Mid-term Results of Total Hip Arthroplasty for Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis after Acetabular Fracture

Sharath K. Ramanath,Tejas Tribhuvan,Uday Chandran,Rahul Hemant Shah,Ajay Kaushik,Sandesh Patil 대한고관절학회 2024 Hip and Pelvis Vol.36 No.1

Purpose: The prognosis of total hip replacement (THR) after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus THR following non-operative treatment of acetabular fractures is unclear. Few studies have been conducted in this regard. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to perform an assessment and compare the functional outcomes for study subjects in the ORIF and non-ORIF groups during the follow-up period compared to baseline. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal comparative study, which included 40 patients who underwent THR for either posttraumatic arthritis after fixation of an acetabular fracture or arthritis following conservative management of a fracture, was conducted for 60 months. Twenty-four patients had undergone ORIF, and 16 patients had undergone nonoperative/conservative management for acetabular fractures. Following THR, the patients were followed up for monitoring of functional outcomes for the Harris hip score (HHS) and comparison between the ORIF and non-ORIF groups was performed. Results: The HHS showed significant improvement in both ORIF and non-ORIF groups. At the end of the mean follow-up period, no significant variation in scores was observed between the groups, i.e., ORIF group (91.61±6.64) compared to nonORIF group (85.74±11.56). A significantly higher number of re-interventions were required for medial wall fractures and combined fractures compared to posterior fractures (P<0.05). Conclusion: THR resulted in improved functional outcome during follow-up in both the groups; however, the ORIF group was observed to have better functional outcome. Re-intervention was not required for any of the posterior fractures at the end of the mean follow-up period.

Buck-Boost Interleaved Inverter Configuration for Multiple-Load Induction Cooking Application

Sharath Kumar. P,Vishwanathan. N,Bhagwan K. Murthy 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.1

Induction cooking application with multiple loads need high power inverters and appropriate control techniques. This paper proposes an inverter configuration with buck-boost converter for multiple load induction cooking application with independent control of each load. It uses one half-bridge for each load. For a given dc supply of VDC, one more VDC is derived using buckboost converter giving 2VDC as the input to each half-bridge inverter. Series resonant loads are connected between the centre point of 2 VDC and each half-bridge. The output voltage across each load is like that of a full-bridge inverter. In the proposed configuration, half of the output power is supplied to each load directly from the source and remaining half of the output power is supplied to each load through buck-boost converter. With buck-boost converter, each half-bridge inverter output power is increased to a full-bridge inverter output power level. Each half-bridge is operated with constant and same switching frequency with asymmetrical duty cycle (ADC) control technique. By ADC, output power of each load is independently controlled. This configuration also offers reduced component count. The proposed inverter configuration is simulated and experimentally verified with two loads. Simulation and experimental results are in good agreement. This configuration can be extended to multiple loads.

Experimental investigations on performance of concrete incorporating Precious Slag Balls (PS Balls) as fine aggregates

Sharath, S.,Gayana, B.C.,Reddy, Krishna R.,Chandar, K. Ram Techno-Press 2019 Advances in concrete construction Vol.8 No.3

Substitution of natural fine aggregates with industrial by-products like precious slag balls (PS Balls) offers various advantages like technical, economic and environmental which are very important in the present era of sustainability in construction industry. PS balls are manufactured by subjecting steel slag to slag atomizing Technology (SAT) which imparts them the desirable characteristics of fine aggregates. The main objective of this research paper is to assess the feasibility of producing good quality concrete by using PS balls, to identify the potential benefits by their incorporation and to provide solution for increasing their utilization in concrete applications. The study investigates the effect of PS balls as partial replacement of fine aggregates in various percentages (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%) on mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. The optimum mix was found to be at 40% replacement of PS balls with maximum strength of 62.89 MPa at 28 days curing. Permeability of concrete was performed and it resulted in a more durable concrete with replacement of PS balls at 40% and 100% as fine aggregates. These two specific values were considered as optimum replacement is 40% and also the maximum possible replacement is 100%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was done and it was found that the PS balls in concrete were unaffected and with optimum percentage of PS balls as fine aggregates in concrete resulted in good strength and less cracks. Hence, it is possible to produce good workable concrete with low water to cement ratio and higher strength concrete by incorporating PS balls.

Multiple-Load Induction Cooking Application with Three-Leg Inverter Configuration

Sharath Kumar, P.,Vishwanathan, N.,Murthy, Bhagwan K. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.5

Inverter configurations for multiple-load induction cooking applications need development. Inverter configurations for induction cooking applications are used in home appliances based on single coil inverters. For multiple-load configurations, multiple coils are used. They require proper inverters, which provide independent control for each load and have fewer components. This paper presents a three-leg inverter configuration for three load induction cooking applications. Each induction coil powers one induction cooking load. This configuration operates with constant switching frequency and powers individual loads. The output power of the required load is controlled with a phase-shift control technique. This configuration is simulated and experimentally tested with three induction loads. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement. This configuration can be extended to more loads.

Deep Learning based Human Recognition using Integration of GAN and Spatial Domain Techniques

Sharath, S,Rangaraju, HG International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2021 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.21 No.8

Real-time human recognition is a challenging task, as the images are captured in an unconstrained environment with different poses, makeups, and styles. This limitation is addressed by generating several facial images with poses, makeup, and styles with a single reference image of a person using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). In this paper, we propose deep learning-based human recognition using integration of GAN and Spatial Domain Techniques. A novel concept of human recognition based on face depiction approach by generating several dissimilar face images from single reference face image using Domain Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks (DT-GAN) combined with feature extraction techniques such as Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Histogram is deliberated. The Euclidean Distance (ED) is used in the matching section for comparison of features to test the performance of the method. A database of millions of people with a single reference face image per person, instead of multiple reference face images, is created and saved on the centralized server, which helps to reduce memory load on the centralized server. It is noticed that the recognition accuracy is 100% for smaller size datasets and a little less accuracy for larger size datasets and also, results are compared with present methods to show the superiority of proposed method.

Cryopreservation of Human Wharton’s Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following Controlled Rate Freezing Protocol Using Different Cryoprotectants; A Comparative Study

Shivakumar, Sharath Belame,Bharti, Dinesh,Jang, Si-Jung,Hwang, Sun-Chul,Park, Ji-Kwon,Shin, Jeong-Kyu,Byun, June-Ho,Park, Bong-Wook,Rho, Gyu-Jin Korean Society for Stem Cell Research 2015 International journal of stem cells Vol.8 No.2

<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>To compare the effect of three different cryoprotectants on basic stem cell characteristics for the possibility of using well defined, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and serum free freezing solutions to cryopreserve human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) following controlled rate freezing protocol.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human Wharton’s jelly were cryopreserved using 10% DMSO, 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and a cocktail solution comprising of 0.05 M glucose, 0.05 M sucrose and 1.5 M ethylene glycol following controlled rate freezing protocol. We investigated the post-thaw cell viability, morphology, proliferation capacity, basic stem cell characteristics, in vitro differentiation potential and apoptosis-related gene expression profile before and after cryopreservation.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The cryoprotectant 10% DMSO has shown higher post-thaw cell viability of 81.2±0.58% whereas 10% PVP and cocktail solution have shown 62.87±0.35% and 72.2±0.23%, respectively at 0 h immediately thawing. The cell viability was further reduced in all the cryopreserved groups at 24 h later post-thaw culture. Further, the complete elimination of FBS in cryoprotectants has resulted in drastic reduction in cell viability. Cryopreservation did not alter the basic stem cell characteristics, plasticity and multipotency except proliferation rate. The expression of pro-apoptotic <I>BAX</I> and <I>p53</I> genes were higher whilst <I>p21</I> was lower in all the cryopreserved groups when compare to the control group of WJMSCs.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Although 10% DMSO has shown higher post-thaw cell viability compare to 10% PVP and cocktail solution, the present study indicates the feasibility of developing a well-defined DMSO free cryosolution which can improve storage and future broad range applications of WJMSCs in regenerative medicine without losing their basic stem cell characteristics.</P>

Phytochemical Characterization of Vitex negundo Leaves: a Potent Antiandrogenic and Antioxidant Agent

Jayapal Sharath,Rafi Ahmed Shahin Taj,Mahadevaiah Bhagya 한국생약학회 2022 Natural Product Sciences Vol.28 No.3

This study was conducted to characterise phytochemicals and to explore the biological activities of Vitex negundo leaves. The washed, course powder of V. negundo leaves were extracted with different solvents of increasing polarity. All the extracts were characterized and biological activities were compared. The results revealed that the ethanolic and cold water extracts showed the presence of all phytochemicals studied except protein compared to other extracts. Further, the quantitative estimation of phytochemicals showed that the ethanolic extract had highest yield and maximum amount of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids with the least amount of tannins compared to other extracts studied. Furthermore, the highest total polyphenol content corresponds with the potent biological activities. Indeed, in vitro antioxidant and antisteroidogenic activities were highest in the ethanolic extract than others. To conclude, the present study is the first to report the characterization and antiandrogenic property of V. negundo leaf extracts. The ethanolic extract of V. negundo leaves can be used as an antioxidant and antiandrogenic agent. Hence, it can be considered for the treatment of hyperandrogenic conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.

DMSO‐ and Serum‐Free Cryopreservation of Wharton's Jelly Tissue Isolated From Human Umbilical Cord

Shivakumar, Sharath Belame,Bharti, Dinesh,Subbarao, Raghavendra Baregundi,Jang, Si‐,Jung,Park, Ji‐,Sung,Ullah, Imran,Park, Ji‐,Kwon,Byun, June‐,Ho,Park, Bong‐,Wook,Rho, G John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.117 No.10

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The facile nature of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) acquisition in relatively large numbers has made Wharton's jelly (WJ) tissue an alternative source of MSCs for regenerative medicine. However, freezing of such tissue using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for future use impedes its clinical utility. In this study, we compared the effect of two different cryoprotectants (DMSO and cocktail solution) on post‐thaw cell behavior upon freezing of WJ tissue following two different freezing protocols (Conventional [−1°C/min] and programmed). The programmed method showed higher cell survival rate compared to conventional method of freezing. Further, cocktail solution showed better cryoprotection than DMSO. Post‐thaw growth characteristics and stem cell behavior of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) from WJ tissue cryopreserved with a cocktail solution in conjunction with programmed method (Prog‐Cock) were comparable with WJMSCs from fresh WJ tissue. They preserved their expression of surface markers, pluripotent factors, and successfully differentiated in vitro into osteocytes, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and hepatocytes. They also produced lesser annexin‐V‐positive cells compared to cells from WJ tissue stored using cocktail solution in conjunction with the conventional method (Conv‐Cock). Real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis of post‐thaw WJMSCs from Conv‐Cock group showed significantly increased expression of pro‐apoptotic factors (BAX, p53, and p21) and reduced expression of anti‐apoptotic factor (BCL2) compared to WJMSCs from the fresh and Prog‐Cock group. Therefore, we conclude that freezing of fresh WJ tissue using cocktail solution in conjunction with programmed freezing method allows for an efficient WJ tissue banking for future MSC‐based regenerative therapies. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2397–2412, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. <I>Journal of Cellular Biochemistry</I> published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

Multiple-Load Induction Cooking Application with Three-Leg Inverter Configuration

P. Sharath Kumar,N. Vishwanathan,Bhagwan K. Murthy 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.5

Inverter configurations for multiple-load induction cooking applications need development. Inverter configurations for induction cooking applications are used in home appliances based on single coil inverters. For multiple-load configurations, multiple coils are used. They require proper inverters, which provide independent control for each load and have fewer components. This paper presents a three-leg inverter configuration for three load induction cooking applications. Each induction coil powers one induction cooking load. This configuration operates with constant switching frequency and powers individual loads. The output power of the required load is controlled with a phase-shift control technique. This configuration is simulated and experimentally tested with three induction loads. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement. This configuration can be extended to more loads.

Human Adipose Tissue Derivatives as a Potent Native Biomaterial for Tissue Regenerative Therapies

Siva Sankari Sharath,Janarthanan Ramu,Shantikumar Vasudevan Nair,Subramaniya Iyer,Ullas Mony,Jayakumar Rangasamy 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2020 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.17 No.2

Background: Human adipose tissue is a great source of translatable biomaterials owing to its ease of availability and simple processing. Reusing discardable adipose tissue for tissue regeneration helps in mimicking the exact native microenvironment of tissue. Over the past 10 years, extraction, processing, tuning and fabrication of adipose tissue have grabbed the attention owing to their native therapeutic and regenerative potential. The present work gives the overview of next generation biomaterials derived from human adipose tissue and their development with clinical relevance. Methods: Around 300 articles have been reviewed to widen the knowledge on the isolation, characterization techniques and medical applications of human adipose tissue and its derivatives from bench to bedside. The prospective applications of adipose tissue derivatives like autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, stem cells, preadipocyte, adipokines and extracellular matrix, their behavioural mechanism, rational property of providing native bioenvironment, circumventing their translational abilities, recent advances in featuring them clinically have been reviewed extensively to reveal the dormant side of human adipose tissue. Results: Basic understanding about the molecular and structural aspect of human adipose tissue is necessary to employ it constructively. This review has nailed the productive usage of human adipose tissue, in a stepwise manner from exploring the methods of extracting derivatives, concerns during processing and its formulations to turning them into functional biomaterials. Their performance as functional biomaterials for skin regeneration, wound healing, soft tissue defects, stem cell and other regenerative therapies under in vitro and in vivo conditions emphasizes the translational efficiency of adipose tissue derivatives. Conclusion: In the recent years, research interest has inclination towards constructive tissue engineering and regenerative therapies. Unravelling the maximum utilization of human adipose tissue derivatives paves a way for improving existing tissue regeneration and cellular based therapies and other biomedical applications.