A. 高校 科學 (生物·地球科學) 및 數學科 探究學習의 評價模型 定立과 評價紙 開發

李相協,權炳奎,林在圭,孫文求,吳岱燮,楊洪準,梁承榮,姜用熙,林成圭,金正遠,金吉民,兪正在 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Currently the evaluation of high school science and mathematics learning has been too much knowledge-centered without concerning the inquiring ability or scientific attitude. This study, therefore, was made for the purpose of establishing of evaluation model for high school science (biology and earth science) and mathematics learning and its evaluation items. In this paper, the research was done about three fields, biology, earth science and mathematics. 1. For the biology, the evaluation methods of inquiry learning were studied with the foreign references, and proper evaluation items were suggested. 2. For the earth science, after analizing 5 kinds of earth science textbook of current using in high school, essential 19 items were selected. 5 of them were tested in test group and control group, then, the results were analized. 3. For the mathematice, the teaching elements of「Set」and「Flow chart」in mathematics (Ⅰ) were selected and structured. Detailed teaching objects were established and evaluation items were introduced.

우리나라 카드뮴 폭로 근로자들의 혈중, 요중 카드뮴과 누적폭로 추정량에 따른 신장장해 평가

강성규,양정선,김기웅,장재연,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

88 workers exposed to cadmium were examined at the 12 factories using or producing cadmium in order to know the present state of cadmium exposure and renal dysfunction in 1992. Cadmium in blood and in urine were measured and compared by the 3 exposure level of cadmium in air. Cadmium in blood of low, moderate and high exposure group were 2.5, 3.8 and 7.6 ㎍/L, respectively. Cadmium in urine were 1.8(1.3), 3.8(2.6) and 7.9 ㎍/L(6.1 ㎍/g creatinine), respectively. However, there was no relationship between urinary cadmium and β₂-microglobulin. Cumulative exposure estimate(CEE) was calculated by multiplying the mean ambient cadmium level of the factory and working duration. CEE has a high correlation with cadmium in blood and urine, but no relation to β₂-microglobulin. Because working durations were relatively shorter than European workers', the highest CEE was just 300 ㎍·year/m³, which was not enough to induce renal tubular dysfunction. This study, however, suggested the possibility that renal tubular dysfunction caused by cadmium could be happened in Korea in the near future.

전국 단위 감시체계의 현황과 전망

강성규,안연순,지영구,김형옥,하미나,권호장,백남종,김성아,홍윤철,김재용,강대희,정혜선,하은희 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

트리클로로에틸렌에 폭로되는 근로자들의 뇌간청성유발전위 및 심박간격분석

강성규,조영숙,문영한 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

In order to evaluate the effects of trichloroethylene(TCE) on the central and autonomic nervous system, the brain stem auditory evoked potentials(BAEPs) and the electrocardiographic R-R interval variability(CVRR) were measured in three groups of workers(11) working in TCE degreasing process, workers(4) exposed to lead and two groups of workers(12) not exposed to any kinds of neurotoxicants. Two components of the CVRR reflecting parasympathetic activity(C-CVRSA) and sympathetic and parasympathetic activities(C-CVMWSA) were examined. The TCE workers were exposed to TCE at the level of less than 1 hour per week while the degreasing material was changed. There were no differences in the latencies of BAEPs and CVRR and the components of the CVRR between control and TCE and lead groups. However, two lead workers had the blood lead level of less than 60 g/dl recommended as present biological guideline by the Ministry of Labor, showed the delayed latencies of V5 and I-V in BAEP. This results suggested that intermittent TCE exposure didn't affect the auditory nervous pathway and the autonomic nervous system, however, lead exposure might affect the central nervous system at the level of less than 60 g/dl in blood lead.

가족기능도지수(Family APGAR Scores)에 관한 기초조사 연구

강성규,윤방부,이혜리,이동배,심운택 대한가정의학회 1984 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.5 No.12

家族機能度指數(Family APGAR Scores)에 關한 基礎調査 硏究

姜星圭,沈雲澤 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.1

This study was investigated the Family APGAR. Scores which was introduced in 1978 as a utilitarian screening instrument for family function by Dr. Smilkstein. The Family APGAR Index Questionnaire consisted of five items : adaptation, partnership, growth, affection and resolve. The Index Score is ranged from 0 to 10 and is divided into three groups; severly dysfunctional 0-3, moderately dysfunctional 4-6, and highly functional 7-10, for evaluating the family function. For this study, 466 high school students were chosen and divided into two groups; Three-choice response format group (Group I) and five-choice response format group (Group Ⅱ ). For comparison, 200 reformatory students whose age were similar to the Group I were selected. The retest was carried out after an interval of two weeks to Group I . The results of this study are as follows. 1. In Group I, the mean Family APGAR Score is 5.45±2.17. The range of inter-item correlations are 0.18-0.34 and item to total correlations are 0.55-0.63. 2. In Group I , 31.4;% belongs to highly functional families, 48.3% moderately dysfunctional families and 20.3% severely dysfunctional families by Smilksteins' classification. 3. The three-choice response format results in good scale qualities and is simpler although fivechoice response format yields some improvement in psychometric qualities of the instrument. 4. The difference in Family APGAR Scores between high school students group and reformatory students group is statistically significant (P<0.01). 5. The coefficiency of test-retest reliability after and interval of two weeks is 0. 3225, which is statistically significant (P<0.001). As a result, this study suggested the possibility that the Family APGAR Scores could be applied to the Korean for evaluating family function.

지구과학의 개념형성학습에 관하여 : 변화에 대한 개념을 중심으로 Especially Concerning to Concepts about Changing Phenomena

姜用熙,林成圭 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1989 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

By analyzing Earth Science textbooks currently used in high schools. we tried to establish a basic conceptual system concerning to changing phenomena based on the ESCP's structuralizing scheme. Investigating facts about time and change, we have found 21 basic concepts which should be understood through concept-forming teaching and learning. By classifying the basic concepts to fit the four principles suggested by NSTA as a scientific basic-system. we also tried to generalize the selected concepts. We made test problems in order to test high school students' understanding about earth science concepts especially concerning the changing phenomena in the field of astronomy. Using questionnaire method, we applied the test problems to 160 high school students in Taegu and Kyungpook areas. The results were as follows : the mean score of concept-learned group was 56.0 and that of unlearned group was 48.5. This means that the learned-group had been improved by concept-forming teaching.

8년간(1992~1999) 산업안전보건연구원에 의뢰된 직업병 심의 사례 분석

강성규,김규상,김양호,최정근,안연순,진영우,최병순,양정선,김은아,채창호,최용휴,김대성,박정선,정호근 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardio-cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Methods : The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999. Results : Male was 80.7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75.5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50.7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4%), cancers(18.5%), Neuropsychiatric problems(14.5%), and musculoskeletal problems(13.5%). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73.6% of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28.5 % were by organic solvents. 67% of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country. Conclusions : A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

5년간 특수건강진단기관 분석정도관리 결과 분석

강성규,양정선,이미영,박인정,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목 적 : 1980년대 후반부터 산업보건에서 혈중 및 요중 중금속농도 분석의 정확성 문제가 크게 부각되었다. 같은 시료를 가지고 분석기관마다 보이는 커다란 오차로 인해 직업병 진단 결과에 대한 신뢰성을 크게 감소시켰다. 이에, 노동부에서는 1992년부터 특수건강진단 기관에 대한 생체시료 분석정도관리 프로그램을 시작하였다. 본 연구는 1995년부터 시작된 생체시료 분석정도관리 5년간의 결과를 보고하고, 현재 생물학적모니터링으로 사용되는 항목과 빈도를 조사하고 이 항목의 정도관리 참여율을 비교하여 산업보건 관계 연구나 직업병 관리에 참고할 수 있도록 하기 위해 실시하였다. 방 법 : 생체시료 분석정도관리는 무기와 유기분석분야로 나누어 일년에 전후반기 2회 실시하고 있으며, 지정항목과 자율항목으로 구분하고 있다. 지정항목인 혈중 납과 요중 마뇨산은 분야별로 한 번에 3개 농도수준을 주어 2개 이상이 기준값의 ±15%내외의 범위에 들면 적합한 것으로 판정하고 있으며, 자율항목은 2개의 시료를 주어 2개 모두 기준실험실 평균값의 ±3SD 내외의 범위에 들면 적합한 것으로 판정하고 있다. 결 과 : 지정항목인 혈중 납과 요중 마뇨산 분석은 평균 적합률이 각각 89%, 90% 이었고, 대학기관, 비영리법인, 종합병원, 사업장 자체기관별로 차이는 없었으나 신규 기판의 적합률 70% 수준으로 상대적으로 낮았다. 자율항목의 적합률은 평균 50% 수준이었고, 저농도보다는 고농도의 적합률이 떨어졌다. 국내에서 가장 많이 분석되고 있는 항목은 요중 마뇨산과 혈중 납이었고, 혈중 및 요중 망간도 많이 분석되고 있었다. 요중 삼염화물, 페놀, 만델산, 카드윰, 메칠마뇨산, 크롬 등도 많이 분석되고 있는 항목이었다. 혈중 망간, 요중 수은, 요중 NMF는 정도관리에서 적합판정을 받은 기관의 숫자보다 실제 분석을 하고 있는 기관의 숫자가 많았다. 결 론 : 지난 5년간의 생체시료 분석정도관리 결과 우리나라 분석실험실의 분석능력은 향상되고 있으나, 자율항목에 대한 분석능력은 아직 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 아직 일부 일부 항목에 대해서는 외부 정도관리 없이 분석되고 있는 경우도 있었다. Objective : The accuracy of analytical results of blood and urine heavy metals came out to the main issue on occupational health from late eighties. The discrepancy of the results for same samples from different laboratories made the diagnosis for occupational diseases be unreliable. Therefore, a quality control program for analysis of samples taken from workplace had been introduced in Korea since 1992. This study aims to show the quality control program for analysis of blood and urine samples and its proficient rates from 1992 to 1999 and to know how they have been being used in occupational health. Methods The quality control program runs twice a year with mandatory items of blood lead and urine hippuric acid and voluntary items of blood cadmium and manganese and urine mandellic acid and methyl hippuric acid. Participant laboratories are receiving three levels for each items and two out of three samples have to be qualified for being a profi-cient laboratory for the item. The acceptable range of blood lead and urine hippuric acid is ± 15% and that of the others is within 3 SD (standard deviation) from the reference values. Results : The proficient rates of blood lead and urine hippuric acid was 89%, 90%, repectively, however those of the other voluntary items have been from 51% to 62%. The proficient rates of urine mercury and urine N-methylformamide (NMF), which are introduced since 1999, were very poor. Urine hippuric acid and blood lead were analyzed frequently for the purpose of biological monitoring conducting by special health examination organizations. Urine and blood manganese and urine metabolites of trichloroethylene, urine phenol, methylhippuric acid and cadmium were followed. Conclusions : In conclusion, the quality control program for biological monitoring has dramatically improve the ability of analysing blood and urine samples and eventually con-tributes to diagnose occupational diseases and to prevent occupational poisoning. However, some biological monitoring data, such as urine manganese, mercury and NMF, have been still reported from laboratories that were not accepted as a proficient laboratory.

중등학교 현장 물리교육의 현황과 개선방안

강정우,고영옥,강성진,김규용,박규은 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1996 科學敎育 Vol.13 No.-

To investigete the obstacles of developing physics education in secondary schools and the countermeasure in present situtation, I distributed subject - description style answer sheets to middle & high school teachers in Cheju, which consist of 28 detail subjects under the big 8 themes. The recovery rate is 75%, and now I'm describing the result. According to the themes, total frequency is like this : Derection of Physics Leaming(412), Administration of Physics Facilities and Other Elements(298), Administration of Physics Education(268), Contents of Text( 183), Events of Science(163), Guiding of Students(l23), Grade and Evaluation of Students(101), 6th Education Cumculum(86). It suggests as the improvement that experiment training for teachers be reinforced, programs about new physicse teaching menthod be introduced, teachers try to motivate the students in class, teaching material for students?advanced learning be developed, usage of teaching material be presented, qualified experiment assistant be arranged and no less than two laboratories be provided by school unit and hours of teaching on physics teacher lessen. Besides, science events need to be held for every student by school unit, which should be eximined about when and how they would be he held.