소에 있어서의 불소중독증

Greenwood, D A,Shupe, J L,Stoddard, G E,Harris, L E,Nielsen, H M,Olson, L E 한국영양사료학회 1980 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.4 No.1

Clinical fluorosis in livestock was unequivocally diagnosed in Utah for the first time in 1951. In and effort to define and evaluate the fluorosis situation in Utah, personnel of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station began a series of investigations. Initial projects were designed to determine the extent and distribution of fluorosis in plants and animals in several areas of Utah, and to investigate the fluorine content of water and animal feeds. A number of different studies on the biological effects of fluorine compounds on animals and plants were subsequently made by Utah State University scientists. Some of the work was done in collaboration with representatives of the Columbia Geneca Division of the United States Steel Corporation; the Stanford Research Institute; and with Agricultural Experiment Station personnel from California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin. Several sources of fluorides were recognized as possible contributors to livestock ingestion. The most probable sources of the excessive intake in Utah were considered to be: (1) forages subjected to airborne contamination in areas near certain industrial operations that heat fluorine-containing materials to high temperatures and expel fluorides, (2) drinking water high in fluoride content, (3) feed supplements and mineral mixtures high in fluoride content, and (4) vegetation growing on soils high in fluoride content. Particular emphasis in the Utah studied was given to investigating the biological effects of feeding flurine, in the combined or fluoride form, to dairy cattle. A review of reported fluorosis research, as summarized and evaluated by the National Research Council (1960), revealed that Hoffman and Reed (1930) and Reed and Hoffman (1934), Suttie et al, (1957a and b. 1959,m and 1961). Hobbs et al. (1954 and 1962) Schmidt et al. (1954), and Newell et al. (1958) had started animals on experiment when they were one, two, or more years old. Animals in endemic fluorosis areas, however, would logically be exposed to fluoride intakes throughout most of their life-span. The major Utah controlled experiment, therefore, was designed to study the effects of such lifetime exposure. Under field conditions, fluoride intakes will vary from time to time even among aminals in the same herd; however, in the Utah experiments, fluoride intakes were maintained at relatively constant levels throughout the trials. This fact must be borne in mind when extrapolating the experiments involved beef cattle (Bell et al., 1961), sheep (Harris et al., 1958 and 1963), turkeys (Anderson et al., 1955), fish (Angelovic et al., 1961 ; Neuhold and Sigler, 1960 and 1962; and unpublished data), and big game (J. B. Low unpublished data). In addition, thousands of field cases of fluorosis in livestock were observed over a 12-year period, and more than 200 beef and dairy animals of different ages with varying degrees of fluorosis were neeropsied. Data from the controlled experiments have been recorded in appropriate technical journals Harris et al., J. Animal Sci. in press 1964; Mangelson , 1963; Miller and Shupe, 1962; Olson et al., 1958; Shupe et al., 1955, 1962, 1963a, 1963b; Stoddard et al., 1963a, 1963b). It seemed advisable, however, to unite the information derived from the Utah projects on fluorosis in cattle into one comprehensive report. This publication is such a presentation.

Initial-phase Sensitivity Analysis of Harmonic Measurements via Windowed DFT

Shuping Song,Fuzong Wang,Guozhu Cheng 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.4

When the windowed DFT algorithm is applied in harmonic measurements, the problem of initial-phase sensitivitywill be encountered, this has an effect on harmonic amplitude accuracy. In this paper, the origin of initial-phasesensitivity is analyzed and the main factors that influence the level of initial-phase sensitivity are demonstrated. A method of reducing initial-phase sensitivity is proposed to increase the stability of harmonic measurements. We found that initial-phase sensitivity is determined by the side lobe peak level of the window functions whensynchronous deviation is fixed. In addition, increasing the length of the time recorded can be used to remove initialphasesensitivity. The correctness and validity of our conclusions have been confirmed through numerical results andfield tests.

Antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity of glucosamine-zinc(II) complex via non-enzymatic browning reaction

Shuping Wu,Xiangzi Dai,Fangdi Shilong,Maiyong Zhu,Xiaojuan Shen,Kan Zhang,Songjun Li 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

Coordination compounds play an important role in the life process, and have been widely used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we have developed a novel kind of glucosamine-zinc(II) complex (GlcN-ZC) for food additive using non-enzymatic browning reaction. The GlcN-ZC was characterized by FTIR and XRD. Moreover, UV absorbance changes, browning intensity, fluorescence changes, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial assessment of GlcN-ZC were also evaluated. Results showed the GlcN-ZC intermediate compounds were accumulated in non-enzymatic browning while prolonging heating time and melanoidins were produced in the final stage. The fluorescence changes confirmed that fluorophores were formed during the non-enzymatic reaction and fluorescence intensity reached a maximun at 60 min. The highest radical scavenging activity of GlcN-ZC formed after 180 min of heating was 79.2%. Furthermore, GlcN-ZC exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Therefore, GlcN-ZC can be used as a novel promising additive in the food industry.

Initial-phase Sensitivity Analysis of Harmonic Measurements via Windowed DFT

Song, Shuping,Wang, Fuzong,Cheng, Guozhu The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2014 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.15 No.4

When the windowed DFT algorithm is applied in harmonic measurements, the problem of initial-phase sensitivity will be encountered, this has an effect on harmonic amplitude accuracy. In this paper, the origin of initial-phase sensitivity is analyzed and the main factors that influence the level of initial-phase sensitivity are demonstrated. A method of reducing initial-phase sensitivity is proposed to increase the stability of harmonic measurements. We found that initial-phase sensitivity is determined by the side lobe peak level of the window functions when synchronous deviation is fixed. In addition, increasing the length of the time recorded can be used to remove initial-phase sensitivity. The correctness and validity of our conclusions have been confirmed through numerical results and field tests.

Antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity of glucosamine-zinc(II) complex via non-enzymatic browning reaction

Wu, Shuping,Dai, Xiangzi,Shilong, Fangdi,Zhu, Maiyong,Shen, Xiaojuan,Zhang, Kan,Li, Songjun 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

Coordination compounds play an important role in the life process, and have been widely used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we have developed a novel kind of glucosamine-zinc(II) complex (GlcN-ZC) for food additive using non-enzymatic browning reaction. The GlcN-ZC was characterized by FTIR and XRD. Moreover, UV absorbance changes, browning intensity, fluorescence changes, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial assessment of GlcN-ZC were also evaluated. Results showed the GlcN-ZC intermediate compounds were accumulated in non-enzymatic browning while prolonging heating time and melanoidins were produced in the final stage. The fluorescence changes confirmed that fluorophores were formed during the non-enzymatic reaction and fluorescence intensity reached a maximun at 60 min. The highest radical scavenging activity of GlcN-ZC formed after 180 min of heating was 79.2%. Furthermore, GlcN-ZC exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Therefore, GlcN-ZC can be used as a novel promising additive in the food industry.

Different Factors Affecting the Selection of Anaphoric Forms

Ke Shuping(柯淑萍) 세계문화관광학회 2008 Conference Proceedings Vol.9 No.0

The selection of anaphoric forms is not random in context, but a complex multi-dimensional phenomenon affected by different factors. It is not only affected by the discourse structure but also affected by the context, relevant principle and conversational principle. This paper discusses several different factors affecting the selection of anaphoric forms, aiming at further understanding of the contextual consistence and playing a significant role in anaphoric forms selection. 在篇章中前指形式的选择不是随意的,它是较为复杂的受多种因素影响的多维现象。前指成分形式的选择不仅受语篇结构的影响,也受语境、关联原则及会话原则的影响。本文通过分析影响前指形式选择的几种因素,加深对篇章衔接与连贯的认识,同时对前指研究也有一定的借鉴价值。

Morphological and RAPD Variation of Phragmites australis along Salinity Gradient in the Wetlands of the Downstream of Yellow River, China

Zhang, Shuping,Renping Wang,Xinshan Qi,Weihua Guo,Baimin Song 한국생태학회 2004 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.27 No.1

Phragmites australis is the dominant and constructive species among plant communities in the wetlands of the downstream of Yellow River, China. Its morphological characters were high variable in different habitats. Studies on Morphological and RAPD variation of 15 P. australis populations from this region showed that soil salinity was the dominant ecological factor that affected the morphological characters of P. australis. The basal diameter, height, leaf length, leaf width, internode length, internode accounts, panicle length were negatively related to salinity. 194 loci were amplified by RAPD, of which 9 loci was highly negative-related to salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the habitats with fresh water. 4 loci were positively related to the salinity, and showed a tendency to prefer the salinized habitats. Most loci were neutral to salinity. The morphological and genetic characters of BZH were special, and the speciality should not be determined by salinity. The morphological characters were affected by genetic information and environment. The morphological characters should change gradually and continuously along environmental gradient under plasticity, but should changed continuously or not in genetic control. The relevancies among quantitive characters, ecological factors and genetic variation in natural populations still will still be a focus and difficulty of ecological genetics of P. australis in the future.

Structural features and thermoelectric performance of chalcopyrite Cu(In, Ga)Te2 system by isoelectronic substitution

Deng Shuping,Jiang Xianyan,Zhang Ziye,Liu Junjie,Chen Lili,Qi Ning,Tang Xinfeng,Wu Yichu,Chen Zhiquan 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.26 No.-

In this paper, a series of CuIn1-xGaxTe2 samples were prepared by vacuum melting combined with the spark plasma sintering process based on the initial stoichiometric ratios of 1: 1-x: x: 2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0). Crystal results indicate that all Cu(In, Ga)Te2 system samples are the chalcopyrite structure with space group I42d. Thermal analysis results show that all the samples have excellent reproducibility and thermal stability. EPMA data indicates that Ga tended to replace In site instead of Cu or Te. Meanwhile, the roomtemperature carrier concentration of all p-type samples varies from 0.30 × 1019 to 1.25 × 1019cm 3, since carrier mobility changes from 15.16 to 69.27 cm2 V 1 s 1. Ultimately, the significantly reduced total thermal conductivity is observed in the Ga-doped samples, and the maximum ZT value of 0.80 is obtained at 773 K for the CuIn0.8Ga0.2Te2 sample due to the lower thermal conductivity

A preliminary study on dynamic balance performances during normal walking with high-heeled shoes

Hai Qiu,Shuping Xiong 대한인간공학회 2013 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

A preliminary study on investigating the effects of high-heeled shoes on wearers’ dynamic balance performances during normal walking was conducted with 5 healthy female adults. Motion capture and F-scan systems were used to record the biomechanical data and several parameters including vertical position of center of body mass (COM), ankle joint angles and knee joint angles were calculated afterwards. The experimental data at flat shoes and high-heeled shoes were compared and the results showed that wearing high-heeled shoes would result in significantly smaller RMS of time series COM height and restrict the flexibility of lower limbs. This suggested human dynamic balance performance became worse with high-heeled shoes.

Changes in the Expression and Distribution of Claudins, Increased Epithelial Apoptosis, and a Mannan-Binding Lectin-Associated Immune Response Lead to Barrier Dysfunction in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Rat Colitis

( Bosi Yuan ),( Shuping Zhou ),( Youke Lu ),( Jiong Liu ),( Xinxin Jin ),( Haijun Wan ),( Fangyu Wang ) 대한소화기학회 2015 Gut and Liver Vol.9 No.6

Background/Aims: This animal study aimed to define the underlying cellular mechanisms of intestinal barrier dysfunction.Methods: Rats were fed 4% with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce experimental colitis. We analyzed the sugars in 24-hour urine output by high pressure liquid chromatography.The expression of claudins, mannan-binding lectin (MBL), and MBL-associated serine proteases 2 (MASP-2) were detected in the colonic mucosa by immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic cells in the colonic epithelium were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling method assay. Results: The lactulose and sucralose excretion levels in the urine of rats with DSS-induced colitis were significantly higher than those in the control rats. Mannitol excretion was lower and lactulose/mannitol ratios and sucralose/mannitol ratios were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (p<0.05). Compared with the controls, the expression of sealing claudins (claudin 3, claudin 5, and claudin 8) was significantly decreased, but that of claudin 1 was increased. The expression of pore-forming claudin 2 was upregulated and claudin 7 was downregulated in DSS-induced colitis. The epithelial apoptotic ratio was 2.8%±1.2% in controls and was significantly increased to 7.2%±1.2% in DSS-induced colitis. The expression of MBL and MASP-2 in the intestinal mucosa showed intense staining in controls, whereas there was weak staining in the rats with colitis. Conclusions: There was increased intestinal permeability in DSS-induced colitis. Changes in the expression and distribution of claudins, increased epithelial apoptosis, and the MASP-2-induced immune response impaired the intestinal epithelium and contributed to high intestinal permeability. (Gut Liver 2015,9:734-740)