An Adaptive Energy Aware Algorithm for Reliable Transmission Sensor Networks

Shi-Hua Cao,Qi-Hui Wang,Li-Dong Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.8

Route maintenance and repair process plays an important role in mobile self-organizing network. On the basis of considering route stability and energy aware routing protocol, a new scheme is proposed in this paper. Firstly, signal strength, rest energy and port queue length are periodically and alternately detected; secondly, cross-layer method is adopted for route maintenance, and the alternate route is actively established for data transmission according to the routing repair mechanism “Make-before-Break”; finally, relevant experiment is carried out in NS2 to simulate and compare the proposed protocol and other similar routing protocols such as RSEA and LAER. The experiment result shows that the new scheme has good performance in the aspects of data packet delivery ratio, overhead control and end-to-end delay.

A Novel Nasal Delivery System of a Chinese Traditional Medicine, Radix Bupleuri, Based on the Concept of Ion-Activated in Situ Gel

Shi-Lei Cao,En Chen,Qi-Zhi Zhang,Xin-Guo Jiang 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.8

The purpose of this study was to develop a nasal in situ gel system for Radix Bupleuri employing gellan gum as a polymer. Radix Bupleuri in situ gel containing 0.2 mL essential oil extracted from 450 g Radix Bupleuri, proper solubilizing agents and gellan gum (0.5% w/v) was prepared and characterized. The antipyretic effect produced by in situ gel formulation was investigated in fevered rabbits and compared to an intranasal solution. The resulting in situ gel was a clear and light-yellow liquid, with viscosity of 346 mPa·s and caproic acid content of 1.31± 0.01 mg/mL. Intranasal administration of this preparation to fevered rabbits decreased body temperature markedly (1.1oC at the doses of oil from 1.5 g Bupleuri/body) and the effect could last for 20-30 h. The results suggest that Radix Bupleuri in situ gel can be greater effective than the solution in the treatment of fever.

A Novel Nasal Delivery System of a Chinese Traditional Medicine, Radix Bupleuri, Based on the Concept of Ion- Activated in Situ Gel

Cao, Shi-Lei,Chen, En,Zhang, Qi-Zhi,Jiang, Xin-Guo 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.8

The purpose of this study was to develop a nasal in situ gel system for Radix Bupleuri employing gellan gum as a polymer. Radix Bupleuri in situ gel containing 0.2 mL essential oil extracted from 450 g Radix Bupleuri, proper solubilizing agents and gellan gum (0.5% w/v) was prepared and characterized. The antipyretic effect produced by in situ gel formulation was investigated in fevered rabbits and compared to an intranasal solution. The resulting in situ gel was a clear and light-yellow liquid, with viscosity of 346 $mPa{\cdot}s$ and caproic acid content of $1.31{\pm}$ 0.01 mg/mL. Intranasal administration of this preparation to fevered rabbits decreased body temperature markedly ($1.1^{\circ}C$ at the doses of oil from 1.5 g Bupleuri/body) and the effect could last for 20-30 h. The results suggest that Radix Bupleuri in situ gel can be greater effective than the solution in the treatment of fever.

인포그래픽 특성이 콘텐츠 구매 의도에 미치는 영향 연구 -유료 e-러닝 상세페이지를 중심으로-

조세웅 ( Cao Shi Xiong ),구자준 ( Koo Ja Joon ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.6

본 연구는 e-러닝 상세페이지에서 제품의 정보를 보다 효과적으로 표현해 소비자 구매 의도에 영향을 미치는 인포그래픽의 특성을 다룬다. 즉 본 연구의 목적은 인포그래픽의 특성들인 유용성, 이해 용이성, 효율성이 소비자의 콘텐츠 구매 의도(유료 e-러닝)에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 연구의 방법으로 인포그래픽의 특성인 유용성, 이해 용이성, 효율성을 원인변수로, 구매 의도를 결과변수로 설정하고, 양자 간의 인과관계를 입증하고자 했다. 아울러 인포그래픽의 정의, 구성요소, 특성, 구매 의도에 관한 관련 문헌들을 통해 그 개념과 특성들을 확인했다. 그리고 유료 e-러닝 상세페이지에서 활용되고 있는 인포그래픽에 대한 사례 분석을 위해 3개의 상세페이지를 그 대상으로 삼았다. 선행연구를 바탕으로 연구 모형과 연구 가설을 설정하고, 인포그래픽을 사용한 상세페이지와 그렇지 않은 페이지에 대해 비교 설문조사를 실시했다. 설문조사는 구매 의도에 영향을 주는 4가지 변수와 인구통계학적 조사로 구성해 2020년 5월 8일부터 2주일 간 온라인을 통해 진행했다. 설문에 참여한 인원은 총357명이며, 조사에 응답한 238부를 연구 자료로 활용해 SPSS 18 통계프로그램을 이용한 다중회귀분석을 실시했다. 그 결과, 인포그래픽의 유용성, 이해 용이성,효율성은 구매 의도에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악됐다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 유료 e-러닝 상세페이지를 제작할 때는 타깃 사용자가 상세페이지의 내용을 신속하게 파악할 수 있도록 상세페이지의 4요소인 레이아웃,그래픽,색채,타이포그래피의 관계를 고려해야 한다는 실무적인 시사점을 제공한다. 사용자의 기대치를 최대한 충족시킬 수 있는 상세페이지는 경쟁 브랜드로부터의 전환을 유도하는 효과도 가져온다. 따라서 e-러닝 기업들은 유료 e-러닝 상세페이지 제작 시 인포그래픽을 활용함으로써 사용자를 구매자로 전환시키는 데 큰 도움을 얻을 수 있을 것이다. This study deals with the characteristics of the infographic that affect consumer purchasing intent by expressing product information more effectively in e-learning detail pages. The purpose is to determine how usefulness, ease of understanding, and efficiency in the characteristics of infographics affect consumers' intention to purchase content (paid e-learning). To this end, the definition, the components, and the characteristics regarding infographics and purchase intention were confirmed by precedent research. Case analysis followed it regarding three of the paid e-learning detail pages using infographics. After establishing a research model and research hypothesis based on previous studies, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the detailed pages with infographics, comparing with the ones without infographics. The purchase intention consisted of four variables and a demographic survey. The survey period was conducted online for two weeks since May 8, 2020. A total of 357 people participated in the survey. 238 copies of the survey were used as research data. Based on the collected questionnaire data, multiple regression analysis was performed using the SPSS 18 statistical program. As a result, the usefulness, ease of understanding, and efficiency of the infographic have a positive effect on purchase intention. The results of this study provide the following practical implications: for the creation of paid e-learning detail pages in the future that the relationship between layout, graphics, colors, and typography, which are the four elements of the detail page, should be considered so that the target user can quickly grasp the details of the detail page. Detailed pages that can meet users' expectations as much as possible also have the effect of inducing a shift from competing brands. Therefore, if a detailed page of the product well adapts the characteristics of the infographic based on these research results, it could increase the purchase intention of its users.

동북아평화에 관한 중국의 입장과 정책

조세공 ( Shi Gong Cao ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원 지구평화연구소 2006 평화학논총 Vol.1 No.1

데이터 시각화 특성이 짧은 영상 채널 운영자의 지속적인 사용 의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 틱톡 FeiGua 데이터 분석 플랫폼을 중심으로-

조세웅 ( Cao¸ Shi Xiong ),구자준 ( Koo¸ Ja-joon ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2021 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.77 No.-

본 연구는 데이터의 시각화 특성이 짧은 영상 플랫폼 채널 운영자의 지속적인 사용 의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 연구자는 먼저 선행연구를 통해 데이터 시각화의 정의, 구성요소, 특성(직관성, 효율성, 심미성), 지속적인 사용 의도에 관한 개념과 특성을 확인했다. 또한 사례연구를 진행하며 짧은 영상 데이터 분석 플랫폼이 주로 구분되는 3가지, 즉 라이브 실시간 모니터링 페이지, 팬 분석 페이지, 영상 데이터 페이지 등을 검토했다. 이를 토대로 연구 모형과 연구 가설을 설정하고, 짧은 영상 데이터 분석 플랫폼을 사용하는 채널 운영자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 또한 연구의 방법은 데이터 시각화의 특성인 직관성, 효율성, 심미성을 원인변수로, 지속적인 사용 의도를 결과변수로 설정하고, 양자 사이의 인과관계를 입증하고자 했다. 설문조사는 플랫폼 채널 운영자의 지속적인 사용 의도에 영향을 주는 4개 변수와 인구통계학 조사로 구성해 2021년 4월 1일부터 1주일 동안 온라인을 통해 진행했다. 설문에 참여한 인원은 총 432명이고, 조사에 응답한 설문지 중에서 총 265부를 연구 자료로 활용해 SPSS 26 통계프로그램을 이용한 다중회귀분석을 실시했다. 연구 결과, 데이터 시각화의 직관성, 효율성, 심미성은 플랫폼 채널 운영자의 지속적인 사용 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악됐다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 다음과 같은 실무적인 시사점이 도출 가능하다. 향후 해당 기업에서 짧은 영상 데이터 분석 플랫폼의 제작에 있어 플랫폼 채널 운영자가 데이터 분석 플랫폼의 콘텐츠를 신속하게 파악할 수 있도록 페이지 정보의 레이아웃, 글자 크기, 색채의 배합 등을 고려한다면 극대화된 심미성을 향상으로 성공적인 데이터 분석 플랫폼 구축이 가능할 것이다. This work aims to analyze the impact of visualization characteristics of data on the continuous usage intent of short video platform channel operators. In other words, the purpose of this work is to identify the impact on image data analysis platforms with quick intuition, efficiency, and aesthetic characteristics of data visualization. To this end, this study identified concepts and characteristics of the definition, components, characteristics, and continuing use intentions of data visualization through prior research. Also, this research reviewed three types that mainly distinguish short video data analysis platforms: live real-time monitoring pages, fan analysis pages, and video data pages. After establishing research models and research hypotheses based on this, surveys were conducted on channel operators using short video data analysis platforms. Intuition, efficiency, and aesthetics, the characteristics of data visualization, were established as causality variables; and continuing use intentions became outcome variables, following the demonstration of the relationships between the two. The survey was conducted online for one week from April 1, 2021, consisting of four variables and demographic surveys that affect platform channel operators' intention to use them continuously. A total of 432 people participated in the survey. A total of 265 questionnaires was used as research data to conduct multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 26 statistical program. The result identified that the three causality variables, intuition, efficiency, and aesthetics of data visualization, positively influence platform channel operators' intention of its continuing use. Therefore, the results of this study allow the following practical implications to be derived: when considering the simple layout of page information, suitable letter size, and tidy color combination, more successful platform construction will be possible as it helps platform channel operators quickly understand the contents of the data analysis in the platform.

Security on Dynamic ID-based Authentication Schemes

Jingxuan Zhai,Tianjie Cao,Xiuqing Chen,Shi Huang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.1

Dynamic ID-based authentication schemes based on password and smart card are widely used to provide two-factor authentication and user anonymity. However, these schemes have one or the other possible security weaknesses. In this paper, we analyze the schemes of Li et al. and Wang et al. published in recent years. After the analysis, we demonstrates that Li et al.’s schemes are vulnerable to off-line password guessing attack if the user’s identity is compromised, Li et al.’s scheme cannot withstand the impersonation attack and linkability attack, Wang et al.’s schemes cannot resist off-line password guessing attack if the attacker steals a smart card, Wang et al.’s schemes fail to provide forward security. Our result shows that none of the existing dynamic ID based authentication schemes can achieve all the desirable security goals.

Equivalent static wind loads analysis of tall television towers considering terrain factors of hilltops based on force measurement experiment

Shi-Tang Ke,Hao Wang,Yao-Jun Ge,Lin Zhao,Shuyang Cao 국제구조공학회 2017 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.63 No.4

Wind field in mountainous regions demonstrates unique distribution characteristic as compared with the wind field of the flat area, wind load and wind effect are the key considerations in structural design of television towers situated in mountainous regions. The television tower to be constructed is located at the top of Xiushan Mountain in Nanjing, China. In order to investigate the impact of terrain factors of hilltops on wind loads, firstly a wind tunnel test was performed for the mountainous area within 800m from the television tower. Then the tower basal forces such as bending moments and shear strength were obtained based on high frequency force balance (HFFB) test. Based on the experiments, the improved method for determining the load combinations was applied to extract the response distribution patterns of foundation internal force and peak acceleration of the tower top, then the equivalent static wind loads were computed under different wind angles, load conditions and equivalent goals. The impact of terrain factors, damping ratio and equivalent goals on the wind load distribution of a television tower was discussed. Finally the equivalent static wind loads of the television tower under the 5 most adverse wind angles and 5 most adverse load conditions were computed. The experimental method, computations and research findings provide important references for the anti-wind design of high-rise structure built on hilltops.

Detection of the expression of a Bombyx mori Atypical Protein Kinase C in BmPLV-Infected Larval Midgut

Cao, Jian,He, Yuanqing,Li, Guohui,Chen, Keping,Kong, Jie,Wang, Fenghua,Shi, Jing,Yao, Qin Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.22 No.2

Protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in many cellular signaling pathways, it participates in many physiological processes, such as cell cycle, growth, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. To investigate the effect of PKC on the silkworm midgut tissue infection of Bombyx mori parvo-like virus (BmPLV), a B. mori atypical protein kinase C (BmaPKC) gene was cloned from larval midgut tissue, expressed in E. coli and purified. Additionally, the BmPLV susceptible silkworm strain and resistant silkworm strain were used to test the effect of the B. mori infection on BmPLV. The result showed that BmaPKC encodes a predicted 586 amino acid protein, which contains a C-terminal kinase domain and an N-terminal regulatory domain. The maximum expression amount of the soluble (His)6-tagged fusion protein was detected after 0.8 mmol/L IPTG was added and cultured at $21^{\circ}C$. The (His) 6-tagged fusion protein revealed about 73 kDa molecular weight which confirmed by western blot and mass spectrography. Furthermore BmaPKC protein were detected at 0-72 h post-infection in BmPLVinfected larval midgut tissue, western blot showed that as time went on, the expression of BmaPKC increased gradually in susceptible strain, the expression quantity on 72 h is 5 times of 0 h. However, in resistant strain, the expression quantity is slightly lower than susceptible strain. But no significant change in resistant strain was observed as time went on. The available data suggest that BmaPKC may involve in the regulation of BmPLV proliferation.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng counteract aberrant autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of mice with cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation

Cao, Yin,Yang, Yingbo,Wu, Hui,Lu, Yi,Wu, Shuang,Liu, Lulu,Wang, Changhong,Huang, Fei,Shi, Hailian,Zhang, Beibei,Wu, Xiaojun,Wang, Zhengtao The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Backgroud: Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs learning and memory by inhibiting hippocampal functioning at molecular and cellular levels. Abnormal autophagy and apoptosis are closely associated with neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. This study is aimed to explore the alleviative effect and the underlying molecular mechanism of stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on the abnormal neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in hippocampus of mice with impaired learning and memory induced by SD. Methods: Mouse spatial learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze test. Neuronal morphological changes were observed by Nissl staining. Autophagosome formation was examined by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, acridine orange staining, and transient transfection of the tf-LC3 plasmid. Apoptotic event was analyzed by flow cytometry after PI/annexin V staining. The expression or activation of autophagy and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: SLSP was shown to improve the spatial learning and memory of mice after SD for 48 h, accomanied with restrained excessive autophage and apoptosis, whereas enhanced activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in hippocampal neurons. Meanwhile, it improved the aberrant autophagy and apoptosis induced by rapamycin and re-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling transduction in HT-22 cells, a hippocampal neuronal cell line. Conclusion: SLSP could alleviate cognitive impairment induced by SD, which was achieved probably through suppressing the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons. The findings may contribute to the clinical application of SLSP in the prevention or therapy of neurological disorders associated with SD.