 있고, 귀양살이하면서 지은 시에는 가식 없는 슬픔과 탄식이 가득하다. 교유시나 기증시, 유람시에서도 각각의 대상과 형편에 맞는 시를 지어 독자의 감동을 불러일으킨다. 이것은 홍귀달의 한시가 일정한 문학적 수준을 확보하고 있다는 반증일 것이다. 『속동문선』에 선정된 홍귀달의 한시를 우선 형식적으로 분석한 결과, 진솔하게 내면을 고백한 시는 고시의 형태가 많고 사행시는 칠언율시가 많다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 이것은 내면의 정서를 유장하게 풀어내는 경우에는 형식에 구애를 받지 않는 고시가 적당하고, 창화하거나 격식을 갖춘 작품을 지어야 할 때는 율시를 사용했기 때문일 것이다. 홍귀달의 한시는 한국 한시의 완성을 위한 초기 단계의 노력이라고 볼 수 있다. 고려 한시의 맥을 이은 조선 초기의 시단은 주목할 만한 시인들이 다수 출현했지만 아직 한국 한시의 본령이 확립되었다고 볼 수는 없다. 이 시기에 홍귀달 같은 시인이 등장하여 창작역량을 마음껏 발휘함으로써 조선 한시의 진면목을 구축해 나가기 시작했다고 평가할 수 있겠다. This paper is one of the process to study Chinese poems of Heobaekjeong (虛白亭) Hong, Gui-dal(洪貴達, 1438~1504) who is one of writers in the Joseon Dynasty period. The purpose of the paper is to analyze and criticize Chinese poems by Hong, Gui-dal called 『Sokdongmunseon(續東文選)』 in a literary anthology in the early years in the Joseon Dynasty period by using it as the text. There had been a literary anthology of vast scope called 『Dongmunseon (東文選)』 which collected poems and sentences by writers from the period of the Three States to the early years of the Joseon Dynasty period in the Seongjong (成宗) years. 40 years later, Jungjong (中宗) ordered his servants to compile 『Sokdongmunseon(續東文選)』 by collecting writers` works of art. The compilation of this anthology masked some political intentions. Jungjong made the compilers sort writers focusing on works of art by traditional Sarim School (士林派) to make Confucianism (儒敎) an ideology for governing the country and spread it. So many students of Kim, Jong-jik (金宗直) who was the reader of Sarim School then got to participate in the compilation of this book. 25 poems with 21 titles by Hong, Gui-dal were included here. The fact that so many poems by him are listed in this book proves and explains as follow. First, Hong, Gui-dal was one of the poets who represented this period. Second, his Chinese poems made very high literary accomplishments. Third, he was one of Sarim School, the leading force in the Joseon Dynasty period. Literary consideration of his poems that are intended to study in this paper can be divided into recollection of candid mind, lyricism of a journey to Beijing (燕行), sigh of a person who are exiled to an island, sentiments shown in intercourse poems and donation poem, and thoughts through sightseeing. Hong, Gui-dal`s Chinese poems can be efforts of the early stage to complete Korean Chinese poems. Many noticeable poets had appeared in the world of poetry in the early years of the Joseon Dynasty period. However, Korean Chinese poem`s characteristics had not been yet established. As Hong, Gui-dal appeared in this period and gave full play to his creative capability, it can be judged that Joseon Chinese poems` real worth started to be built.

일본에서의 수사·공판협력형 협의·합의제도(搜査, 公判協力型 協議, 合意制度)와 형사면책제도(刑事免責制度) 도입에 관한 소고(小考)

박종순(Park Jong Soon) 대검찰청 2016 형사법의 신동향 Vol.0 No.51

일본 정부는 2015년 봄 국회에 수사·공판협력형 협의·합의제도(搜査･公判協力型協議･合意制度)와 형사면책제도(刑事免責制度) 등을 포함한 형사사법개혁 관련 법안을 제출하였다. 여기에서 수사·공판협력형 협의·합의제도는 수사·기소·공판을 포함한 형사사건의 처리 절차에서 피의자·피고인이 타인의 범죄사실을 규명하는 데 협력하고 그에 대한 대가로 검사로부터 일정한 은전을 받는 피의자·피고인과 검사 사이의 협의와 합의를 하는 제도이다. 또 형사면책제도는 공범 등 일부의 자에게 형사책임을 묻지않기로 하고 그가 갖고 있는 자기부죄거부특권(自己負罪拒否特權)을 상실하게 한 뒤 강제로 진술을 하게 하여 다른 사람에 대한 유죄의 증거로 사용하는 제도이다. 2015년 여름 위 형사사법개혁 관련 법안은 일본 중의원에서 통과되었으나 참의원에서는 심의시간을 확보하지 못해 보류되었다. 그 후 2016년 4월 참의원은 위 법안에 대한 심의를 다시 시작하였고 조만간 위 형사사법개혁 관련 법안이 통과될 것으로 예상된다. 한편, 최근 우리 언론 보도에 따르면 우리 검찰이 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」의 도입을 신중히 검토하고 있다고 한다. 여기에서 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」는 조직폭력이나 기업 부패처럼 조직적인 범죄에 가담한 내부자가 자백이나 증언을 할 경우 형사책임을 줄여주는 제도인데 최근 수사 여건이 갈수록 열악해지고 있는 반면 범죄는 다양화·첨단화하고 있으므로 조직범죄 등에 효과적으로 대처하기 위해 이 제도의 도입이 필요한 상황이라고 한다. 언론에서 보도한 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」가 구체적으로 어떠한 것인지 지금으로서는 단정하기 어렵지만 이는 2011년 정부가 심의·의결한 내부증언자 형벌감면·소추면제제도와 거의 비슷한 제도인 것 같다. 그리고 이것은 일본의 수사·공판협력형 협의·합의제도와 유사한 것으로 보인다. 앞으로 우리나라에서 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」의 도입에 대한 논의가 본격적으로 이루어진다면 현재 일본 국회에서 심의 중인 수사·공판협력형 협의·합의제도와 형사면책제도에 관한 논의상황 등이 참고가 될 것 같다. 왜냐하면 일본의 수사·공판협력형협의·합의제도 및 형사면책제도나 우리 검찰이 검토 중인 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」는 증거수집 수단을 적정화·다양화하기 위한 제도라는 점에서는 같기 때문이다. 장차 「내부증언자 형사면책제도」의 도입에 관한 논의가 본격적으로 시작될 때 이 실무 자료가 조금이나마 도움이 되었으면 한다. In the spring of 2015, the government of Japan submitted a bill related to the criminal justice reform which included investigation·trial collaborative consultation·agreement system and the criminal immunity system. The investigation·trial collaborative consultation·agreement system is an arrangement between the suspect･accused and the prosecutor during the criminal procedure of investigation and prosecution hearings where the suspect·accused cooperate in the investigation of facts and thus, in return, obtain certain favor from the prosecutor. The criminal immunity system is where a certain person, such as an accomplice, waives the right against self-incrimination in exchange for immunity from criminal liability and gives a testimony to be used as an evidence of guilt against the other person. In the summer of 2015, the aforementioned bill relating to criminal justice reform was passed by the House of Representatives but was shelved by the House of Councilors at the time as deliberations were unsecured. Afterwards, in April 2016, the House of Councilors resumed the deliberation for the bill and therefore, it is anticipated that the bill may be passed very soon. In the meantime, according to a recent report in Korea, the prosecution is undergoing serious consideration to adopt the inside witness criminal immunity system. The inside witness criminal immunity system is where criminal liability of an inside person engaged in an organized crime, such as organized violence and corporate corruption, is reduced if he/she makes a confession or testimony about these crimes. As the present conditions for investigation are getting worse, whereas crimes are diversifying and advancing in different forms, we are in a situation where this system should be adopted in order to effectively cope with such organized crimes. Although it is early to define exactly what the inside witness immunity system reported by the press is, the system seems to be similar to the inside witness penalty reduction system and the prosecution immunity system which were deliberated and passed by the Korean Government in 2011. Furthermore, it also seems to be similar to the investigation･trial collaborative consultation･agreement system in Japan. If the discussion on the introduction of the inside witness criminal immunity system is seriously considered, we should refer to the present circumstances of the investigation·trial collaborative consultation·agreement system and the criminal immunity system currently being deliberated by the congress in Japan. This is because these systems are the same with the inside witness criminal immunity system that the Korean prosecution is reviewing in that they both rationalize and diversify the means of collecting evidence. I hope that this material may be useful some day when discussions on the introduction of the inside witness criminal immunity system begins to take place in earnest.

중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생의 언어적 상호작용 분석

최경희,박종윤,최병순,남정희,최경순,이기순 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 중학교 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용이 실제로 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지를 관찰ㆍ분석하여 이에 대한 특징을 추출함으로써 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용에 대한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 수업 분석 준거를 개발하였으며, 8명의 과학 교사의 수업 12차시를 관찰 및 녹화하였으며, 교사와의 면담을 실시하였다. 수업 분석 결과, 관찰한 과학 수업에서 교사와 학생간의 언어적 상호작용은 주로 교사의 단순 확인/기억 질문, 학생의 단답형 응답, 교사의 즉각적 피드백이 주를 이루었다. 교사가 사고 질문을 하고 지연 피드백을 부여 하는 경우 학생들이 자신의 생각을 드러내고 이를 기반으로 사고를 진전시켜 나갈 수 있었으나 이러한 사례는 그 수가 상당히 적었다. 교사들은 학생들의 사고를 유발하고 이를 진전시키기 위한 노력보다는 수업 내용을 논리적 흐름에 맞추어 체계적으로 제시하는 것에 더 큰 중점을 두는 경향이 있었다. 또한 관찰한 수업에서 교사가 시범 실험, 모형 혹은 실물 수업자료 등을 활용할 때 보다 많은 수의 학생들이 적극적으로 수업에 참여하여 자신의 생각을 드러내었으나 교사가 학생들의 생각을 바탕으로 학생들의 사고과정을 진전시켜 나가는 과정을 도모하지 않음으로써 학생들의 사고과정을 단절시키는 경우가 많았다. 따라서 수업 활동과 수업 자료 활용이 효과를 거두기 위해서는 각각의 활용에 있어서 학생들과 구체적으로 어떠한 상호 작용을 형성해야 하는지에 대해 연구가 이루어져야하며, 또한 교사는 교사의 질문이나 피드백이 학생들의 학습에 중요한 역할을 함을 인식해야 한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze verbal interaction between teachers and students in order to collect qualitative data on the characteristics of the interaction to enhance teaching efficacy. Total of 12 classes of eight science teachers were observed and were interviewed. The classes were video taped and all the verbal interactions were transcribed. The transcribed content and interviews were further analyzed to draw any conclusions on the verbal interaction between teachers and students. Analysis criteria for the data on the class and interview were developed based on the literature review and applied to analyze the collected content. The analyzed data showed that verbal interactions composed of confirmation questions for memorization, students' short responses and teacher's immediate feedbacks. The results of the study also suggested that there needs to be further studies on the interactional techniques for teacher in utilizing the class materials and activities. The teachers should acknowledge the importance of the questions and feedbacks of teachers for students to stimulate their sound learning through literatures.

발효조를 이용한 Monascus anka의 적색소와 황색소의 생산

강성국,임종환,정순택,김선재 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Monascus anka를 이용하여 천연식용색소를 대량생산하기 위한 방법을 개발하기 위하여 발효조를 이용하여 적색소와 황색소의 색소생산의 최적 배양 조건과 생산된 색소의 색깔 특성을 조사하였다. Monascus anka 적색소와 황색소를 생산하였는데, 이들 색소는 균체내색소와 균체외 색소로 구분되었다. 균체의 적색소(ERP)는 494nm에서, 균체외 황색소(EYP)는 380nm에서, 균체내 적색소(IRP)는 506nm에서 그리고 균체내 황색소(IYP)는 388nm에서 최대 흡광도를 나타냈다. 적색소와 황색소 생산, 색조의 특성 및 균체증식력을 배양 온도, pH, 쌀가루 농도, peptone 농도, magnesium sulfate 농도, 통기량 및 교반속도에 대하여 조사한 결과 적색소 생산력은 30℃, 초기 pH 6.0, 쌀가루 농도 3~5%, peptone 농도 0.05%, magnesium sulfate 농도 0.25%, 통기량 0.1vvm 교반속도 300rpm의 조건에서 최대치를 보였으며, 이때 ERP, EYP, IRP 및 IYP는 각각 A_494nm 0.84, A_380 nm 0.71, A_506 nm 1.18, A_388 nm 1.10, L값은 각각 29.40, 6.44, 34,98, 8.94, a값은 각각 5.76, -1.08, 11.83, -1.55, b값은 각각 18-19, 3.41 27.26, 6.16 그리고 균체량은 7.4 g/l을 보였다. 또한 황색소 생산력은 온도의 경우 적색소 생산을 위한 최적온도 보다 높은 35℃ 부근에서 우수하였으며 초기 pH와 쌀가루 농도는 적색소 생산을 위한 최적조건과 같았고, 질소원과 무기염의 농도가 높을수록 그리고 통기량이 많을수록 황색소 생산력이 우수하였다. 적색소와 황색소 생산을 위한 발효조의 교반속도는 100~300 rpm이 적합하였다. Production of Red and Yellow Pigments from Monascus anda in a Jar Fermenter, Seong-Gook Kang, Jong-Whan Rhim, Soon-Teck Jung^* and Sun-Jae Kim. Department of Food Engineering. Mokpo National University Chonnam, 534-729, Korea - In order to develop the method for mass production of natural food colorant from Monascus anka, optimum cultivation conditions for producing red and yellow pigments by cultivating the mold in a jar fermenter and their color characteristics were investigated. The mold produced red and yellow pigments both intracellularly and extracellularly. These pigments showed unique light absorption characteristics with maximum absorption of 494, 380, 506, and 388 nm for extracellular red pigment (ERP), extracellular yellow pigment (EYP), intracellular red pigment (IRP), and intracellular yellow pigment (IYP), respectively. Optimum conditions for producing red pigments were found to be temperature 30℃, initial pH 6.0, rice powder 3~5%, peptone 0.05%, magnesium sulfate 0.25%, aeration rate 0.1vvm. Optimum temperature for producing yellow pigments was around 35℃ which is higher than that of producing red pigments. The initial pH rice powder concentration for producing yellow pigments were the same as those of producing red pigments. The higher concentration of nitrogen source and inorganic salt, aeration rate, the more the yellow pigments were produced. Them optimum agitation speed was 100~300 rpm for pigment production.

위절제술 환자의 표준진료지침 개발 및 적용 효과

김은희,김철규,이순교,김순덕,이혜옥,권정순,이경미,이민미,심순미,유용만,신종식,강은희,이상일,김병식,오성태,육정환,박수길 한국의료QA학회 2003 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background : Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Korea. surgical operation is one of the major treatment modalities for gastric cancer patients. Therefore, gastrectomy is one of the most common procedures in General Surgery. There were variation in length of hospital stay and medical treatment for gastrectomy between three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. Clinical pathways have received considerable attention as a tool for recucing the medical practice variation, increasing the efficiency of care process, and improving the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a clinical pathway for gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. Methods : The clinical pathway for gastrectomy was developed and implemented by a multidisciplinary group in Asan Medical Center. A computerized clinical pathway program was developed and revised after a pilot test. A total of 145 patients underwent gastrectomy by three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. We compared the length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, and unplanned readmission rate between the pre-pathway group(n=67) and the post-pathway group(n=78). We also investigated the degree of satisfaction among the physicians and nurses who were main end-users of the clinical pathway. Results : The clinical pathway was applied to all target patients. The average length of hospital stay was shortened from 12.7days to 10.6days(p<0.01). The degree of patient satisfaction with the care process changed from 90.3% to 89.2% after the implementation of the clinical pathway, but the difference was of satistically significant(p=0.761). Unplanned readmission rate was 2.9% in the pre-pathway group. More than 90% of physicians and nurses answered that the clinical pathway had been a useful tool in their medical practice. Conclusions : The findings of the study demonstrated that implementation of the clinical pathway for gastrectomy produced substantial reduction in the length of hospital stay while improving the quality of patient outcomes. The computerized clinical pathway program can be used as one of the powerful patient management tools for reducing the practice variations and increasing the efficiency of care process in Korea hospital settings.

우리나라 長壽者의 生活 및 意識調査에 관한 硏究 - Ⅴ. 過去의 健康疾病 및 苦痛에 대한 態度 -

최진호(Jin-Ho Choi),변재형(Jae-Hyeung Pyeun),임채환(Chae-Hwan Rhim),양종순(Jong-Soon Yang),김수현(Soo-Hyun Kim),김정한(Jeung-Han Kim),이병호(Byeong-Ho Lee),우순임(Soon-Im Woo),최선남(Sun-Nam Choe),변대석(Dae-Seok Byun),김무남(Mu-Nam 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 1994 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.1 No.-

The present study was designed to be link a part of the research on the investigation on daily life and consciousness of the longevous people in Korea, and to investigate the health conditions, and the attitude on disease and suffering of longevous people in the past. 1. By the health conditions of longevous people between 40 and 60 years, ""very good"" showed the highest figure of 71.0%, followed by ""ordinary"" (21.6%). Consequently it is found that 92.6% of total longevous people surveyed maintained the good health conditions above ordinary. 2. Of the experiences of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed the highest figure of 74.7%, while ""had"" showed the only 22.6% of total longevous people surveyed. 3. Of the details of disease and/or injury after 60 years of longevous people. ""digestive disease"" showed the highest figure of 32.6%. followed by ""apoplexia cerebri & hypertensions""(14.0%) and ""heart disease""(14.0%), and followed by ""respiratory disease""(12.3%). 4. Of the experiences of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people, ""never"" showed 53.7% of total longevous people surveyed, while the frequency of suffering decreased in the order of ""once""(22.7%), ""2 times""(15.8%) and ""3 times""(4.7%). By the details of suffering between 40 and 60 years of longevous people. ""family life"" showed the highest figure of 85.1%, followed by ""business""(10.1%). 5. By the attitude on suffering of longevous people, ""tried to forget soon"" showed the highest figure of 54.2%, followed by ""continuous worried""(23.3%), and followed by ""not worried""(7.2%).

대장암 환자에서 Survivin mRNA의 발현과 간 전이와의 연관성

최종순,장희경 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.1

연구배경 및 목적 Survivin은 새로이 고사(아포프토시스)-억제 유전자군에 추가된 유전자이다. Survivin 발현이 대장암에서 보고는 되고 있으나, 상이한 결과들로 논란이 많으며, 임상적 의의에 대해서도 불명확하다. 더욱이 이 유전자는 암 치료나 예방적 항암치료의 표적으로의 가능성이 제기되고 있다. 대장암 survivin 유전자의 발현을 조사하고 임상 및 예후 인자들과의 관련성을 분석하여 대장암의 발생과 임상 측면에서이들 유전자의 역할을 이해하고 예방과 치료에 이용할 수 있는 지를 조사하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 다양한 병기의 37예의 신선한 대장암 수술 조직을 대상으로 하였다. 암 조직과 주위 비종양성 조직에서 전체 mRNA를 분리하여 역전사-연쇄중합효소반응으로 survivin mRNA를 검출하였다. PCR 산물을 확인하기 위하여 아클로닝후에 DNA 염기 분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 대장에서 Survivin의 발현율은 대장암 조직에서는 94.6%였고, 비종양성 조직에서는 51.4%으로, 대장암 조직에서 survivin의 발현이 높았으나, 비종양성 조직에서의 경계성 영역의 유의한 차이가 인정되었다(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). 연령, 성별, 침윤 깊이, 림프절 전이, 혈관과 신경 침범, 간으로의 전이 등의 임상 및 병리학적 인자들과 관련성은 없었다. 결 론 survivin은 대장암에서 암특이적으로 발현되지 않았다 (0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). 대장암의 치료나 chemoprevention에서 SSX(synovial sarcoma on X chromosome gene)와 survivin의 이용은 가능하나 제한적일 것으로 생각된다. SSX와 survivin 발현의 상관성이 인정되지 않으므로, 대장암에서 SSX은 survivin-관련 항아포토시스 경로와는 무관할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Survivin is a novel member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) gene family. Although survivin expression has been reported in colon cancer, the results are still controversial and its clinical significanceincluding chemoprevention remains unclear. Some reports described thegene as a potential target in anticancer or chemopreventive therapy. To facilitate understanding of survivin in the colon cancer, the clinicopathological significance was investigated with the expression of survivin. Methods : Surgical specimen were obtained from a total 37 cases of consecutive patients with various stages of colorectal carcinoma who had undergone a resection. To determine survivin mRNA in colorectal carcinomas and adjacent normal colorectal tissue samples, total RNA was isolated from each of the samples after lysis in quanidinium isothiocyanate and phenol extraction and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was done. The PCR products were confirmed by DNA sequencing after subcloning. Results : The positive rate of survivin in cancer tissue was 94.6%(35/37) and that of non-neoplastic colorectal tissue was 51.4%(19/37). S urvivin expression t ended to i ncrease in c ancer tissue, but h as s tatistically m arginal significance(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). The correlation of survivin expressions to age, gender, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, vessel and perineural invasions, and liver metastasis was not found. Conclusions : The expression of survivin appears not to be eligible to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in colon, even though it has marginal significance(0.05<p=0.065< 0.1). The role of survivin-associated apoptosis may be unnoticeable, in the light of insignificant correlation of gene expression to the other prognostic factors in colon cancer.

간호학과 교육과정 개선을 위한 기초조사

박종숙,박경순 忠州大學校 2010 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.45 No.-

Enhancing the efficiency of the college education curriculum is very important for nurses to equip themselves the required capability, thus the nurses in practice were surveyed for basic data necessary to enhance the curriculum. Two hundred and thirty nine nurses in 2 university hospitals participated in survey on the items of quality of nurses, required nursing curriculum, and practice quality of students. Statistical analysis was pereformed by SPSS program v12.0. Among the quality items required to nurses, capability to deal with emergent situation showed the highest score of 4.58±0.57 followed by attitude and patience in practice, professional specialty, and basic knowledge with scores of 4.52±0.56, 4.47±0.56, and 4.46±0.58, respectively. In addition to quality of clinical practice required to new nurses, the items such as affectionism, and discipline which are related to ethics and self-confidence presented high scores of 2.88±1.65 and 2.87±1.37, respectively. The areas to be strengthened in the nursing curriculum were clinical practice (0.48±0.50), basic nursing practice(0.21±0.41), and humanity education(0.16±0.37). These results can be applied to enhance the efficency of the curriculum in nursing department, leading to educating nurses qualified for practice.