Comparative Analysis of Cell-to-Cell Voltage and Internal Parameters Variation for the series/parallel battery pack

Seung?Woo Kim,Pyeong?Yeon Lee,Woo?Yong Kim,Jonghoon Kim 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5

This paper presents the effect of the internal parameter for the number of the parallel of battery packs. Battery packs are consisted of high-power INR-18650 25R cells. Internal parameters are extracted by discharge capacity experiments and open circuit voltage (OCV) - hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) experiments, which are electrical characteristics experiments. Internal parameters such as OCV, voltage deviation, temperature and internal parameters are compared according to parallel connection. This paper proposes a series/parallel-equivalent circuit model made by cell extension and compares the actual battery pack model with the extended battery pack model at a cell. A comparison of the actual battery pack and extended cell model shows analysis of changes in the parallel connection of the battery pack correlated with the safety of battery packs.

국내외 ‘영아’ 관련 연구물의 최근 동향 분석 : 2000년~2013년 발간 논문을 대상으로

이승연,권수현,권연정,김언경,나영이,유주연,최정아 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2015 교육과학연구 Vol.46 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine research trends in infant research published from 2000 to 2013, in order to understand overall aspects in research topics, methods, and subjects in infant research and to suggest directions for future infant research. A total of 2916 journal articles and theses/dissertations, both domestic and foreign, were selected for the analysis. The findings of this study were as follows: First, for the 14 year period, 737 domestic articles, 634 domestic theses/ dissertations, 1242 foreign articles, and 303 foreign dissertations on infant research were published, and there was a steady increase in the number of articles and theses/dissertations over the years. Second, in terms of research topics, different patterns were found between the domestic ones and the foreign ones; the topic of “education and teachers” in the domestic ones and “development” in the foreign ones occurred most frequently. Third, in terms of research methods, the domestic ones employed “survey” the most, and the foreign ones employed “experiment” the most among quantitative research methods; when analyzing the relation between methods and topics, the foreign ones showed clear matches between topics and research methods, while the domestic ones preferred “survey” regardless of the topics. Fourth, in terms of subjects/participants, “infants” were the most researched in both the domestic ones and the foreign ones, followed by “parent” and “teachers.” Among the infants, the domestic ones focused on 25~36-month olds the most, while the foreign ones focused most on 0~12-month olds. In addition, in all types of infant research, there were more single subject studies than multiple subject ones.

자기공명영상용 라디오주파수 코일의 제작에 있어서 동조 및 매칭에 영향을 미치는 전기 용량 값들의 실험적 측정

양경승,신용진,김영섭,한재진,이성길,김승국,김영근,지연상 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 2003 自然科學硏究 Vol.26 No.-

Radio frequency coil which is capable of transmit and receive the signal has been used for image production in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Tuning and matching characteristic of radio frequency coil is major factor determining the image quality. In experiment the used coil was called a staircase type coil which is simplified the birdcage coil and referred to a simple LC resonant circuit. Because the inductance values of the coils are fixed coil performance was examined by changing of the capacitance values. In this study capacitance values were experimentally determined to increase of-tuning and matching effect in junction of the coil between coil endring and BNC cable to obtain the high quality of image.

연구논문 : 제주지역 미세먼지의 장기변동 및 농도변화에 관한 국지기상 분석

박연희 ( Yeon Hee Park ),송상근 ( Sang Keun Song ),이수정 ( Soo Jeong Lee ),김석우 ( Suk Woo Kim ),한승범 ( Seung Bum Han ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Long-term variations of PM_{10} and the characteristics of local meteorology related to its concentration changes were analyzed at 4 air quality sites (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, Donghong-dong, and Gosan) in Jeju during two different periods, such as PI (2001-2006) and PII (2007-2013), over a 13-year period. Overall, the long-term trend of PM_{10} was very slightly downward during the whole study period, while the high PM_{10} concentrations in PII were observed more frequently than those in PI. The concentration variations of PM_{10} during the study period was clarified in correlation between PM_{10} and meteorological variables, e.g. the low (high) PM_{10} concentration with large (small) precipitation or high (low) radiation and in part high PM_{10} concentrations (especially, Donghong-dong and Gosan) with strong wind speed and the westerly/northwesterly winds. This was likely to be caused by the transport effect (from the polluted regions of China) rather than the contribution of local emission sources. The PM_{10} concentrations in “Asian dust” and “Haze” weather types were higher, whereas those in “Precipitation”, “Fog”, and “Thunder and Lighting” weather types were lower. The contribution of long-range transport to the observed PM_{10} levels in the urban center (Ido-dong, Yeon-dong, and Donghong-dong), if estimated by comparison to the data of the background site (Gosan), was found to explain about 80% (on average) of its input.

경쟁 위협과 자기자본비용

임승연(Lim, Seung-Yeon),최가영(Choi, Ga-Young) 한국국제회계학회 2021 국제회계연구 Vol.- No.99

[연구목적] 본 연구에서는 기업의 사업보고서의 비계량적 정보에 기반한 경쟁 변수인 기업의 경쟁 위협과 자기자본비용 간의 관계를 분석하고자 한다. 선행연구에 의하면 기업 간 경쟁이 치열해질수록 기업의 이익이 줄어들고 변동성이 높아지기 때문에 부도 위험이 증가할 수 있지만, 또 한편으로는 이러한 경쟁이 외부의 감독(monitoring) 역할을 하게 되어 경영진과 주주간의 대리인 위험을 감소시켜 정보비대칭 위험이 줄어들 수도 있다. 따라서 기업이 직면한 경쟁 정도는 자기자본비용에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 이는 실증분석의 대상이 된다. [연구방법] Hoberg et al.(2014)에 의해 개발된 기업 수준의 경쟁 위협 변수(Fluidity)를 이용하여 기업이 직면한 경쟁과 자기자본비용 간의 관계를 살펴본다. 또한, 매출 상위기업이나 이익 상위 기업은 경쟁의 선도자(leaders)로서 해당 기업이 제공하는 정보는 독점정보의 공시비용(proprietary cost)이 클 것으로 예상되므로, 매출(이익)의 상위기업으로서 매출액(혹은 당기순이익) 기준으로 상위 10%와 25%에 속하는 기업에 더미변수를 부여하여 기업의 경쟁 변수와 자기자본비용 간의 관계에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 분석한다. [연구결과] 본 연구에서는 경쟁 위협이 심해질수록 자기자본비용이 감소하는 결과를 제시한다. 이는 경쟁이 치열해질수록 경영진과 주주간의 대리인 위험을 감소시켜 정보비대칭 위험이 줄어들기 때문이라고 해석할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 관계는 매출(이익) 측면에서 선도 기업에서는 반대로 나타나고 있다, 즉, 매출(이익)의 상위 기업의 경우 독점정보의 공시비용 때문에 경쟁이 심해질수록 자기자본비용이 증가한다는 결과를 제시한다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구는 정보위험 관점에서 기업 수준의 경쟁 위협과 자기자본비용 간의 관계를 실증분석한 후, 기업이 경쟁의 선도기업인지 여부에 따라 이들 간의 관계가 다름을 보인 최초의 연구이다. 경쟁에서 기업의 위치에 따라 정보위험 역시 달라진다는 것을 시사하고 있다. [Purpose] This study investigates the relation between the firm-level competition using qualitative information based on financial statements and the implied cost of equity capital. While some studies suggest that intensified competition may lead to distress risk due to a decreased profit or its uncertainty, other studies suggest that competition may play a monitoring role and hence decrease information risk caused by the reduced agency problem between manager and owners. Therefore, competition may be related to the cost of equity capital. [Methodology] As a proxy for firm-level competition, we use Fluidity developed by Hoberg et al.(2014) and examine the relation between a firm’s competition and its cost of equity capital. In addition, we divide firms into industry leaders and industry followers based on sales or profit, and then reexamine the relation between firm-level competition and cost of equity capital for the industry leader companies because the leader companies tend to be reluctant to provide their information due to proprietary costs. [Findings] This study provides evidence of the negative relation between firm-level competition and cost of equity capital, suggesting that information asymmetry decreases as competition intensifies. However, for the leader companies, we find the positive relation between firm-level competition and cost of equity capital due to proprietary costs. [Implications] We shed light on information risk in the relation between the firm-level competition and cost of equity capital. This is the first paper to show that the relation between the firm-level competition and cost of equity capital can be different depending on the firm’s competitive status.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

동일한 시료에 대한 국내 기관간의 STR 분석결과 비교 : STR 유전자좌 분석법의 표준화 설정을 위하여

박종태,신경진,양윤석,우광만,이숭덕,이승환,이정빈,정연보,조승희,한길로,한면수,홍승범 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This paper described a collaborative exercise intended to see what kinds of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are used in different DNA typing laboratories in Korea and to compare their results for the demonstration whether uniformity of DNA profiling results from different laboratory could be achieved in Korea Laboratories were asked to test five tissue DNAs using methods routinely used in each laboratory and to report the results to the coordinating laboratory. The exercise demonstrated that each laboratory was using different STR loci for the typing with different STR numbers,2 VNTRS,36 STRs and amelogenin in total, and the direct comparison of the results from all the laboratory for the 18 loci could not be done as only one laboratory submitted typing results. Among 21 loci for which several laboratories submitted typing results, results for 14 loci were the same and results for the other 7 loci were different depending on the participating laboratory. D1S80, F13A01, D16S539, D21S11, D18S51, D3S1744 were the loci with different typing results. Even in the cases where commercial kits were used, the results were not the same depending on the machines used, that is the capillary electrophoresis or the gel based electrophoresis. The reason for the different results, points about the standardization of the methods arid the profiling data were described.

엔트로피 샘플링 몬테카를로 방법을 이용한 1FSD 단백질의 열역학적 성질 연구

김승연 한국교통대학교 2019 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.54 No.-

Thermodynamic properties of 1FSD protein are investigated by using entropic sampling Monte Carlo method, UNRES force field for amino acids, and high-performance large-scale massive computing. Entropy of 1FSD protein is obtained as a function of energy. Also, probability distribution function can be calculated as a function of energy at any temperature, even at an extremely low temperature, where other methods cannot yield the probability distribution function. Finally, the specific heat of 1FSD protein is obtained as a continuous function of temperature, indicating clearly the folding temperature of 1FSD protein.

컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 이용한 빌린 머리 부분 단백질 HP-36 연구

김승연 한국교통대학교 2020 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.55 No.-

The properties of villin headpiece subdomain HP-36 protein, consisting of thirty six amino acids, are studied by using in-silico computer simulation, in particular, entropic-sampling Monte Carlo simulation. First, microcanonical entropy S(E), as a function of energy E, of villin headpiece subdomain HP-36 protein is evaluated by using high-performance massive electronic computer. Next, canonical probability distribution functions P(E;T), as functions of energy E and temperature T, of villin headpiece subdomain HP-36 protein are obtained for different temperatures, and their properties are discussed.

몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 방법을 이용한 베타노바 단백질의 미소정준 엔트로피 연구

김승연 한국교통대학교 2021 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.56 No.-

Betanova protein is a designed small protein, consisting of twenty amino acids, to investigate the fundamental properties for the beta structures of proteins. The structure of betanova protein is a three-stranded beta sheet. The microcanonical entropy S(E), as a function of energy E, of betanova protein is obtained by using entropic-sampling Monte Carlo simulation method and large-scale massive computing. From the microcanonical entropy, probability distribution function P(E;T) at any given temperature T can be correctly evaluated for betanova protein, even in low temperatures.