Induction of Th2-related immune responses and production of systemic IgA in mice intranasally immunized with <i>Brucella abortus</i> malate dehydrogenase loaded chitosan nanoparticles

Soh, Sang Hee,Shim, Soojin,Im, Young Bin,Park, Hong-Tae,Cho, Chong-Su,Yoo, Han Sang Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol.37 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this study was to investigate the induction of mucosal immune responses by an important <I>Brucella abortus</I> antigen, malate dehydrogenase (Mdh), loaded in mucoadhesive chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) and immunized intranasally in a BALB/c mouse model. The production of cytokines was investigated in human leukemic monocyte cells (THP-1 cells) after stimulation with the nanoparticles. Mdh-loaded CNs (CNs-Mdh) induced higher interleukin (IL)-6 production than unloaded antigens and TF loaded CNs (CNs-TF). Using ELISpot to quantify cytokines and antibody-secreting cells in the intranasally immunized mice, IL-4 and IgG-secreting cells were found to be significantly increased at 4 weeks and 6 weeks post-immunization in the CNs-Mdh immunized group, respectively. Increases in Mdh-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies were confirmed at 6 weeks after immunization, indicating a predominant IgG1 response. Analysis of the mucosal immune response in the intranasally immunized mice revealed, Mdh-specific IgA and total IgA in the nasal washes, genital secretions, fecal extracts and sera that were remarkably increased in the CNs-Mdh-immunized group compared to the CNs-TF-immunized group except total IgA of nasal wash. Therefore, the results indicated that the intranasal immunization of CNs-loaded <I>B. abortus</I> Mdh antigen effectively induced antigen-specific mucosal immune responses through the elicitation of Th2-related immune responses.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fast Outlier Removal for Image Registration based on Modified K-means Clustering

Soh, Young-Sung,Qadir, Mudasar,Kim, In-Taek The Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processi 2015 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.16 No.1

Outlier detection and removal is a crucial step needed for various image processing applications such as image registration. Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) is known to be the best algorithm so far for the outlier detection and removal. However RANSAC requires a cosiderable computation time. To drastically reduce the computation time while preserving the comparable quality, a outlier detection and removal method based on modified K-means is proposed. The original K-means was conducted first for matching point pairs and then cluster merging and member exclusion step are performed in the modification step. We applied the methods to various images with highly repetitive patterns under several geometric distortions and obtained successful results. We compared the proposed method with RANSAC and showed that the proposed method runs 3~10 times faster than RANSAC.

[FCP 16] Acral lentiginosis associated with Tegafur/Gimeracil/ Oteracil (TS-1)

( Young Joon Park ),( Byoung Woo Soh ),( Jae Min Sung ),( Eun-so Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

Acral lentiginosis refers to an outbreak of multiple lentigines confined to hands and feet. It has been known to be associated with immunosuppressive conditions or administration of immune suppressive medication. Tegafur/ Gimeracil/Oteracil (TS-1) is a combined oral chemotherapeutic agent indicated for advanced gastric cancer. Its association to Acral lentiginosis has not previously been reported. Herein, we describe 2 patients who presented with multiple eruptive skin pigmentation confined to the acral area after receiving TS-1 treatment, in which one of them was confirmed as acral lentiginosis. The resolution of the acral lentiginosis was observed 3 months after discontinuation of TS-1. Dermatologists should be aware of this rare entity in their differential diagnosis of acral pigmentation associated with immune suppressive treatment.

Chitosan microspheres as delivery vesicle for effective mucosal immunity to Brucella abortus malate dehydrogenase (MDH)

( Sang Hee Soh ),( Soojin Shim ),( Young Bin Im ),( Han Sang Yoo ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2018 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Introduction: Brucellosis is a world widespread zoonotic disease that is transmitted from domestic animals to humans, effective and safe vaccine development have been required. In previous study, stimulation of recombinant proteins in THP-1 cells revealed malate dehydrogenase (MDH) as a high pro-inflammatory cytokine inducer. Also, it has been reported to be immunogenic and to be related to the bacterial pathogenesis. Brucellosis can be transmitted via aerosol exposure; hence the induction of protective immunity at respiratory mucosal surfaces is usually an expected attribute in the field of development of new vaccines. Therefore, this study produced delivery vesicle with immunostimulatory activities using chitosan, which is known to enhance mucosal absorption for effective B.abortus MDH delivery to the respiratory tract. Materials and Methods: After protein expression and purification, size and specificity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with an anti-His antibody. Chitosan microspheres (CMs) were prepared based on the ionic gelation of chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate anions. Prepared CMs were dispersed in 1ml of protein solution (4mg/ml, pH 7.4 PBS) and loading efficiency was measured by quantifying the unloaded protein in the supernatant in each time. Transmissible electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering spectrophotometer (DLS) was using to characterize morphology and size distribution. Results: SDS-PAGE profiles indicated purified TF and MDH was 52kDa and 85.71kDa sized, respectively. The recombinant proteins expressed with pCold TF vector were confirmed by western blot using anti-histidine antibody. The loading efficiency of TF and MDH into CMs was 61.23±3.58 and 50.97±0.82 %. TEM results showing that morphologies of CMs were spherical shapes. Average microsphere sizes of CMs, TF-loaded CMs, and MDH-loaded PCMs measured by DLS were 0.32±0.09, 1.87±0.46 and 0.66±0.16Om, respectively, with the increased particle sizes of CMs after the loading of TF and MDH. Release of TF and MDH from loaded CMs was released at 27% and 39% up to 80 hours respectively. Conclusions: Chitosan microspheres were produced and characterized as delivery carriers for effective mucosal immunity. Immune stimulatory activities will be analyzed in THP-1 cells and mice intranasally immunized with the CMs in further studies. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by KHIDI (No. HI16C2130), the BK21 PLUS program and the RIVS, Seoul Nat’l University, Republic of Korea.

Cytokine Production and Toll-like Receptors Expression in THP-1 Cells Stimulated with Brucella abortus Recombinant Proteins

( Young Bin Im ),( Soojin Shim ),( Sang Hee Soh ),( Han Sang Yoo ) 대한인수공통전염병학회 2018 창립총회 및 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2018 No.1

Introduction: Brucella spp. is a causative agent of brucellosis which is a zoonotic pathogen that mainly causes abortion and loss in milk production in domestic animals and serious symptoms in human. Early detection and removal of the intracellular bacteria have been receiving attention because these bacteria invade and survive in macrophages through their ability to modulate host cell function. Moreover, understanding of Brucella pathogenicity could be crucial to prevent and control brucellosis. TLRs are one of the major compounds that play important roles in activation of innate immunity and acquired immunity in host after infection. Methods: Five B. abortus recombinant proteins (rOMP10, rOMP19, rTbpA, rRocF, rMdh) were purified by a histidine column after expression of a trigger factor (TF) fusion protein using the TF cloning system. The production levels of cytokines were analyzed by ELISA and Expressions of TLRs were analyzed by real-time PCR in THP-1 cells after stimulation with the antigens. Results: Culture supernatants of THP-1 cells were assayed by ELISA for TNF-α, IL-1□, IFN-□□and IL-6 production at 12 h and 24 h after stimulation with rOMP10, rOMP19, rTbpA, rRocF and rMdh. The amount of TNF-α after stimulation with three recombinants proteins (rOMP19, rTbpA, and rMdh) was higher than the group stimulated with TF (Control) at 12 h. At 24 h post stimulation, four recombinant protein groups (rOMP19, rTbpA, rRocF, and rMdh) showed significantly high production levels of TNF-α compared to the TF group. Similarly, a significant amount of IL-6 was produced in the three recombinant protein exposure groups at 12 h, whereas stimulation with all recombinant proteins showed high production levels of IL-6 at 24 h, compared to the TF group. However, production levels of the other cytokines (IL-1β and IFN-γ) were not significant when compared to the TF group and the other recombinant protein groups. The expression of TLR4 and TLR8 were significant after the stimulation of THP-1 cells by recombinant proteins. At 12 h post stimulation, the expression of TLR4 was induced by two recombinant proteins (rOMP10 and rRocF), whereas TLR8 expression was induced after stimulation with rOMP19 and rMdh. Conclusion: Five B. abortus recombinant proteins have been investigated for immune responses in human macrophage cell, THP-1 cell. The production of cytokines were evaluated after stimulation with recombinant proteins in THP-1. Of the cytokines, IL-6 production was highly increased by time dependently while TNF-α production was increased at 12 h then decreased at 24 h. The expression of TLR4, TLR8, MyD88 and IRF4 showed differently depending on the stimulation with recombinant proteins. Especially, rOMP19 and rMdh were induced the expression of TLR8 after 12 h. Other factors showed that decreased by time-dependent after stimulation. Therefore, these Brucella abortus recombinant proteins as effective antigen candidates may provide better understandings of Brucella pathogenicity. Of these candidates, rOMP19, rTbpA, and rMdh might have more efficiency for the antigenic determination compared to the others. Acknowledgement: This study was supported by KHIDI (HI16C2130), the BK21 PLUS program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, and the Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.

The Diagnostic Value of a Digital Rectal Examination Compared With High-Resolution Anorectal Manometry in Patients With Chronic Constipation and Fecal Incontinence :

Soh, Jae Seung,Lee, Hyo Jeong,Jung, Kee Wook,Yoon, In Ja,Koo, Hyun Sook,Seo, So Young,Lee, Seohyun,Bae, Jung Ho,Lee, Ho-Su,Park, Sang Hyoung,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Kim, Kyung-Jo,Ye, Byong Duk,Byeon, Jeong-Si American College of Gastroenterology 2015 The American journal of gastroenterology Vol.110 No.8

<P>Digital rectal examination (DRE) is a simple clinical method to diagnose anorectal disorders. High-resolution antorectal manometry (HRAM) based on a spatiotemporal plot is expected to promote improved diagnostic accuracy. However, there are no reports comparing the effectiveness of DRE and HRAM. The aim of our study was therefore to evaluate the diagnostic value of DRE compared with HRAM.</P>

Parallel Connected Component Labeling Based on the Selective Four Directional Label Search Using CUDA

Soh, Young-Sung,Hong, Jung-Woo The Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processi 2015 융합신호처리학회 논문지 (JISPS) Vol.16 No.3

Connected component labeling (CCL) is a mandatory step in image segmentation where objects are extracted and uniquely labeled. CCL is a computationally expensive operation and thus is often done in parallel processing framework to reduce execution time. Various parallel CCL methods have been proposed in the literature. Among them are NSZ label equivalence (NSZ-LE) method, modified 8 directional label selection (M8DLS) method, HYBRID1 method, and HYBRID2 method. Soh et al. showed that HYBRID2 outperforms the others and is the best so far. In this paper we propose a new hybrid parallel CCL algorithm termed as HYBRID3 that combines selective four directional label search (S4DLS) with label backtracking (LB). We show that the average percentage speedup of the proposed over M8DLS is around 60% more than that of HYBRID2 over M8DLS for various kinds of images.

Detecting System of a Single Micro Particle by Combining GMR and Optical Tweezers

Sang-Hyun Park,Young-Suk Park,Gilwon Yoon,Kwang-Sup Soh,Sang-Suk Lee 한국자기학회 2008 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Laparoscopic versus Open Total Mesorectal Excision for Mid or Low Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy

Sung Uk Bae(배성욱),Hyuk Hur,Byung Soh Min,Seung Hyuk Baik,Kang Young Lee,Nam Kyu Kim 대한종양외과학회 2013 대한임상종양학회 학술대회지 Vol.2013 No.3

FCT 6 : Prevention of thyroidectomy scars in Asian adults with low-level light therapy

( Young Joon Park ),( Sang Jin Kim ),( Hyo Sang Song ),( Jeong Hun Lee ),( Euy Young Soh ),( You Chan Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2

Background: Abnormal wound healing after thyroidectomy and a consequent scar is a common dermatologic consultation.Prevention of the possible hypertrophic scars and keloids is known to be challenging. Objectives: The objective of our study was to validate and confirm the efficacy and safety of low-level light therapy (LLLT) for the prevention of thyroidectomy scars on the neck. Methods: Fourty-one South Korean patients with linear surgical suture after thyroidectomy operation were treated with an 830/590nm light-emitting diode (Healite®). Each patient was treated daily of 60J/cm2(11 minutes) for a week starting on post-operation day one and treated 3 times per week for 3 more weeks. The control group consisted of 15 patients without any therapy except application of absorbent foam dressing. The scar prevention effects were evaluated at 1 month and 3 months after surgery.Colorimetric evaluation using a tristimulus color analyzer was done. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Global Assessment Score (GAS) and a subjective score ranging 1 to 4 was also measured. Results: The L* value and a* value decreased significantly on the 3 month follow up visit in the the treated groupcompared to the control group. Also, the average VSS and GAS was lower in the treated group. However, subjective measure did not show significant difference. Conclusion: LLLT using a 830/590nm light emitting diode may efficiently suppress the formation of thyroidectomy scars, and can be safely without noticeable side effects.