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      • The Research Institue of Humanities Kon-Kuk University

        成元慶 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1980 인문과학논총 Vol.13 No.-

        This study is divided into seven parts Chapter 1: The motive purpose and method of this study are mentioned. Chapter 2: The form of chinese characters changed by reason of It's own property, and the quantity increased for the sake of time. And it's own weak points required to simplify itself which are (1) words in same form are too many to discriminate(2)numbers of words are too many to remember (3)strokes of a word are too many to write (4) dead words are too many to use. Chapter 3: Communist china adopted the simplifying character poliey as a phenomeon of transitional period toward the last purpose of romanizing chines. In this chapeter, detailed the motive, purpose, method and rules of simplifying chinese characters. Chapter 4: Observed the method of condensing words which included common use words fundmental words, syuable words spelling words, and the limitation of words by eliminating stranger characters. Chapter 5:] According to actual condition, re-investigated the other's classification, and re-classed it rationally scientifically. Chapter 6: A pivotal point of this study. Inthis chapter chriticized the simplified characters that are(1) rellationship with the popular form being used for a long time e.g.驛(역 역), 譯(택 택) (2) words similiar but different e.g. 里·리; 求·術(3)problem of using spelling instead of original (e.g. 예 예,芝(藝)헌(憲), 화(화) (4)problem of analogy 중(衆), 록(록), 필(筆) (5) problem of symbolization e.g. 화(漢), 예(蘭) (6) relation with old books. Chapter 7: A conclusion of this study. It will be no trouble when adopt the selected archaic or origianal or popular form, but it will be too complex to understand when use the newly make words. e.g. 음(陰), 예(藝), 付(副), 화(華). The result of simplifying chinese characters is what toward the inside it will be blind to traditional culture, and toward the out-side, it's relation with the so-called oriental culture circule will be isolated and become a regional but not international word.

      • KCI등재

        사지의 주요 동맥손상의 처치: 23증례에 대한 분석

        원형섭,김상은,배성만,박철완,이 근,조상훈,김상일,우병완 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

        Extremity vascular trauma is common in most emergency centers, and controversy remains about the optimal management of arterial injuries. Retrospectively we reviewed the records of 23 patients who had upper or lower extremity arterial trauma from July 1994 to December 1995. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our department`s management policy to major arterial injuries. The leading cause of major arterial injuries was penetrating trauma. We found that there were clinical findings such as absence of or decreased strength of pulsation(82.6%), cool ischemic extremity(69.6%), large expanding hematoma(43.5%), major bleeding(17.4%) and bruit or thill(8.7%). We gave the priority to management of life-threatening injuries and applied the pressure dressing to wounds as early as possible. There were 18 men(78.3%) and 5 women(21.7%); the mean age was 35(range 20-56 years old) years. There were 12 arterial injuries(52.2%) in the upper extremity and 11 arterial injuries(47.8%) in the lower exteremity. The most commonly injured artery was the brachial artery in the upper(34.8%) and the femoral artery in the lower(30.4%) extremity. The etiology included knife stabbing in 10 patients(43.5%), motor vehicle accidents in 6(26.1%), industrial accidents in 4(17.4%), falls in 2(8.7%) and a farm equipment accident in 1 patient(4.3%). The associated injuries were muscle injuries(78.3%), fracture(56.5%), nerve injuries(52.2%), vein injuries(43.5%), shock(17.4%) and dislocation(13.0%). All patients with arterial injuries were given a preoperative prophylactic antibiotic and TIG(tetanus immunoglobulin). We used Doppler technique as a means of detecting the blood flow. Fourteen patients(60.9%) underwent preoperative arteriography in the radiology department. We performed surgical exploration as soon as major arterial injuries were suspected. The most common methods of treating major arterial injuries were interposition vein graft(69.6%) and end to end anastomosis(21.7%). Systemic or locally infused heparin was used for all vascular repairs. In many of our patients(56.5%), fasciotomy was performed before the vascular repair, as a part of the exploration of the distal arteries. There were 2 amputations(8.7%) but no death. The reason for secondary amputation were wound infection in one and failure to achieve sufficient arterial flow to the involved extremity with resulting gangrene in the other. As the time factor is vitally important in the management of arterial injuries, we advocate prompt and early surgical treatment within 6 hours of the trauma. In conclusion, we believe that the crucial factorsin successful management of major arterial injuries of the extremities are early diagnosis, prompt treatment, complete debridement, fasciotomy when indicated, and simultaneous treatment of concomitant injuries.

      • 고양이에서 영양학적인 원인에 의해 발생한 속발성 부갑상선기능항진증 1례

        이혜원,박성준,김명철,정성목 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2009 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.1

        A 10 month-old Korean domestic shorthaired cat(male, 1.4kg)was admitted to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University with the history of astasia the onest of which was 3 month ago and all-meat diets. Physical examination revealed thin, growth retarded and lying in lateral recumbency. Radiograph showed abnormally radiolucent bones, thin cortices, kyphosis and lordosis of the spine and multiple fractures of the femurs. Result of serum biochemical test revealed mild hypocarcemia. Serum parathormone and 1, 25(OH)2-vitamin D3 levels were markedly elevated, whereas 25(OH)-vitamin D3 level was in normal range. Nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism was diagnosed by history taking, physical examination, laboratory examination and radiography. Calcium gluconate with balanced commercial cat food was given. On 24 days later, improvements were found in clinical signs and radiographs.

      • 韓ㆍ中語法比較攷 : 副詞를 主로 하여

        成元慶 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1988 인문과학논총 Vol.20 No.-

        As the Korean language is basically different from Chinese, so ti also has a difference in grammatical system. However, there are many words drived from Chinese characters in the Korean language. Since I expected that there would be some etymological similarities between Korean and Chinese, I have compared and studied adverbs of the two languages in this thesis. It was researched on the basis of statements of the Korean linguists, Cheng In-Seong, Li Soong-Nyung, and Choi Hyun-Bae, and the views of the Chinese linguists, Li Jin-Ji, Shu Shi-Ing, and Jeu Che-Ming. There were many similarities in comparision of the adverbs or the parts of speech, but due to the foundmantal difference in syntax, there were some different classifications too.

      • 원발성 위장관 악성 림프종의 임상적 고찰 : 치료 결과를 중심으로

        원종호,백승호,홍대식,오도연,박희숙 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.4

        저자들은 1984년 3월부터 1992년 12월까지 순천향 대학교 부속병원에서 원발성 위장관 악성 림프종으로 진단되었던 23명을 대상으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 대상 환자의 나이의 중앙치는 44(23-75)세로 남녀비가 2.8 : 1이었다. 2. 원발병소는 위 10예(43.5%), 소장 8예(34.8%) 및 회맹장 이행부위 5예(21.7%)였고, 병기 Ⅰ??기 8예(34.8%), Ⅱ??기 12예(52.2%), Ⅲ기 2예(8.7%), Ⅳ기 1예(4.3%)였다. 동반된 다른 장기는 주로 복부 임파절이었으며 폐 임파절 침범이 1예 있었고, 간을 침범한 경우가 1예, 위장과 소장에 병발한 경우가 1예 있었다. 조직학적 분류로는 중등도 19예(82.6%) 및 고도 4예(17.4%)였고 10예(43.5%)에서 B 증후가 있었다. 3. 치료를 시행한 20예중 Ⅰ??기 7예는 수술적 치료후 보조항암화학요법을 시행하였으며, Ⅱ??기 13예중 진단적 개복술후 완전절제가 확인된 3예는 보조항암화학요법을, 불완전절제로 확인된 7예는 관해유도 항암화학요법을 시행하였고, 3예는 항암화학요법만을 시행하였다. 4. 치료를 시행한 20예의 생존기간은 중앙치 43(4-100??개월이었으며, 3년 생존율 60.9%, 5년 생존율 40.6%였다. 5. Ⅰ??기 7예의 생존기간은 중앙치 42(11-100??개월이었으며, Ⅱ??, Ⅲ기 13예에서 치료에 대한 완전 관해가 9례(70%), 부분관해(15%), 무반응이 2례(15%)로 관해율은 85%였으며, 생존기간은 중앙치 44(4-52??개월이었다. 6. 완전관해자가 진행시까지의 관해지속기간은 중앙치 43(10-56??개월이었으며, 3년 무병생존율 79.1%, 5년 무병생존율 36.2%였다. Over a 8-year period(March 1984 through December 1992), 23 patients with primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated at Soonchunhyang University Hospital were analyzed with the following results; 1. The mean age of the patients was 43(23-75) years with male to female ratio of 2.8 : 1. 2. The primary sites of lymphoma were stomach in 10(43.5%), small intestine in 8(34.8%), and ileocecal area in 5(21.7%) and by modified Ann Arbor system, stage Ⅰ?? was 8(34.8%), stage Ⅱ?? was 12(52.2%), stage Ⅲ was 2(8.7%), and stage Ⅳ was 1(4.3%). Histologic classification by Working formulation revealed 19 cases(82.6%) of intermediate grade and 4 cases(17.4%) of high grade. B symptoms were observed in 10 cases(43.5%). 3. Treatments were performed in 20 cases as follows : In 7 cases with stage Ⅰ, complete surgical resection with systemic combined chemotherapy was performed. In 13 cases with stage ⅡE and Ⅲ, complete resection with systemic combined chemotherapy in 3 cases, incomplete resection with combined chemotherapy in 7 cases, and combined chemotherapy only in 3 cases. 4. Median survival duration of 20 treated patients was 43(4-100?? months and 3-year survival rate and 5-year survival rate were 60.9% and 40.6%, respectively. 5. Median survival duration of 7 cases with stage Ⅰ?? was 42 months(11-100??. In 13 cases with stage Ⅱ??, Ⅲ, response to treatment was complete remission in 9(70%), partial remission in 2(15%), and no response in 2(15%) resulting 85% of response rate and median survival duration was 44(4-52?? months. 6. Disease free survival rate of achieving a complete remission was 43(10-56?? months and 3-year disease-free survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate were 79.1% and 39.2%, respectively.

      • 근원 불명 전이암의 예후인자와 생존율

        원종호,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,김은석,최두호 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.1

        Purpose : Patients with cancer of unknown primary site represent 5% to 10% of all cancer patients. This study was to evaluate survival and prognostic factors of patients with malignancy of unknown origin. Materials and Methods : A retrospective analysis was done for one hundred and two patients with malignancy of unknown origin who were treated from January 1989 to December 1998. There were 52 male and 50 female patients. Age of patients ranged from 20 to 94 years (mean 58 years). Clinical presentation depended on the site of metastases. In cases of multiple metastatic sites, we selected the first apparent metastasis or the symptomatic one for which the patient was first seen. The three most frequent initial metastatic sites were peritoneum, lymph node, and liver. Median follow up period was 4 months(0-100 months) and survival rate measured form the time of diagnosis. Results : The two years survival rate was 13.6% with a median survival time of 4 months. The factors associated with the overall survival rate were the tumor marker CEA(p=0.0061), smoking history(p=0.0039), and histologic type(squamous cell carcinoma versus non-squamous cell carcinoma, p=0.0295). Marginal statistical difference was found according to performance status. No statistical differences were found according to sex, weight loss, initial metastatic site and numbers, primary lesion site, and treatment modality. Conclusion : Squamous cell carcinoma was associated with survival rate. In squamous cell carcinoma of unknown origin with good prognostic factor, especially cervical lymph node metastasis, we suggest an approach of extensive initial workup for staging and aggressive treatment.

      • IEEE 802.22 WRAN 시스템을 위한 OFDM 프리앰블 설계 및 동기 알고리즘

        원재연,심성보,김윤희 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2006 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

        IEEE 802.22에서는 사용하지 않는 TV 대역을 찾아 고정 사용자에게 고속 패킷 전송을 제공하는 WRAN 시스템을 논의하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 WRAN 시스템을 위해 단일 프리앰블을 이용한 시간 및 주파수 동기 알고리즘을 제안하고 WRAN에서 고려하는 무선 채널 모형에서 성능을 살펴본다. 제안한 알고리즘은 기존의 시간 동기 메트릭을 간단히 수정하여 시간 동기를 좀 더 안정적으로 찾을 수 있도록 함으로써, 시간동기후에 수행되는 주파수 옵셋 추정기의 성능을 향상시킨다.

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