한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Crotonaldehyde-exposed macrophages induce heme oxygenase-1 expression as an adaptive mechanism

Seung Eun Lee,Hana Yang,Gun Woo Son,Hye Rim Park,Young-Ho Jin,Cheung-Seog Park,Yong Seek Park 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.2

Cigarette smoke represents one of the most significant risk factors for the progression of vascular disease. Exposure to cigarette smoke induces oxidative stress in the vascular system and results in vascular dysfunction. Crotonaldehyde, a highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, is a foremost compound of cigarette smoke and a product of endogenous lipid peroxidation. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression plays an essential role in cellular defense against environmental insults and represents an adaptive response. Here, we showed the effects of crotonaldehyde on the induction of HO-1 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Crotonaldehyde treatment resulted in significantly increased phosphorylation of p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Furthermore, treatment with zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP; the specific HO-1 inhibitor) markedly augmented the death of crotonaldehyde-treated macrophages. In summary, these results highlight the role of the HO-1 upregulation through p38 MAPK-Nrf2 activation in the adaptive response to crotonaldehyde in macrophages.

Eriodictyol Protects Endothelial Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death through Modulating ERK/Nrf2/ARE-Dependent Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression

Lee, Seung Eun,Yang, Hana,Son, Gun Woo,Park, Hye Rim,Park, Cheung-Seog,Jin, Young-Ho,Park, Yong Seek MDPI 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.16 No.7

<P>The pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases is complex and may involve oxidative stress-related pathways. Eriodictyol is a flavonoid present in citrus fruits that demonstrates anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neurotrophic, and antioxidant effects in a range of pathophysiological conditions including vascular diseases. Because oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, the present study was designed to verify whether eriodictyol has therapeutic potential. Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a phase II detoxifying enzyme, in endothelial cells is considered to be helpful in cardiovascular disease. In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with eriodictyol showed the upregulation of HO-1 through extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathways. Further, eriodictyol treatment provided protection against hydrogen peroxide-provoked cell death. This protective effect was eliminated by treatment with a specific inhibitor of HO-1 and RNA interference-mediated knockdown of HO-1 expression. These data demonstrate that eriodictyol induces ERK/Nrf2/ARE-mediated HO-1 upregulation in human endothelial cells, which is directly associated with its vascular protection against oxidative stress-related endothelial injury, and propose that targeting the upregulation of HO-1 is a promising approach for therapeutic intervention in cardiovascular disease.</P>

오행화침법(五行和鍼法)의 이론적 고찰 및 운용

심성흠 ( Sung Heum Sim ),감철우 ( Cheol Woo Kam ),김진영 ( Jin Young Kim ),백상인 ( Sang In Baek ),이병권 ( Byung Gwon Lee ),손호영 ( Ho Young Son ) 대한경락경혈학회 2009 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.26 No.4

Objectives: The object of this study is to report on the theory of Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy. Methods: The theory of Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy(OHAT; 五行和針法) is a part of the Five Elements Theory unique to Korea. This research Classic of Difficulty Issues-Nan Jing review Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture Therapy. Results: OHAT, created and developed by Jae-hoon Song, integrates the victor-vanquished as well as the son-mother relationship of the Five Elements of breakdown and restoration of balance between yin and yang. And also, it provides resources and data on The seventy fifth Nan(75難), The sixty ninth Nan(69難) of Classic of Difficulty Issues-Nan Jin 75, 69. OHAT establishes objectiveness and accuracy of diagnosis based upon the traditional method and procedure of pulse taking. In OHAT, a person`s state of illness is diagnosed by applying the comparative examination of the palpitation of the pulse. It is the fact that the pulse varies according to the state, and that OHAT treatment has proven the positive results by using the victor-vanquished relationship on The Nan Jin 75. On the basis of this, it is necessary to add the sixty ninth Nan(69難), to research the theory of the generation of the Five Element. Conclusions: Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture is very effective in treating the wide range of illness, and thus it has gained an increasing attention of many scholars and practitioners in the field of traditional Korean oriental medicine. However, it is the first theoretical attempt to the clinical research and scientific methodology of Ohaeng(Five) Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture, and more active Ohaeng-Hwa Acupuncture R&D is being conducted nationwide.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

漢藥劑抽出液이 分裂細胞에 미치는 影響 : 附子抽出液 에 依한 완두의 根端細胞分裂의 異常 Mitotic abnormalties caused by extracts of Aconite on Pisum sativum root tip cells

孫珍鎬 慶北大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The cytoligical effects of Aconite extracts have been studied with root tip cells of Pisum sativum. Aconite extracts were prepared by evaporationg tincture of aconite (made in lilly Co. U. S. A.) to dryness on water bath and being resuspending the residue thus obtained in water to 10% strength. Remarkable effects after treatment for 4 hours are stickiness of chromosome at metaphase, and sticky bridges and fragments of chromosomes at anaphase or telophase. In addition to these abnormalties, the conjugated nuclei cells were found.

솔나리의 核型

孫珍護 慶北大學校 師範大學 1972 敎育硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

Lilium cernum Komarov is a species which is distributed from Korea to Manchuria. The karyotype of the species was examined in materials collected at Mt. Kaya. The results are follws: 1) The somatic chromosome number was found to be 2n=24. 2) The complement of chromosome consists of two large submedian pairs (A. B) and ten subterminal pairs (C-L). The two chromosome pairs B and D have a secondary constriction in the short arms. The karyotype is discribed as K=24=2A^sm+2B_s^sm+2C^st+2D_s^st+2E^st+2F^st+2G^st+2H^st+2I^st+2J^st+2K^st+2L^st sm: submedian. st: subterminal. s: secondary constriction. 3) The karyotype is similar to the karyotype of Lilium maximowiczii except B-chromosome which was reported by Kumazawa and Kimura in 1947, by Noda in 1956, and by Ogihara in 1960.

상수 고도처리에서 활성탄 재생기술

손성섭,김진오,최광호 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1999 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.2

요 약 국내 상수도는 취수원의 90%이상을 지표수에 의존하므로 하천오염에 따른 수원의 수질악화가 불가피하며, 또한 생활수준 향상에 따라 먹는물 수질기준의 강화가 예상되므로 상수고도처리의 도입이 절실한 실정이다. 오존처리와 활성탄 여과는 현재 가장 널리 적용되는 상수고도처리법으로서, 특히 활성탄 여과는 냄새, 맛, 색도 및 난분해성 유기물질을 흡착하는데 효과적이므로 국내 20여개 정수장에서 적용하고 있다. 활성탄 여과지에 사용되는 활성탄은 피흡착물에 의해 포화흡착된 후 신탄으로 교체하거나 재생공정을 거쳐 재사용하며, 재생 방법으로는 열재생, 용매추출, 생물학적 산화, 화학적 산화 등이 있으나 활성탄을 다량 사용하는 수처리에는 열재생법이 가장 경제적인 방법으로 평가된다. 열재생은 가열에 의해 흡착 유기물을 제거하는 것으로 건조, 탄화, 부활의 공정으로 진행되며, 재생설비로는 다단로, 로타리킬른, 유동층로, 이동층로 등을 고려할 수 있다. 국내에서의 활성탄 재생설비는 제당공장, 연구용 및 고도폐수처리 등에서 일부 사용되고 있으며 상수고도처리 분야에서는 국내 몇 개 정수장에 적용하여 시공단계에 있지만 수질오염의 심각성 및 시설의 경제성을 고려할 때 그 수요가 점차적으로 증가될 것으로 예상된다.

Conceptual Study for Tissue-Regenerative Biodegradable Magnesium Implant Integrated with Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanofi bers

Jin‑Kyung Jeon,Hyunseon Seo,Jimin Park,Soo Ji Son,Yeong Rim Kim,Eun Shil Kim,Jong Woong Park,Woong‑Gyo Jung,Hojeong Jeon,Yu‑Chan Kim,Hyun‑Kwang Seok,Jae Ho Shin,Myoung‑Ryul Ok 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

The excessive initial corrosion rate of Mg is a critical limitation in the clinical application of biodegradable Mg implantsbecause the device loses its fi xation strength before the fractured bone heals. This study suggests a new approach to overcomethis hurdle by accelerating tissue regeneration instead of delaying the implant biodegradation. As angiogenesis is anessential process in early bone regeneration, a Mg implant coated with electrospun nanofi bers containing nitric oxide (NO),which physiologically promotes angiogenesis, is designed. The integrated device enables adjustable amounts of NO to bestored on the NO donor-conjugated nanofi ber coating, stably delivered, and released to the fractured bone tissue near theimplanted sites. An in vitro corrosion test reveals no adverse eff ect of the released NO on the corrosion behavior of the Mgimplant. Simultaneously, the optimal concentration level of NO released from the implant signifi cantly enhances tube networkformation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells without any cytotoxicity problem. This indicates that angiogenesis canbe accelerated by combining NO-releasing nanofi bers with a Mg implant. With its proven feasibility, the proposed approachcould be a novel solution for the initial stability problem of biodegradable Mg implants, leading to successful bone fi xation.

染色體 分染 核型에 依한 韓國産 나리의 系統發生的 硏究

孫珍鎬 慶北大學校 師範大學 1982 敎育硏究誌 Vol.24 No.-

According to the similarity of banding patterns and the proportional increases in total length of chromosomes and C-bands the karyotypic relationships among Lilium species in Korea, such as Lilium amabile Palibin, L. callosum Siebold et Zuccarini, L. cernum Komarov, L. concolor Salisbury var. partheneion Baker, L. distichum Nakai ex Kamibayashi, L. hansonii Leichtlin, L. lancifolium Thunberg, L. maximowiczii Regel and L. miquelianum Makino have been discussed. The closest resemblances in banding patterns were observed in the chromosomes of L. hansonii Leichtlin and L. distichum Nakai ex Kamibayashi. It was assumed that the species of Lilium in Korea differentiate in the directions of 1 : 5 and 1 : 14 proportional increases of C-band length to total chromosome length starting with L. hansonii Leichtlin. The species of Lilium in Korea may be subdivided into 3 groups, such as L. hansonii Leichtlin - L. distichum Nakai ex Kamibayashi, L. callosum Siebold et Zuccarini - L. maximowiczii Regel - L. concolor Salisbury var. partheneion Baker - L. lancifolium. Thunberg (3x) and L. amabile Palibin - L. miquelianum Makino - L. lancifolium Thunberg (2x) - L. cernum Komarov.