A study of user data integrity during acquisition of Android devices

Son, N.,Lee, Y.,Kim, D.,James, J.I.,Lee, S.,Lee, K. Elsevier 2013 Digital investigation Vol.10 No.suppl

At the time of this writing, Android devices are widely used, and many studies considering methods of forensic acquisition of data from Android devices have been conducted. Similarly, a diverse collection of smartphone forensic tools has also been introduced. However, studies conducted thus far do not normally guarantee data integrity required for digital forensic investigations. Therefore, this work uses a previously proposed method of Android device acquisition utilizing 'Recovery Mode'. This work evaluates Android Recovery Mode variables that potentially compromise data integrity at the time of data acquisition. Based on the conducted analysis, an Android data acquisition tool that ensures the integrity of acquired data is developed, which is demonstrated in a case study to test tool's ability to preserve data integrity.

개질 천연 고분자 응집제에 관한 연구

이순홍,김대인,배중돈,안광호 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 自然科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

수용성 고분자 chitosan은 폐수로부터 현탁물질을 처리하기 위한 효과적인 응집제로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. chitosan은 충분한 양을 확보할 수 있고 무독성이며 2차 오염이 없어 응집제로서 매우 유용하다. 본 연구의 목적은 고기능성 신소재인 분자량 분획 수용성 고분자 chitosan을 분자량별로 각각 100㎎/ℓ로 제조하여 0.1wt%-kaolin 현탁액, 0.1wt%-egg albumin 제조폐수 및 두부공장폐수에 응집제로 사용하여 최적 적용 조건을 검토하였다. 모든 폐수의 응집을 위한 최적 pH는 5, 제조폐수의 응집처리 후 상등액의 투과율은 모두 95% 이상, 두부공장폐수는 약 80%의 투과율을 나타내었다. chitosan blendmer의 경우 chitosan과 CMC(100㎎/ℓ)의 혼합비가 2 : 1 일 때 응집효과가 가장 뛰어났다. Chitosan modified natural polymers can be used as an effective coagulant for the removal of suspended and dissolved solids from wastewater, and doesn't occurred secondary pollution. The present investigation was to evaluate optimum condition for treatment of suspended and dissolved solids from wastewater using plain chitosan and modified chitosan blendmer. Optimum condition for coagulating kaolin suspension, egg albumin suspension and tofu wastewater was pH 5. The highest transmittance of 0.1wt%-kaolin suspension, 0.1wt%-egg albumin suspension and tofu wastewater showed 98.4%(at Mw 800,000Cs), 96.38%(at Mw 200,000Cs) and 79.62%(at Mw 400,000Cs), respectively. In case of chitosan blendmer (CMC : Cs = 1 : 2) the highest transmittance of 0.1wt%-kaolin suspension, 0.1wt%-egg albumin suspension and tofu wastewater showed 95.94%(at Mw 800,000Cs), 95.06%(at Mw 200,000Cs) and 78.38%(at Mw 400,000Cs), respectively.

동화를 이용한 웹 구성 활동이 유아의 어휘력에 미치는 효과

곽준식,김순자,정정란 진주산업대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fairy tale using webbing activation on reading vocabulary capacity of Young Children. The pretest-posttest control group design was used for this research. In the experimental group, webbing activation on contents after reading fairy tale was applied while comparison group followed ordinary class schedule without webbing activation. The subject were 60 of five years old children(31 boys, 29 girls) sampled form two kindergarten in J city located in the southern part of Korea. A total of 10 fairy tale listening sessions were executed. Before and after this program, pretest scores and posttest ones were obtained using vocabulary test. ANCOVA's using pretest as a covariance were applied for the statistical analyses. The results from the analyses were as follows: The children of experimental group using webbing activation showed higher scores in vocabulary test than the control group.

梔子大黃湯과 茵蔯梔子湯 Extract가 白鼠의 肝損傷에 미치는 影響

車宗泰,柳道坤,康舜洙 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1987 圓光醫科學 Vol.3 No.1

An attempt was made to evaluate the effects of Chijadaewhangtang extract (CDE) and Inchinchijatang extract (ICE) on the recovery of hepatotoxicity induced acute treatment of carbon tetrachloride and results were as follows: 1. When rats of carbon tetrachloride-intoxication were treated with CDE and ICE, the serum aspartate aminotransferase activities released from liver were decreased. In ICE treated group, there were significant decrement after 12 hours and more fast return to normal values in comparison with CDE treated group. 2. In CDE and ICE-treated group, as compared with only carbon tetrachloride-treated group there were inhibition of serum alanine aminotransferase elevation and significant decrement was observed in ICE treated group after 48 hours and CDE treated group after 72 hours. 3. Serum alkaline phosphatase values were significantly diminished in CDE and ICE-treated group compared with only carbon tetrachloride intoxicated group. Meaningful diminution was observed in ICE administered group after 48 hours and CDE administered group after 96 hours. 4. Significant decrement of serum lactate dehydrogenase elevation after 96 hours was observed in CDE and ICE-treated group and more fast recover to normal values. 5. Administration of CDE and ICE shortened prothrombin time of plasma and significant recovery was showed in ICE treated group after 72 hours and CDE treated group after 96 hours. From these results, the recuperative effects of CDE and ICE on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity could be verified experimentally.

멀칭재료 및 施肥條件이 감자(Solanum tuberosum L.)의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

정원복,김기영,정순재,황필성 東亞大學校 大學院 2000 大學院論文集 Vol.25 No.-

This study was conducted to effect of mulching materials and fertilizer application level on Growth and Yield in potato. Mulching materials of Clear polyethylene film and Black plyethylene film, Fertilizer application level of Non-treatment, Chemistry fertilizer treatment, Compromise treatment, Fermentation Compost treatment was following, Percent emergence was increase vinyl mulched treatment plot, Stalk diameter and Fresh weight was increase clear polyethylene film+chemistry fertilizer treatment. Tuber Yield per 10a were significantly affected in the plot of clear polyethylene film+compromise treatment.

Differences in Spatial Variation of Soil Chemistry Between Natural and Anthropogenic Soils

Sonn, Yeon-Kyu,Hur, Seung-Oh,Hyun, Byung-Geun,Cho, Hyun-Joon,Shin, Kook-Sik 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.6

The Agricultural Land Remodeling Project was launched for agricultural fields with potential risk of flooding which were placed in low-lying area as a part of agricultural sectors of the National 4 River Project. It induced of the reclaimed agricultural fields on a national scale. The arable lands reestablished by reclamation have caused several big problems such as destruction of soil physicochemical properties, and thus the techniques to solve disadvantages were urgently required. In this study, we collected experimental samples from top soils in three agricultural areas, one from conventional agricultural fields (Hwasun, Jeollanam-do) and the others from reclaimed (remodelled) agricultural fields (Naju, Jeollanam-do and Gumi, Gyeongsangbuk-do), The soil chemistry data were analyzed using statistic tools such as semi-variance and kriging, and differences between natural and reconstructed soils were examined. The score, R (Ao) which indicates a dependence distance between each chemical element, was as follows; 21.8~43.5 (Conventional, Hwasoon), 4.4~70.6 (Remodelled, Naju) and 5.3~43.6 (Remodelled, Gumi). These results suggested that chemical properties of the reclaimed agricultural fields had a huge variation. Moreover, the result of kiriging maps also represented a ununiform pattern in the reclaimed lands. As a result of this study, it is strongly required to build up the soil type-specific management techniques for the reclaimed agricultural lands.

Nek2 and its substrate, centrobin/Nip2, are required for proper meiotic spindle formation of the mouse oocytes

Sonn, Seongkeun,Oh, Goo Taeg,Rhee, Kunsoo Cambridge University Press 2011 Zygote Vol.19 No.1

<B>Summary</B><P>A typical centrosome consists of a pair of centrioles embedded in a proteinous matrix called pericentriolar material. However, the centrosomes in the mouse oocytes and early embryos lack centrioles, but consist of the γ-tubulin-enriched vesicle aggregates. We previously revealed that Nek2 and centrobin/Nip2, a centrosomal substrate of Nek2, is critical for the mouse early embryogenesis, especially at the step of spindle assembly during mitosis. In order to expand our understanding of the biological functions of Nek2, we examined expression and knockdown phenotypes of Nek2 and its substrates, centrobin and C-Nap1, in the mouse oocyte. Nek2, centrobin and C-Nap1 in the mouse oocytes were also centrosomal. Suppression of Nek2 and its substrates did not affect meiotic resumption of the oocytes. However, meiosis of the <I>Nek2</I>- and <I>centrobin</I>-suppressed oocytes was not completed, but arrested with defects in spindle assembly. No visible phenotype was observed in the <I>C-Nap1</I>-suppressed oocytes. These results indicate that Nek2 is critical for proper assembly of the meiotic spindles. Centrobin may be a possible substrate of Nek2 responsible for the meiotic spindle assembly in the mouse oocytes.</P>

Analysis of Catena on Representative Soils derived from Granite and Granite Gneiss

Sonn, Yeon-Kyu,Cho, Hyun-Jun,Hyun, Byung-Keun,Chun, Hyen-Chung,Shin, Kook-Sik 한국토양비료학회 2015 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.48 No.4

Soil catena can be characterized by some properties, such as drainage levels and soil textures. Characteristics of soil catena are different drainage levels from a summit to the direction of gravity and similar soil textures. Therefore this study was performed GIS (Geographic information system) and statistical analyses using perimeters from soil series in order to characterize quantitatively and objectively soil distributional properties in Korea. The total of 16 soil series from representative granite and granite gneiss originated soils were selected among inland soils from detailed soil maps (1:25,000 scale) in Rural Development Administration (RDA) and analyzed. After the detailed soil maps were merged by soil series unit, perimeters were measured from one soil series to neighboring soil series using functions of table join, merge, dissolve, buffer, and clip in ArcGIS (10.1). The covering ratio of each soil series unit was calculated from neighboring perimeters by soil series and applied to clustering analysis. Soils that were analyzed were the total of 16 soil series; 7 of sandy loam and 9 of clay loam. As a result, analyzed soil series adjoined complicatedly such as Hyocheon series adjoined 26 series and Jisan did 276 series. The results of the clustering analysis showed that soils were clustered by soil textures except a few soil series. This study applied only one property that was a length of neighboring soil series to GIS and statistical analyses. These results were compared to existing soil groups that were classified by new-soil taxonomy, texture, soil type and drainage level. It showed that these analyses can provide soil characteristics by soil texture. Based on this study, there is a need to investigate further objectively and quantitatively in statistical analyses of soil series.

Augmentation of natural cytotoxicity by chronic low-dose ionizing radiation in murine natural killer cells primed by IL-2

Sonn, Chung Hee,Choi, Jong Rip,Kim, Tae-Jin,Yu, Young-Bin,Kim, Kwanghee,Shin, Suk Chul,Park, Gil-Hong,Shirakawa, Toshiro,Kim, Hee Sun,Lee, Kyung-Mi Oxford University Press 2012 Journal of radiation research Vol.53 No.6

<P>The possible beneficial effects of chronic low-dose irradiation (LDR) and its mechanism of action in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as cancer are a subject of intense investigation. While animal studies involving long-term exposure to LDR have yielded encouraging results, the influence of LDR at the cellular level has been less well defined. We reasoned that since natural killer (NK) cells constitute an early responder to exogenous stress, NK cells may reveal sentinel alterations in function upon exposure to LDR. When purified NK cells received LDR at 4.2 mGy/h for a total of 0.2 Gy <I>in vitro</I>, no significant difference in cell viability was observed. Likewise, no functional changes were detected in LDR-exposed NK cells, demonstrating that LDR alone was insufficient to generate changes at the cellular level. Nonetheless, significant augmentation of cytotoxic, but not proliferative, function was detected when NK cells were stimulated with low-dose IL-2 prior to irradiation. This enhancement of NK cytotoxicity was not due to alterations in NK-activating receptors, NK1.1, NKG2D, CD69 and 2B4, or changes in the rate of early or late apoptosis. Therefore, LDR, in the presence of suboptimal cytokine levels, can facilitate anti-tumor cytotoxicity of NK cells without influencing cellular proliferation or apoptosis. Whether these results translate to <I>in vivo</I> consequences remains to be seen; however, our data provide initial evidence that exposure to LDR can lead to subtle immune-enhancing effects on NK cells and may explain, in part, the functional basis underlying, diverse beneficial effects seen in the animals chronically exposed to LDR.</P>

Characterization of β-Ketoadipate Pathway from Multi-Drug Resistance Bacterium, Acinetobacter baumannii DU202 by Proteomic Approach

Sonn-Ho Park,Jae-Woo Kim,Sung-Ho Yun,Sun Hee Leem,Hyung-Yeel Kahng,Seung Il Kim 한국미생물학회 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.6

In this study, the biodegradative activities of monocyclic aromatic compounds were determined from the multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii, which were studied in the form of clinical isolates from a hospital in Korea. These bacteria were capable of biodegrading monocyclic aromatic compounds, such as benzoate and p-hydroxybenzoate. In order to determine which pathways are available for biodegradation in these stains, we conducted proteome analyses of benzoate and p hydroxybenzoate-cultured A. baumannii DU202, using 2-DE/MS analysis. As genome DB of A. baumannii was not yet available, MS/MS analysis or de novo sequencing methods were employed in the identification of induced proteins. Benzoate branch enzymes [catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CatA) and benzoate dioxygenase α subunit (BenA)] of the β-ketoadipate pathway were identified under benzoate culture condition and p-hydroxybenzoate branch enzymes [protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase α subunit (PcaG) and 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase (PcaB)] of the β-ketoadipate pathway were identified under p-hydroxybenzoate culture condition, respectively, thereby suggesting that strain DU202 utilized the β-ketoadipate pathway for the biodegradation of monocyclic aromatic compounds. The sequence analysis of two purified dioxygenases (CatA and PcaGH) indicated that CatA is closely associated with the CatA of Acinetobacter radiresistance, but PcaGH is only moderately associated with the PcaGH of Acinetobacter sp. ADP1. Interestingly, the fused form of PcaD and PcaC, carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase (PcaCD), was detected on benzoate-cultured A. baumannii DU202. These results indicate that A. baumannii DU202 exploits a different β-ketoadipate pathway from other Acinetobacter species.