Heparin이 망내계세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 초미형태학적 연구

이동철,김중길,임정교,손윤경,서인수,손태중 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1991 慶北醫大誌 Vol.32 No.3

저자들은 heparin 투여후 세망내피계의 초미형태학적 변화를 관찰하기 위해 Sprague-Dawley계 숫쥐에 heparin과 endotoxin을 투여한 후 비장을 채취하여 실험에 이용하였다. 실험군은 heparin 전처치군과 heparin 후처치군으로 나누었으며 비교군으로 heparin 단독투여군과 endotoxin 단독투여군을 설정하여 각각을 투약후 비장을 채취하여 광학현미경 및 전자현미경적 검색을 실시하였다. 실험결과를 요약하면 heparin 단독투여군은 대식세포, 형질세포양 림프아구 및 다핵백혈구가 증가되었고, 대식세포의 탐식능도 항진되었다. 그러나 대식세포자체의 소기관 발달은 현저하지 않았다. Endotoxin 단독투여군은 시간이 갈수록 대식세포의 탐식능이 저하되고, 파괴가 증가되어 수가 감소하였다. 미소혈전이 자주 관찰되었으며 기타세포들의 파괴가 관찰되었다. Heparin 전처치 및 후처치군은 공히 endotoxin군에 비해 대식세포 탐식능이 증가되었다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 heparin의 망내세포에 대한 영향은 주로 대식세포의 탐식능과 수의 증가로 생각되며 이는 정상 및 병적상태 모두에서 일어난다고 생각된다. 또한 ET 투여 전후 heparin을 투여한 실험군에서 공히 대식세포 탐식능이 증가되었으므로 이는 ET shock 후 조직손상으로 분비되는 세망내피계 저하물질에 대해 heparin이 길항작용을 할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 heparin의 대식세포 탐식능항진에 대한 효과는 세포의 직접적인 자극이라기 보다는 탐식과정중 특히 oposonization에 효과를 미칠 것으로 생각된다. The authors studied an ultrastructural changes of reticuloendothelial system after administration of heparin. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were examined after administration of heparin and endotoxin. The experimental groups were divided into heparin pretreated groups and heparin posttreated groups. The control groups were divided into heparin-only groups and endotoxin-only groups. Each animals were sacrificed and spleens were extirpated and examined by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: Heparin-only groups showed proliferation of macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. The phagocytic activity of marcophage is enhanced. The cytoplamic organellar change is not remarkable except increase of secondary lysosomes. Endotoxin-only groups showed decrease of phagocytic cells. The phagocytic activity is also depressed. Destruction of macrophages and other cells are noted. Microthrombi are frequently seen. Both heparin pretreated and heparin posttreated groups revealed relative enhancement of phagocytic activity compaired to endotoxin-only groups. From the result of the experimental study, it appears that the effect of heparin on the reticuloendothelial system is enhancement of phagocytic activity of macrophages both in the coditions of normal and pathologic one. And it also suggests that heparin may act as an antagonizing factor to the reticuloendothelial depressing agent that may be derived from injured organ of endotoxin shock. And the effect of heparin to the phagocytic activity of macrophage may be related to the process of phagocytosis such as opsonization or to the direct cellular stimulation.

합병성 흉막 삼출에 대한 국소적 Urokinase 주입치료 효과에 관한 연구

손동현 ( Dong Hyun Sohn ),윤수미 ( Su Mi Yoon ),김정미 ( Chung Mi Kim ),박익수 ( Ik Soo Park ),손장원 ( Jang Won Sohn ),양석철 ( Seok Chul Yang ),윤호주 ( Ho Joo Yoon ),신동호 ( Dong Ho Shin ),박성수 ( Sung Soo Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2000 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.48 No.3

급성 복증으로 내원한 원발 대망염전 1예

윤재훈 ( Jai Hoon Yoon ),박윤경 ( Yoon Kyung Park ),손병관 ( Byong Kwan Sohn ),전용철 ( Yong Chul Jeon ),손주현 ( Joo Hyun Sohn ),한동수 ( Dong Soo Han ) 대한소화기학회 2007 대한소화기학회지 Vol.49 No.1

Torsion of greater omentum is a rare cause of acute abdomen. However, it should be included in the differential diagnoses in addition to acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and other variable causes of acute abdomen. Diagnosis is usually made at laparotomy for suspected appendicitis. In some cases, computed tomography demonstrates a successful preoperative detection of omental torsion. We report a case of surgically and pathologically proven torsion with subsequent infarction of greater omentum presented as an acute abdominal pain. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2007;49:41-44)

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

간내담관암에 동반된 종양 색전에 의한 폐쇄성 황달

박준용,박경남,한동수,이광수,이민호,조윤주,최호순,이동후,손주현,손영우,기춘석,은창수,전용철,임현철,고병희,함준수,윤병철 대한소화기학회 2000 대한소화기학회지 Vol.36 No.1

Tumor emboli of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in bile duct rarely cause obstructive jaundice. Intraductal tumor embolus is associated with advanced stage of tumor within the liver, and shows poor prognosis and brief survival. However, jaundice by tumor embolus from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma must be distinguished from jaundice by common cause, which can be palliated safely and effectively. A patient presented with 1-month history of jaundice and epigastric pain. On cholangiography, polypoid filling defect was observed in the common hepatic duct, which had dilated proximal intrahepatic bile duct and mass shadow on the left lobe of liver. Tumor resection, embolectomy, and bile duct decompression were performed and the obstructive jaundice was relieved. Tumor embolus from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was confirmed intraoperatively and pathologically as the cause of bile duct obstruction. In this report, we describe the rare case of obstructive jaundice by tumor emboli from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with a review of literatures.

NONLINEAR COLOR-METALLICITY RELATIONS OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. II. A TEST ON THE NONLINEARITY SCENARIO FOR COLOR BIMODALITY USING THE<i>u</i>-BAND COLORS: THE CASE OF M87 (NGC 4486)

Yoon, Suk-Jin,Sohn, Sangmo T.,Lee, Sang-Yoon,Kim, Hak-Sub,Cho, Jaeil,Chung, Chul,Blakeslee, John P. IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.743 No.2

<P>The optical color distributions of globular clusters (GCs) in most large elliptical galaxies are bimodal. Based on the assumed linear relationship between GC colors and their metallicities, the bimodality has been taken as evidence of two GC subsystems with different metallicities in each galaxy and has led to a number of theories in the context of galaxy formation. More recent observations and modeling of GCs, however, suggests that the color-metallicity relations (CMRs) are inflected, and thus colors likely trace metallicities in a nonlinear manner. The nonlinearity could produce bimodal color distributions from a broad underlying metallicity spread, even if it is unimodal. Despite the far-reaching implications, whether CMRs are nonlinear and whether the nonlinearity indeed causes the color bimodality are still open questions. Given that the spectroscopic refinement of CMRs is still very challenging, we here propose a new photometric technique to probe the possible nonlinear nature of CMRs. In essence, a color distribution of GCs is a 'projected' distribution of their metallicities. Since the form of CMRs hinges on which color is used, the shape of color distributions varies depending significantly on the colors. Among other optical colors, the u-band related colors (e. g., u-g and u-z) are theoretically predicted to exhibit significantly less inflected CMRs than other preferred CMRs (e. g., for g-z). As a case study, we performed the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/WFPC2 archival u-band photometry for the M87 (NGC 4486) GC system with confirmed color bimodality. We show that the u-band color distributions are significantly different from that of g-z and consistent with our model predictions. With more u-band measurements, this method will support or rule out the nonlinear CMR scenario for the origin of GC color bimodality with high confidence. The HST/WFC3 observations in F336W for nearby large elliptical galaxies are highly anticipated in this regard.</P>

Gemcitabine and Vinorelbine as second-Line chemotherapy for relapsed non small cell Lung cancer: a phase 2 trial

( Yoon Jae Kim ),( Joo Hyuk Sohn ),( Chul Kim ),( Yong Tai Kim ),( Nae Choon Yoo ),( Joo Hang Kim ) 대한내과학회 2002 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.63 No.-

A Two Layered Approach for Animation Sketching

Sohn, Ei-Sung,Jeon, Jae-Woong,Park, Tae-Jin,Sohn, Won-Sung,Lim, Soon-Bum,Choy, Yoon-Chul Korea Multimedia Society 2009 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.12 No.12

In this paper, we present an animation sketching system using a two layered approach. Animation sketching is a popular technique to create informal animations but it is often suffered by the low-quality output due to a trade-off between convenience and complexity. Our aim is to support sketching practical animation scenes easily and fast while not complicating the simple sketching interface. The key idea is to combine two conceptual stop motion layers, a whiteboard and cutout animation layer, in a seamless interface. As a background, the whiteboard animation layer handles stroke-oriented objects, while the cutout animation layer takes charge of transform-oriented objects. We found that this approach enables users to express more complicated animation fast while still maintaining a concise sketching interface. We demonstrate the usability and flexibility through resulting animations from user experiments.

安東을 中心한 慶北地域의 夏節期 氣溫特性(Ⅰ)

손련규,윤지홍,권성덕,김순철,권태형 安東大學校 安東地域社會開發硏究所 1991 安東開發硏究 Vol.2 No.1

The Andong region that includes Youngju, Bonghwa, Yechon, and Uisung is located in a basin bounded in the northeast and northwest by the Mt. Ranges of Taeback and Soback, and because of the closeness to Andong and Imha dams it has come to experience a large variation in climate. Due to an excessive amount of evaporation of moistures from open surfaces of these dams in the region it has not been possible to avoid heavy fogs, and because of the cooling effect accompanying the evaporation it has come to experience greater variation in temperature. The summer climate of the region may be characterized as follows : 1) The temperatures fall in the eastern coastal region that includes Uljin, Youngduk, and Pohang during the summer when there is a low pressure developed m the southern part of Tonghae following the pattern of high pressure in the north and low pressure in the south induced by the northeastern air current, but the temperatures fall frequently in the interior region that includes Andong, Yougju, Bonghwa, Yechon, Uisung, Sunsan, Kimchon, and Taegu when there is a low pressure region developed there following the pattern of high pressure in the east and low pressure in the west. 2) The temperatures fall equally in both the coastal and interior regions when there is a cold front, spread across east-west line, moving rapidly southward from central region due to a high pressure in the north and a low pressure in the south, and in the interior region the temperatures fall quite rapidly-this trend continues for the next two to three days. 3) The highest temperature during the summer in Kyungbuk region is due to wind effect that may have been resulted from the Foehn-phenomena with the Taeback Mt. Range as boundry. 4) The temperature rises when daily variation is of the pattern of A or B, but the temperature falls when the daily variation is of the pattern C or D. The temperatures fall in the western coast and rise in the interior region when the high pressure region forms a tounge pattern with the axis along the eastern coast. When the axis of the high pressure region is along the western coast, the temperatures rise in both regions, and the amount of rise is comparable, thus creating the pattern E. These five patterns of variation may be considered as the characteristics of the summer weather in the Kyungbuk region.

NONLINEAR COLOR-METALLICITY RELATIONS OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. III. ON THE DISCREPANCY IN METALLICITY BETWEEN GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS AND THEIR PARENT ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES

Yoon, Suk-Jin,Lee, Sang-Yoon,Blakeslee, John P.,Peng, Eric W.,Sohn, Sangmo T.,Cho, Jaeil,Kim, Hak-Sub,Chung, Chul,Kim, Sooyoung,Lee, Young-Wook IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.743 No.2

<P>One of the conundrums in extragalactic astronomy is the discrepancy in observed metallicity distribution functions (MDFs) between the two prime stellar components of early-type galaxies-globular clusters (GCs) and halo field stars. This is generally taken as evidence of highly decoupled evolutionary histories between GC systems and their parent galaxies. Here we show, however, that new developments in linking the observed GC colors to their intrinsic metallicities suggest nonlinear color-to-metallicity conversions, which translate observed color distributions into strongly peaked, unimodal MDFs with broad metal-poor tails. Remarkably, the inferred GC MDFs are similar to the MDFs of resolved field stars in nearby elliptical galaxies and those produced by chemical evolution models of galaxies. The GC MDF shape, characterized by a sharp peak with a metal-poor tail, indicates a virtually continuous chemical enrichment with a relatively short timescale. The characteristic shape emerges across three orders of magnitude in the host galaxy mass, suggesting a universal process of chemical enrichment among various GC systems. Given that GCs are bluer than field stars within the same galaxy, it is plausible that the chemical enrichment processes of GCs ceased somewhat earlier than that of the field stellar population, and if so, GCs preferentially trace the major, vigorous mode of star formation events in galactic formation. We further suggest a possible systematic age difference among GC systems, in that the GC systems in more luminous galaxies are older. This is consistent with the downsizing paradigm whereby stars of brighter galaxies, on average, formed earlier than those of dimmer galaxies; this additionally supports the similar nature shared by GCs and field stars. Although the sample used in this study (the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys/Wide Field Channel, WFPC2, and WFC3 photometry for the GC systems in the Virgo galaxy cluster) confines our discussion to R less than or similar to R-e for giant ellipticals and less than or similar to 10 R-e for normal ellipticals, our findings suggest that GC systems and their parent galaxies have shared a more common origin than previously thought, and hence greatly simplify theories of galaxy formation.</P>