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金時俊 서울대학교 동아문화연구소 1979 東亞文化 Vol.16 No.-
It was written at the Mao Shi prefaces (毛詩序) that Shi Jing was divided into two groups; the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem. According to this, many scholars published various assertions on how to distinguish the Zheng Poem from the Bian Poem in Shi Jing. Conseguently, these assertions were classified into four sorts. 1) Classification by the chronological order according to the political rise and fall 2) Distinction between eulogy and satire 3) Distinction the Poem which was accompanied by music from the poem which was not accompanied by it, 4) Classification by the style of the poem My study on each assertion leads to the following conclusion: 1) Although those scholars who made the first assertion defined that Shi Jing was published by the chronological order and they distinguished the Zheng Poem from the Bian poem by the table of contents, it is proved that Shi Jing was not published by the chronological order. 2) Those scholars who made the second assertion concluded that Shi-Jing was distinguished between eulogy and satiry at every prologue in Mao Shi and that the Zheng poem and the Bian Poem could be divided into eulogy or satire accordingly. But it is proved herein that the distinction eulogy from satire in Mao Shi prefaces was possible by the country and chronology without the definite standard even though the contents of the poem were the same. 3) Those scholars who made the third assertion divided Shi Jing into two parts. One that was accompanied by music was called the Zheng Poem and the other that was accompanied by music was called the Bian Poem. But it is proved that all of Shi Jing were accompanied by music 4) Those who made the fourth assertion distinguished between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem by the style of the Poem. But looking into the style, it is proved that the distinction between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem is the style itself. Thus, the above classifications seem to be unreasonable so far. Then, why did these assertions come to rise? These assertions were due to the Han scholars who regarded the poem as a remonstration. They attempted to classify the Zheng Poem as the poem of admonition and the Bian poem as that of warning. But they did not succeed in it.
Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1
Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.
Hot Deformation Characteristics and Processing Map Analysis of Pre-Forged AZ80 Magnesium Alloy
Shi‑quan Huang,Ming Lu,Sheng‑lan Luo,Hai‑lin He,You‑ping Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5
The hot deformation behavior of pre-forged AZ80 magnesium alloy is investigated by the isothermal compression tests attemperatures of 523–683 K and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s−1, and analyzed by the processing maps for guiding isothermaldie forging. Flow localization and even cracking occurs at low temperatures and high strain rates, where shear deformationdegree shows a positive correlation with the ��( ̇�� ) value. Two stability regions with high efficiency is found out by theprocessing maps. At common stability region with high temperatures and low strain rates, peak power dissipation efficiencydoes not represent optimum deformation condition as reported in other materials. A Z parameter criterion is introduced forparameters optimization. javascript:void(0); a new stability domain of 523–590 K and 0.0001–0.01 s−1 is observed, which istypical for fine microstructure composed of equiaxed clean α-Mg grains and big particles both about 1 μm (573 K/0.01 s−1).Super plasticity is speculated to occur at that condition.
현대 드라마와 인물의 해체 : 다익셀과 한트케의 극을 중심으로 An dem Dramenstu¨ck Deichsels und Handkes
류시응 한국뷔히너학회 2003 뷔히너와 현대문학 Vol.21 No.-
Die entscheidende Leistung der Dramen der Gegenwart besteht darin, nicht nur die Sprache von ihrer traditionellen Nachahmungsfunktion befreit zu haben, sondem auch die Funktionen der Figuren, die in den modemen Stiicken vorkommen, zu dekonstruieren. Dieser totale Paradigmenwechsel der Figuren schlagt sich am deutlichsten in den Dramen wie Wolfgang Deichsels Juhanni und Peter Handkes LaDt die Lade doch k/emmen. Die Figuren werden immer mehr von der traditionellen kommunikativen Funktion losgelost. Wenn die Figuren des traditionellen Charakters der Kommunikation zwischen der Buhne und dem Publikum enthoben werden, bleibt ihnen nur bedeutungslose Eigenschaft. im Sinne der Figurendekonstmktion. Den dramatischen Helden, der aus den souverhen Kraften seiner Individualitit, gar seines Charakters die dramatische Handlung hervorbringt, gibt es im Drama der Gegenwart nicht mehr. Was dieser Held signifizierte: die Selbstgesetzlichkeit der fraglos mit sich identischen Individualitit und das Subjekt als Sinnmitte der Welt, bildet weder eine Lebenswirklichkeit in unserer Welt noch unser Lebensgefiihl ab. Deshalb sind die Figuren des Dramas insbesondere seit Strindberg und entschieden die des Dramas der Gegenwart mehr oder weniger inkonsistent und destruiert, sind meist bestimmt durch Unsicherheit ihrer Identitat, Verstorung ihrer Selbstwahmehmung, Uneinheitlichkeit ihrer Handlungsantriebe, Verbderlichkeit ihres Selbst, Schwache, Gebrochenheit und Zerstorung ihrer Personlichkeit. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zwei Texte von Deichsel und Handke in bezuf auf das Indentititsproblem behandelt, niimlich die Aufspaltung der Figuren in zwei 'Stimmen' oder zwei 'Ichs'. Bei Peter Handkes LaDr de Lade doch kJemen geht es um die vollige Aufhebung der dramatischen Figur, an deren Stelle der Schauspieler tin. In dem Dramenstuck Wolfgang Deichsels Juhanni kommt eine Frau vor, die eine fiemde stimme hort und danach sich handelt, jemanden zu toten. Vor allem spricht sie mit verstellter Stimme, wobei einer die gewohnliche und der andere die fremde Stimme" anspricht. Es bedeutet eine Art von Ich-Spatung, denn das Ich spaltet sich, wenn sein Gewissen spricht oder schlagt, in einen handelnden und einen das Handeln beurteilenden Teil. Das Stiick Handkes ist ein Drama ohne zusammenhingende Handlung. Es handelt on der Sprache, der Problematik festgelegter sprachlicher Konventionen und stellt verschiedene Bewusstseinsirritationen" dariiber dar. Dabei geht es mnachst damm, dass unsere Sprache vielfaltig floskelhafi, klischiert, stereotypisiert und ritualisiert ist und jeder in slochem Ma5e an sie gewohnt und durch ihre Floskeln, Klischees, Stereotype und RituaIe gepragt ist, dass er manchmal mehr sie reproduziert als sich und seine Auffassung einer Sache sprachlich artikuliert. So losen sich alle t%nf Figuren in seinem Stiick aus der Einstellung, bei vielem unbedingt Bedeutungen sehen zu mussen, und konnen die Lade doch klemmen" lassen, ohne das dies irgendetwas bedeutet. Sie fiihlen sich frei" von der Konvention, vielfiltig Bedeutung darstellen und wahrnehmen zu miissen.
유시은,전우택,조영아,홍창형,엄진섭 연세대학교 통일연구원 2005 통일연구 Vol.9 No.1
Purpose of this study : In 2001, this study that investigate actual conditions about adaptation degree of Korean social life of the North Korean defectors was carried out to 151 people that succeed in chases among 200 the North Korea defectors answer in study. Purpose of this study is as following. First, we wished to search change aspect of actual conditions about South Korea society adaptation of the North Korean defectors who take part in the first investigation for past 3 years. Second, we wished to search difference of adaptation aspect by populational and social element. Third, We wished to suggest things that can be beaconed to efficient support policy of government or private organization and successful South Korea social adaptation method which support the North Korean defectors on the basis of study finding about change of adaptation aspect of the North Korea defectors. Methods of Study : We designated 200 Panels to study and survey actual adaptation conditions of the North Korean defectors on South Korea society synthetically and for long-term. So, chasing about 151 people was possible in 2004. We are fertilized and supplement the questionnaire forming in 2001 and composed the new questionnaires to part of a life, mental state, Body and health. This study among them investigated a standard of living of the North Korean defectors. In this process, interviewer directly asked and recorded questions to reduce individual variation of people who receive interview. Study Results : Government's residence support policy about North Korean secession inhabitants was generally attained as effective and suitable for North Korean inhabitants' early South Korea settlement. Only, government need to discuss about North Korea secession inhabitants' residence support more variously for long-term. Second, education should be supported more actively and variously. Suitable point of education for their needs should make a effect of vocational training or education maximize. This is a very important part. Third, they need guidance and education that can receive more easily law support. Fourth, medical supports and health cares should be achieved continuously and systematically to them since they arrived in South Korea. To supports and studies North Korean secession inhabitants has the large significance to gain a foothold about reunification of North and south. Their South Korea society adaptation is becoming topic of conversation among South Korean. An atmosphere of unity is elated. And interest degrees about North Korean are actually rising as exchanges between South and North Korean is activated. Therefore, the adaptation study about North Korean secession inhabitants will have to be expanded in studies for South Korean, not to be limited in studies for North Korean.
이시영,김신원 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2001 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.4 No.1
Keeping in step with the development of society and the rapid increase of security demand in the 21'st century, Kangwon province promotes the modernization of its facilities and reinforcement of its capability. By expansion of modernized facilities and function, Kangwon province aims at founding the police agency which can be able to provide the security service of good quality in Kangwon society and raise status of Kangwon Police. This design proposal aims at providing the open space which harmonizes traditional elements of Kangwon province and Choonchun district with the beauty of nature and planning the space considering the peculiarity of the police operation.
용해분산법에 의해 제조된 microcapsule의 방출 성능에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
차시환,김용욱 慶熙大學校 材料科學技術硏究所 1992 材料科學技術硏究論集 Vol.5 No.-
Biodegradation of cruid oil at sea surface is limited with nutrients(N,P) concentration. Theoretically, cruid oil can be cleaned up by various skimming devices, but conditions seldem allow to succeed, our studies on the limiting factors of cruid oil biodegradation in natural seawater is responsetothe addition of nutrient(N,P). Nutrient, Consist of the ratio of 10 part ammonium chloride and 1 part of potassium phosphate, were encapsuled with waxes of n-paraffin and bees wax as the wall material. the improved way of preparation of microcapsules by hat methanol for high speed mixing with impeller could decrease the rate of nutrient release from the microcapsules and enhance the maximum amount of nutrient release. We confirm that enhancement of biodegradation by the addition of improved microcapsules. The materials used in the work as well as method of preparation of the spherical microcapsule(melting spray congealing method). For this purpose, the first objective is to obtain some sample(microcapsule) able to deliver the nutrient with a constant or a controlled rate. As a result, the release of nutrient salt in seawater shows interesting kinetics of release : the rate of nutrient salt delivery increases with a positive acceleration when an improved model of the microcapsule(I.M.C) is preparation.