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MNEs and Strategic Philanthropy: Evidence from the Wenchuan (汶川) Earthquake Relief Efforts
Jiyoung Shin,Jon Jungbien Moon 한국국제경영관리학회 2011 국제경영리뷰 Vol.15 No.4
본 연구는 2008년 5월 중국의 쓰촨성(四川省) 원촨 (汶川)에서 발생한 쓰촨성 대지진(四川省 大地震) 사건 이후 중국에 진출한 다국적 기업들의 기부 데이터를 이용하여 다국적 기업들의 기부행위의 전략적, 자선적 특성에 대해 알아보았다. 206개 다국적 기업 및 외국 투자기업의 쓰촨성 대지진 기부현황 데이터를 이용하여, 기업들의 규모, 중국과 모기업의 출신국가 사이의 문화적 차이, 산업적 특성, 중국 안에서의 관시 (guanxi, 关系) 형성 정도에 따라 기부의 규모가 어떻게 달라지는가를 알아보았다. 그 결과, 모기업의 규모가 클수록, 중국과 투자국과의 문화적 거리가 좁을수록, 소비자에게 노출 정도가 큰 기업일수록, 중국에서의 '관시' 형성이 오래되었을수록 기부 활동에 더 적극적인 것으로 나타났으며, 이와 같은 결과를 통해 다국적 기업들의 기부활동을 포함한 CSR 활동이 단순한 자선의 의미가 아닌 기업의 경쟁 전략을 위한 하나의 도구로서 사용하고 있음을 확인하였다. 전 지구적 규모의 재난에 대한 기업들의 구호 활동 참여가 적극적으로 요구되는 최근의 경향으로 미루어 볼 때 본 논문은 기업들에게 많은 시사점을 준다고 할 수 있다. This paper argues that the philanthropic actions by multinational enterprises (MNEs) serve strategic purposes as well as charitable causes. By utilizing the data from 206 MNEs who actively engaged in philanthropic efforts in helping the 2008 Wenchuan (汶川) earthquake victims, we demonstrate the strategic nature of corporate philanthropy by MNEs. We hypothesize that the amount of donation is determined by various firm characteristics, such as the size of the MNE, cultural distance between its home country and China, industry characteristics, and the MNE’s level of establishment in China. In other words, there exist a size effect, a home country effect, an industry effect, and a guanxi effect that influence the amount of donation in the relief effort for this high-profile tragedy. We find that the size of the donation will be larger when the size of the company is larger, the cultural distance is closer, the industry is consumer oriented, and the entry to China is earlier. These findings imply that MNEs conduct philanthropic actions strategically, in order to gain competitive advantage in this important host country.
Jiyoung Shin,Sung-Sup Suh,Moon Kyu Choi 한국청정기술학회 2014 청정기술 Vol.20 No.1
CF₄와 C₂F6의 압력이 20.7 kPa 이하일 경우, 활성탄에의 평형흡착량을 여러 온도(293.15-333.15 K)에서 실험적으로 조사하였다. 실험데이터가 가장 잘 맞을 수 있도록 1차층 흡착으로 Langmuir모델을 쓰고 그 다음 단계에는 Freundlich 물리흡착을 이용하는 이단계모델을 제안한다. 1단계에 대한 흡착엔탈피를 구하기 위해 실험데이터의 최초기울기를 이용하였고, Clausius-Clapeyron식을 사용함으로써 2단계에 대한 흡착엔탈피를 구하였다. CF4의 경우 1, 2단계의 흡착엔탈피는 각각 25.9와 11.8 kJ/mol이고, C₂F6의 경우는 38.7과 38.2 kJ/mol이다. Under low pressures of CF₄ and C₂F6 up to 20.7 kPa, the equilibrium adsorbed quantity on activated carbon was experimentally examined using the volumetric method at various temperatures between 293.15 K and 333.15 K. To give the best fit to the experimental data curve, the two step model (i.e., Langmuir model for the first layer adsorption and then Freundlich physisorption) is suggested. The method of initial slope yielded the enthalpy of adsorption for the first step while we could apply the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to find the heat of adsorption of the second step. They are 25.9 kJ/mol and 11.8 kJ/mol, respectively, with CF4, and 38.7 and 38.2 kJ/mol with C₂F6.
Shin, Jiyoung,Suh, Sung-Sup,Choi, Moon Kyu The Korean Society of Clean Technology 2014 청정기술 Vol.20 No.1
$CF_4$와 $C_2F_6$의 압력이 20.7 kPa 이하일 경우, 활성탄에의 평형흡착량을 여러 온도(293.15-333.15 K)에서 실험적으로 조사하였다. 실험데이터가 가장 잘 맞을 수 있도록 1차층 흡착으로 Langmuir모델을 쓰고 그 다음 단계에는 Freundlich 물리흡착을 이용하는 이단계모델을 제안한다. 1단계에 대한 흡착엔탈피를 구하기 위해 실험데이터의 최초기울기를 이용하였고, Clausius-Clapeyron식을 사용함으로써 2단계에 대한 흡착엔탈피를 구하였다. $CF_4$의 경우 1, 2단계의 흡착엔탈피는 각각 25.9와 11.8 kJ/mol이고, $C_2F_6$의 경우는 38.7과 38.2 kJ/mol이다. Under low pressures of $CF_4$ and $C_2F_6$ up to 20.7 kPa, the equilibrium adsorbed quantity on activated carbon was experimentally examined using the volumetric method at various temperatures between 293.15 K and 333.15 K. To give the best fit to the experimental data curve, the two step model (i.e., Langmuir model for the first layer adsorption and then Freundlich physisorption) is suggested. The method of initial slope yielded the enthalpy of adsorption for the first step while we could apply the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to find the heat of adsorption of the second step. They are 25.9 kJ/mol and 11.8 kJ/mol, respectively, with $CF_4$, and 38.7 and 38.2 kJ/mol with $C_2F_6$.
Decursinol chloroacrylates useful as fungicides
Shin Yun-Jeong,Shin Jiyoung,Jang Hyewon,Son Hokyoung,Kwon Yonghoon 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.65 No.4
Natural products decursin and decursinol angelate were recently reported as benign fungicides for controlling rice blast. Inspired by the structural similarity of the cumarin compounds and gained hint from the skeletal motifs, we designed and prepared synthetic compounds to increase the natural product efficacy and evaluated their antifungal activities against various plant disease pathogens in vitro. Synthetically prepared compound 4 and 5 indeed suppressed the mycelial growth of B. cinerea, F. oxysporum, P. italicum, and R. quercus-mongolicae. Additionally, compound 5 effectively prevents the growth of C. coccodes and C. parasitica. Furthermore, both 4 and 5 possess better inhibitory activities on spore germination of F. oxysporum and M. oryzae than the natural product decursin and commercial pesticide Iprodione. These results suggest that the effect of the lead compound for plant disease protection can be improved by tuning the structure of the original natural product and decursinol chloroacrylates 4 and 5 are candidates for the control of F. oxysporum and M. oryzae. Natural products decursin and decursinol angelate were recently reported as benign fungicides for controlling rice blast. Inspired by the structural similarity of the cumarin compounds and gained hint from the skeletal motifs, we designed and prepared synthetic compounds to increase the natural product efficacy and evaluated their antifungal activities against various plant disease pathogens in vitro. Synthetically prepared compound 4 and 5 indeed suppressed the mycelial growth of B. cinerea , F. oxysporum , P. italicum , and R. quercus-mongolicae . Additionally, compound 5 effectively prevents the growth of C. coccodes and C. parasitica . Furthermore, both 4 and 5 possess better inhibitory activities on spore germination of F. oxysporum and M. oryzae than the natural product decursin and commercial pesticide Iprodione. These results suggest that the effect of the lead compound for plant disease protection can be improved by tuning the structure of the original natural product and decursinol chloroacrylates 4 and 5 are candidates for the control of F. oxysporum and M. oryzae .
MNEs’ Corporate Philanthropy in Emerging Markets: Evidence from China
Jiyoung Shin,Jon Jungbien Moon 한국윤리경영학회 2011 한국윤리경영학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.3
This paper argues that the philanthropic actions by multinational enterprises (MNEs) serve strategic purposes as well as charitable causes. By utilizing the data from 206 MNEs who actively engaged in philanthropic efforts in helping the 2008 Wenchuan (汶川) earthquake victims, we demonstrate the strategic nature of corporate philanthropy by MNEs. We hypothesize that the amount of donation is determined by various firm characteristics, such as the size of the MNE, cultural distance between its home country and China, industry characteristics, and the MNE’s level of establishment in China, i.e. there exist size effect, home country effect, industry effect, and guanxi effect that influence the amount of donation in the relief effort for this high-profile tragedy. We find that the size of the donation will be larger when the size of the company is larger, the cultural distance is closer, the industry is consumer oriented, and the entry to China is earlier. These findings show that MNEs conduct philanthropic actions strategically, in order to gain competitive advantage in this important host country.