가압가열 및 microwave에 의한 중력분 반죽 gliadin의 항원성 변화

곽지희(Ji-Hee Kwak),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),이청조(Chung-Jo Lee),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),김동현(Dong-Hyun Kim),선우찬(Chan Sunwoo),정슬아(Seul-A Jung),김현지(Hyun-Jee Kim),최정수(Jung-Su Choi),김성원(Seong-Won Kim),안동현(Dong-Hyun 한국식품과학회 2012 한국식품과학회지 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구에서는 가압가열 및 microwave 처리에 의한 중력분 반죽 추출물 내의 gliadin 단백질의 항원성 변화에 대해 살펴보았다. 중력분 반죽에 가압가열과 microwave를 단독 또는 병행으로 처리하여 ci-ELISA, SDS-PAGE 및 immunoblotting을 실시하였으며, 가압가열 처리에 의해서 anti-gliadin IgG 항체와 gliadin과의 결합력이 다소 감소한 것을 확인하였다. 특히 30 min 이상 처리시 더욱 감소한 것으로 나타났으며, SDS-PAGE와 immunoblotting 결과에서도 gliadin band의 강도가 약해지고 항체와의 반응도 나타나지 않았다. Microwave 처리의 경우, 5 min 이상 처리시 일부 gliadin 단백질의 소실이 관찰되었으나, 항원성에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 또한 가압가열 및 microwave 병행 처리에 의해 항원-항체 결합력이 더욱 감소되었으며, 특히 가압가열 50 min, microwave 10 min 처리시 약 35.0%로 감소되었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 가압가열 처리에 의해 중력분 반죽 추출물 내 gliadin의 항원성이 감소되는 것을 확인하였으며, microwave와 병행 처리하는 경우, 더욱 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal physical treatment to reduce the antigenicity of gliadin in wheat dough. Medium wheat dough was treated with an autoclave (5, 10, 30, and 50 min at 121℃, 1 atm), a microwave (1, 5, and 10 min) or both (10, 30, and 50 min/5, 10 min). The proteins in the dough extracts were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and the binding ability of anti-gliadin IgG to gliadin was examined by ci-ELISA and immunoblotting. Results showed that the ability of anti-gliadin IgG to bind to gliadin in wheat dough treated with an autoclave alone or in combination with a microwave was decreased. Especially, it declined to ~77% after autoclaving for 30 min and 35% after both autoclaving for 50 min and microwaving for 5 min. In addition, the intensity of gliadin bands in SDS-PAGE were weakened and anti-gliadin IgG did not recognize gliadin in immunoblotting. However, microwaving alone did not affect the antigenicity of gliadin in wheat dough. These results indicate that autoclaving may affect the reduction of the antigenicity of gliadin in medium wheat dough. Moreover, autoclaving in combination with microwaving is more effective for reducing the antigenicity of wheat dough.

가압가열 및 Microwave 처리에 의한 중력분 Gliadin의 항원성 변화

곽지희(Ji-Hee Kwak),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),이청조(Chung-Jo Lee),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),김동현(Dong-Hyun Kim),선우찬(Chan Sunwoo),정슬아(Seul-A Jung),강주연(Ju-Youn Kang),김현지(Hyun-Jee Kim),최정수(Jung-Su Choi),김성원(Seong-Won 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.40 No.10

본 연구에서는 가압가열 및 microwave 처리가 gliadin의 항원성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 중력분에 가압가열과 microwave를 단독 또는 병행으로 처리하여 Ci-ELISA, SDS-PAGE 및 immunoblotting을 실시하였다. 가압가열 처리의 경우, 처리 시간이 길어질수록 IgG와의 결합력이 감소하였으며, 특히 50분 처리구에서 약 69%로 가장 낮은 결합력을 보였다. 또한 SDS-PAGE와 immunoblotting 결과에서도 무처리구에서 강하게 보였던 gliadin band가 처리에 의해 거의 소실되고 항체와 반응하지 않았다. 가압가열 및 microwave를 병행 처리한 경우도 마찬가지로 gliadin의 결합력이 다소 감소하였으며, 처리구 중에서는 가압가열 50분, microwave 5분 처리구에서 약 73%로 가장 낮은 결합력을 보였다. 반면 microwave를 단독으로 처리하였을 때에는 일부 단백질의 변화는 관찰되었으나 항원성 감소에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 통해 가압가열을 단독 처리에 의해 gliadin의 항원성이 다소 감소되었으며, microwave 병행 처리에 의한 차이는 크게 나타나지 않은 것을 확인하였다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of physical treatments on the antigenicity of gliadin in medium wheat flour. The wheat flour was treated with an autoclave (5, 10, 30, 50 min), a microwave (1, 5, 10 min), and both (10, 30, 50 min/ 5, 10 min), and investigated by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and Ci-ELISA using anti-gliadin IgG. The results showed that the binding ability of anti-gliadin IgG to gliadin in wheat flour was slightly decreased when autoclaved or when autoclaved and microwaved. Especially, it was reduced to about 69% after autoclaving for 50 min and 73% after autoclaving for 50 min and microwaving for 5 min. In addition, gliadin bands in the 50 min autoclaved group disappeared in both SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. On the other hand, the antigenicity of gliadin was unaffected by microwaving alone. Consequently, there were no considerable changes in using an autoclave alone or in combination with a microwave. These results suggest that autoclaving may affect the reduction of the antigenicity of gliadin in medium wheat flour.

Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of a pGT2-VEGF Plasmid DNA After Administration in Rats

Son, Mi-Kyung,Choi, Jae-Hoon,Lee, Dong-Sop,Kim, Chae-Young,Choi, Seul-Min,Kang, Kyung-Koo,Byun, Jonghoe,Kim, Duk-Kyung,Kim, Byong-Moon Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2005 Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology Vol.46 No.5

Intramyocardial administration of gene therapy vectors expressing angiogenic factors have been attempted as an alternative to conventional surgical methods for the management of myocardial ischemia. In this study, we have developed the pGT2-VEGF, a plasmid DNA vector expressing human VEGF165, for the management of ischemic cardiovascular disease and investigated in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of pGT2-VEGF after intramyocardial and intravenous administration in rats. A high concentration of pGT2-VEGF was observed in the heart after intramyocardial injection of 300 μg, which is in line with the assumption that direct intramyocardial delivery enables extended localization at the administration site. Leakage of the pGT2-VEGF to the blood circulation was observed after intramyocardial injection, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 3.8 μg min/mL, as compared with 37.3 μg min/mL after intravenous injection of the same dose. The pGT2-VEGF concentration in blood peaked at 5 minutes after intramyocardial administration and declined rapidly to undetectable levels by 2 hours post-administration. In tissue distribution studies, pGT2-VEGF peaked at 5 minutes post-administration in various organs but was undetectable at 2 hours in all organs except heart, lung, and liver. Taken together, the results suggest that intramyocardial-delivered pGT2-VEGF was degraded rapidly in vivo and mainly persisted in target tissues, the heart. In addition, intramyocardial-administered pGT2-VEGF was expressed for longer periods than the persistence of the pGT2-VEGF plasmid DNA in a target tissue. Therefore, a direct myocardial injection of pGT2-VEGF might be useful for local therapeutic angiogenesis.

열수전처리를 이용한 탈지미세조류로부터 발효당 생산 공정 개발

이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),신슬기 ( Seul Gi Shin ),최강훈 ( Kang Hoon Choi ),조재민 ( Jae Min Jo ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Kim ) 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.54 No.4

미세조류 세포벽은 셀룰로오스가 주요 구성성분으로 리그닌을 포함하지 않아 낮은 온도의 전처리 조건에서도 효과적으로 셀룰로오스와 헤미셀룰로오스 분해가 가능하다. 차세대 바이오매스로 주목 받는 미세조류(Tetraselmis KCTC12236BP)로부터 120 oC 이하의 낮은 온도 조건에서 열수전처리를 이용한 발효당 생산 증대를 위해 공정조건을 최적화하였다. 주요 공정조건인 추출온도, 황산농도와 추출시간에 따른 당화율 변화를 확인하였을 때, 온도와 황산농도가 글루코오스 생산에 큰 영향을 컸으며 당화율이 비례하여 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 경제성을 고려한 열수전처리 최적조건은 120 oC, 2 mol 황산, 40분으로 95.9%의 당화율을 얻을 수 있었다. 탈지미세조류의 황산 열수전처리와 효소당화를 비교했을 때, 황산 열수전처리의 당화율이 2.1배 이상 높고 전처리 시간이 짧아 황산 열수전처리가 효소당화에 비해 효과적인 공정임을 확인하였다. The microalgae have cellulose as a main structural component of their cell wall and the lignin content in microalgae is much lower than other lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, fermentable sugar production from microalgae (Tetraselmis KCTC 12236BP) can be carried out under pretreatment without high temperature and high pressure. It was investigated that the effect of hot-water pretreatment using sulfuric acid for lipid extracted algae which is expected to be a next generation biomass. The effects of three major variables including extraction temperature, acid concentration and time on the enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated. Among the tested variables, temperature and acid concentration showed significant effects and optimum pretreatment conditions for the economic operation criteria were obtained as follows: reaction temperature of 120℃, sulfuric acid concentration of 2 mol and pretreatment time of 40 min. Under the optimum conditions of acidic hot water pretreatment, experimentally obtained hydrolysis yield were 95.9% which showed about 2.1 fold higher compared with enzymatic hydrolysis process. Therefore, acid pretreatment under mild condition was proven to be an effective method for fermentable sugar production from lipid extracted microalgae.

선박용 고도수처리장치에서 MBR 복합 적용에 따른 SBR 공법의 침전공정 제어를 통한 평가

최영익 ( Young-ik Choi ),윤영내 ( Young-nae Yoon ),서민성 ( Min-seong Seo ),이슬기 ( Seul-kee Lee ),한영립 ( Young-rip Han ),성낙창 ( Nak-chang Sung ),정진희 ( Jin-hee Jung ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.5

본 연구는 국제해사기구(IMO)에서 채택한 MEPC. 227(64)의 기준에 부합하는 선박용 오수처리장치를 개발함에 있어 SBR 공법을 적용한 고도수처리장치에 MBR 복합 적용에 따른 SBR 반응조 침전시간 제거 가능성을 평가하는 것에 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 실험 중 10분 간격으로 DO를 측정하였으며 최종 유출수의 T-N 농도를 측정하여 유입수 대비 유출수의 제거율을 구하였다. 원수는 실험을 위해 제작된 화장실에서 배출된 오수를 이용하였으며 SBR 반응조의 경우 폭기 360분, 교반 120분으로 진행되었으며 침전시간은 생략하였다. 반응조의 MLSS 농도는 3,500 mg/L 이고, 폭기량은 121 L/min이며 생산수량은 1.2 L/min으로 진행되었다. 실험 결과 DO는 폭기 상태에서 최대 4.33 mg/L, 교반 중 무산소 상태에서 0.27 mg/L로 나타났으며 T-N의 유입수 대비 유출수 평균 제거율은 71.78%로 나타났다. 이는 MEPC. 227(64)의 기준(70% 제거율)을 달성한 것으로, 따라서 SBR 공법에서 MBR을 복합 적용 시 SBR 반응조의 침전시간을 제거하는 것이 가능하다고 판단된다. The objective of this study was evaluation of possibility for deleting sedimentation at an advanced wastewater treatment plant for shipboard that can satisfy the standards of IMO MEPC. 227(64). DO was measured at 10 minute intervals during the experiment and removal efficiency was determined by measuring the T-N concentration in the effluent water. Raw water was supplied from the toilet built for experiment. SBR process was conducted with aeration 360 mins, mixing 120 mins and settling period was omitted. This experiment was conducted with MLSS concentration, 3,500 mg/L, amount of air supplied 121 L/min and intake treated water 1.2 L/min. Average of DO in the aeration period and in the anoxic period were 4.33 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L respectively. And average removal efficiency of T-N is 71.78%. This research can achieve the MEPC. 227(64). Therefore, it is possible to delete sedimentation process in SBR reactor when SBR process is connected with MBR process.

만성 신장 질환이 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중의 예후에 미치는 영향

최준석 ( Joon Seok Choi ),김하연 ( Ha Yeon Kim ),옥찬영 ( Chan Young Oak ),김민지 ( Min Jee Kim ),김창성 ( Chang Sung Kim ),오슬현 ( Seul Hyun Oh ),이형철 ( Hyung Chul Lee ),박정우 ( Jeong Woo Park ),배은희 ( Eun Hui Bae ),마성권 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.78 No.5

목적: 만성 신장 질환은 관상동맥 질환의 독립적인 위험인자로 알려져 있다. 하지만 심혈관 질환의 다른 형태인 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중과 만성 신장 질환과의 연관관계에 대해서는 아직 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 저자들은 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중 환자에서 만성 신장 질환의 진행 정도에 따라 예후에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중으로 내원한 환자 282예를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 통해 만성 신장 질환의 진행 정도에 따른 예후와의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 사구체 여과율은 Cockcroft-Gault 공식과 Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) 공식을 이용하여 측정하였다. 사구체 여과율에 따라 세 군으로 분류하여 분석을 시행하였다(I 군: ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, II 군: 45~59 mL/min/1.73 m2, III 군: 15~44 mL/min/1.73 m2). 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중 발생 1개월과 12개월 후에 추적관찰을 통하여 사구체 여과율 감소에 따른 사망률 및 요양기관 재원률의 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: Cockcroft-Gault 공식을 사용한 군의 1년 사망률은 군에서 6.0%, II 군에서 20.3%, III 군에서 21.1%였으며 상대적으로 MDRD 공식을 사용한 군의 1년 사망률은 9.1%, 12.5%, 37.5%로 관찰되었다. Cockcrfot-Gault 공식을 사용한 군의 1년 사망률에 대한 odds ratio는 II 군에서 3.97 (1.7~9.2, 95% CI), III 군에서 4.16 (1.2~14.5, 95% CI)이며 사구체 여과율의 감소에 따라 odds ratio가 증가하였다. MDRD 공식을 사용한 군에서 1년 사망률에 대한 odds ratio는 1.43 (0.5~4.4, 95% CI), 6.00 (1.3~26.8, 95% CI)으로 관찰되었다. Adjusted odds ratio는 양 공식을 사용한 군 모두에서 사구체 여과율의 감소에 따라 odds ratio의 증가가 관찰되었다. 결론: 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중 환자에서 사구체 여과율의 감소 및 만성 신장 질환의 중등도는 사망률 증가 및 불량한 예후와 관계가 있었다. Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease is recognized as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. It is unknown whether renal function predicts clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke. The present study was aimed at examining the correlation between the degree of renal dysfunction and stroke outcome. Methods: Our retrospective study included 282 consecutive patients hospitalized due to acute ischemic stroke. Renal function was assessed by the estimated Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using two methods: Cockcroft-Gault equation and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. Each of the estimated GFRs were categorized into three groups (Group I: ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, Group II: 45~59 mL/min/1.73 m2, Group III: 15~44 mL/min/1.73 m2). From collected patient databases, we compared mortality and rate of hospitalization to GFR at 1 month and 12 months follow up. Results: Our study found that, based on the GFR, the 1 year mortality, using the Cockcroft-Gault equation, was 6.0% in group I, 20.3% in group II and 21.1% in group III and, using the MDRD equation, 9.1%, 12.5% and 37.5%, respectively. Patients with lower GFRs exhibited an increased odds ratio for 1 year mortality when estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation: 3.97 (1.7~9.2, 95% CI) in group II and 4.16 (1.2~14.5, 95% CI) in group III. Based on the MDRD equation, patients with lower GFRs also exhibited an increased odds ratio for 1-year mortality: 1.43 (0.5~4.4, 95% CI) in group II and 6.00 (1.3~26.8, 95% CI) in group III. The adjusted odds ratio for 1-year mortality also increased based on our analysis using either equation. Conclusions: Decline of GFR and severity of chronic kidney disease are associated with poor clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke. (Korean J Med 78:602-609, 2010)

Amelioration of cerebral infarction and improvement of neurological deficit by a Korean herbal medicine, modified Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang.

Choi, Yookeum,Kim, Seul-Ki,Choi, In-Young,Ju, Chung,Nam, Kung-Woo,Hwang, Sunyoung,Kim, Byung-Woo,Yoon, Min Ji,Won, Moo-Ho,Park, Yong-Ki,Kim, Won-Ki Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2011 Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology Vol.63 No.5

<P>Objectives??Modified Bo-Yang-Hwan-O-Tang (mBHT) is an improved herbal formula of BHT, which has been widely used to treat ischaemic stroke in East Asia, by the addition of five herbs having anti-ischaemic properties. In this study, we investigated whether mBHT would reduce cerebral ischaemic injury in rats. Methods??Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and subsequent 22-h reperfusion. mBHT was administered either intraperitoneally twice 15?in before and 15?in after, or orally once 30?in or 120?in after the onset of MCAO (50 or 200?g/kg each). Key findings??Intraperitoneal administration of mBHT markedly reduced the cerebral infarct size and neurological deficit caused by MCAO/reperfusion. mBHT treatment also significantly improved long-term survival rate after cerebral ischaemic injury. Oral administration of mBHT 30?in after ischaemia also markedly reduced the infarct size after cerebral ischaemia. The anti-ischaemic effect of mBHT was significantly, but not fully, reduced when mBHT-induced hypothermia was abolished. In cultured cortical neurons, we further found that mBHT decreased oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-evoked neuronal injury by inhibiting production of reactive oxygen species, decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and activation of caspase-3. However, mBHT did not inhibit N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitotoxicity. Conclusions??Taken together, our data suggest that mBHT has multiple anti-ischaemic properties and would be a good therapeutic herbal prescription for the treatment of cerebral ischaemic stroke.</P>

Gene Expression of GX-12, a New Naked DNA Vaccine for HIV Infection, in Reproductive Organs

Seul Min Choi,Kyung Koo Kang,Dong Sup Lee,Jae Hoon Choi,Yong Sung Sohn,Chae Young Kim,Byung Moon Kim,Won Bae Kim 한국독성학회 2003 Toxicological Research Vol.19 No.1

GX-12 is a naked DNA vaccine developed by the DongA Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and Genexine fror the treatment ofr HIV infection. This study was performed to evaluate the biodistribution and expression of GX-12 mRNA in gonadal tissues. and to investigate the histopathological changes after the repeated intramuscular injection. GX-12 (400μg/head) was injected into the left anterior tibialis once a week for four weeks. On day 1, 5, 15, 30 and 45 after the final administration, gonadal tissues (testes, epididymis, seminal vesicles, penis, prostate glands, ovaries, vagina, uterus) and the injection site (muscle) were harvested and examined for the expression of mRNA by RT-PCR. In addition, histopathological examination was harvested and examined for the expression of mRNA injection site, mRNA expression of GX-12 was detected only at early time points (1~15 days after injection) but not thereafter. However, in gonadal tissues, mRNA expression was no identified at all time points both in male and female rats. There were no histopathological changes in all reproductive organs and muscle. Based on these results, it is unlikely that the plasmid DNAs of GX-12 was distributed to- and expressed in gonadal tissues, suggesting that the chance of germline integration and transmission is negligible.

Beneficial Effects of the Combination of Amlodipine and Losartan for Lowering Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Seul Min Choi,Kyung Koo Kang,안병옥,Moohi Yoo,Mi Jeong Seo,Jeong Hoon Kim 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.3

A combination of antihypertensive agents can better control blood pressure and reduce the number and severity of side effects than a monotherapy. Since both CCBs (calcium channel blockers) and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor type-1 blockers) are current and effective antihypertensive drugs, this study assessed the synergistic antihypertensive effects as well as the optimal combination ratio of these two drugs. Amlodipine (3 mg/kg) or losartan (30 mg/kg) alone or a combination of each drug at a ratio 1:10 and 1:20 was administered orally to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A four-week treatment of either 3 mg/kg amlodipine or 30 mg/kg losartan alone decreased the systolic blood pressure (SBP). However, their combination significantly lowered the SBP from the 3rd week, and there was a positive correlation between this reduction in blood pressure and the improvement in arterial endothelium-dependent relaxation. In addition, the combination therapy (1:20) decreased both the cardiac mass and left ventricular weight to a greater extent than with either amlodipine or losartan alone. The collagen content in the cardiac tissue was also significantly lower after the 4-week combination therapy (1:10). These results suggest that the combined use of amlodipine and losartan might be more effective in treating hypertension than a monotherapy.

Effects of DA-6034, a Flavonoid Derivative, on Mucin-like Glycoprotein and Ocular Surface Integrity in a Rabbit Model

Min Choi, Seul,Jeong Seo, Mi,Geon Lee, Yeong,Jung Lee, Min,Jun Jeon, Hyung,Koo Kang, Kyung,Ok Ahn, Byoung,Yoo, Moohi Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York 2009 Arzneimittel Forschung Vol.59 No.10

<P>This study was designed to assess whether DA-6034 (7-carboxymethyloxy-3′,4′,5-trimethoxy flavone monohydrate), a new synthetic derivative of eupatilin, increases secretion of mucin-like glycoprotein and some mucins species in conjunctiva and cornea, and contributes to the preservation of ocular surface integrity. Human conjunctival and corneal epithelial cells were incubated with DA-6034 (1–250 µM). To investigate mucin secreting activity more directly, isolated rat conjunctival goblet cells were also used. Corneal protection was investigated using a desiccation-induced rabbit model of dry eye syndrome. It was found that DA-6034 increased mucin-like glycoprotein levels of both conjunctival and corneal epithelial cells at concentrations above 100 µM. Using human conjunctival epithelial cells, it was demonstrated that treatment with DA-6034 (200 µM) significantly increased production of some mucins species including MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, MUC5AC, MUC5B, and MUC16. DA-6034 also significantly increased MUC5AC production from conjunctival goblet cells isolated from rats. In the rabbit desiccation model, an ophthalmic suspension containing 3% DA-6034 significantly reduced corneal damage induced by desiccation. These results suggest that DA-6034 is a good candidate for treatment of dry eye through maintaining ocular surface integrity, which might be related to mucin secretion.</P>