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Kim, Kook Hwan,Jeong, Yeon Taek,Oh, Hyunhee,Kim, Seong Hun,Cho, Jae Min,Kim, Yo-Na,Kim, Su Sung,Kim, Do Hoon,Hur, Kyu Yeon,Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Ko, TaeHee,Han, Jin,Kim, Hong Lim,Kim, Jin,Back, Sung Hoon,Ko Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2013 Nature medicine Vol.19 No.1
Despite growing interest and a recent surge in papers, the role of autophagy in glucose and lipid metabolism is unclear. We produced mice with skeletal muscle–specific deletion of Atg7 (encoding autophagy-related 7). Unexpectedly, these mice showed decreased fat mass and were protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance; this phenotype was accompanied by increased fatty acid oxidation and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) owing to induction of fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21). Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by autophagy deficiency increased Fgf21 expression through induction of Atf4, a master regulator of the integrated stress response. Mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors also induced Fgf21 in an Atf4-dependent manner. We also observed induction of Fgf21, resistance to diet-induced obesity and amelioration of insulin resistance in mice with autophagy deficiency in the liver, another insulin target tissue. These findings suggest that autophagy deficiency and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction promote Fgf21 expression, a hormone we consequently term a 'mitokine', and together these processes promote protection from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
Kim, Seong Kwang,Shim, Jae-Phil,Geum, Dae-Myeong,Kim, Jaewon,Kim, Chang Zoo,Kim, Han-Sung,Song, Jin Dong,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Dae Hwan,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Kim, Dong Myong,Kim, Sanghyeon Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2018 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.65 No.5
<P>In this paper, we fabricated In<SUB>0.53</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.47</SUB>As-on insulator (OI) MOSFETs on Si substrates with different doping types to mimic ground plane doping using direct wafer bonding and epitaxial lift-off (ELO) techniques. We investigated the impact of doping types on the ground plane and the backgate biasing, which are important and preferable components in monolithic 3-D (M3D) integration, on the electrical properties of MOSFETs, such as the threshold voltage ( <TEX>${V} _{T}$</TEX>) and the effective mobility ( <TEX>$\mu _{\textsf {eff}}$</TEX>). It was found that <TEX>${V} _{T}$</TEX> and <TEX>$\mu _{\textsf {eff}}$</TEX> were significantly modulated by the backsubstrate doping and the backbiasing. These observations were explained by the change of carrier distributions, which were confirmed by technology computer-aided design simulation. Furthermore, we investigated the reusability of InP donor substrates for sequential epitaxial growth after ELO process toward a cost-effective M3D integration with the In<SUB>0.53</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.47</SUB>As channel.</P>
Clinical Outcome of Modified Cervical Lateral Mass Screw Fixation Technique
Kim, Seong-Hwan,Seo, Won-Deog,Kim, Ki-Hong,Yeo, Hyung-Tae,Choi, Gi-Hwan,Kim, Dae-Hyun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study was 1) to analyze clinically-executed cervical lateral mass screw fixation by the Kim's technique as suggested in the previous morphometric and cadaveric study and 2) to examine various complications and bicortical purchase that are important for b-one fusion. Methods : A retrospective study was done on the charts, operative records, radiographs, and clinical follow up of thirty-nine patients. One hundred and seventy-eight lateral mass screws were analyzed. The spinal nerve injury, violation of the facet joint, vertebral artery injury, and the bicortical purchases were examined at each lateral mass. Results : All thirty-nine patients received instrumentations with poly axial screws and rod systems, in which one hundred and seventy-eight screws in total. No vertebral artery injury or nerve root injury were observed. Sixteen facet joint violations were observed (9.0%). Bicortical purchases were achieved on one hundred and fifty-six (87.6%). Bone fusion was achieved in all patients. Conclusion : The advantages of the Kim's technique are that it is performed by using given anatomical structures and that the complication rate is as low as those of other known techniques. The Kim's technique can be performed easily and safely without fluoroscopic assistance for the treatment of many cervical diseases.
Kim, Seong Kwang,Shim, Jae-Phil,Geum, Dae-Myeong,Kim, Chang Zoo,Kim, Han-Sung,Song, Jin Dong,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Dae Hwan,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Kim, Dong Myong,Kim, Sanghyeon Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.64 No.9
<P>Defect less semiconductor-on-insulator (-OI) by a cost-effective and low-temperature process is strongly needed for monolithic 3-D integration. Toward this, in this paper, we present a cost-effective fabrication of the indium gallium arsenide-OI structure featuring the direct wafer bonding (DWB) and epitaxial lift-off (ELO) techniques as well as the reuse of the indium phosphide donor wafer. We systematically investigated the effects of the prepatterning of the III-V layer before DWB and surface reforming (hydrophilic) to speed up the ELO process for a fast and high-throughput process, which is essential for cost reduction. Thismethod provides an excellent crystal quality of In0.53Ga0.47As on Si. Crystal quality of the film was evaluated using Raman spectra, and transmission electron microscope. Finally, we achieved good electrical properties of In0.53Ga0.47As-OImetal-oxide-semiconductorfield-effect-transistors fabricated through the proposed DWB and ELO.</P>
Kim, Youngsoo,Kim, Seong Hun,Kim, Kook Hwan,Chae, Sujin,Kim, Chanki,Kim, Jeongjin,Shin, Hee-Sup,Lee, Myung-Shik,Kim, Daesoo IRL Press 2015 Human molecular genetics Vol.24 No.25
<P>Really interesting new gene (RING) finger protein 170 (RNF170) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase known to mediate ubiquitination-dependent degradation of type-I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (ITPR1). It has recently been demonstrated that a point mutation of <I>RNF170</I> gene is linked with autosomal-dominant sensory ataxia (ADSA), which is characterized by an age-dependent increase of walking abnormalities, a rare genetic disorder reported in only two families. Although this mutant allele is known to be dominant, the functional identity thereof has not been clearly established. Here, we generated mice lacking <I>Rnf170</I> (<I>Rnf170<SUP>−/−</SUP></I>) to evaluate the effect of its loss of function <I>in vivo</I>. Remarkably, <I>Rnf170<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice began to develop gait abnormalities in old age (12 months) in the form of asynchronous stepping between diagonal limb pairs with a fixed step sequence during locomotion, while age-matched wild-type mice showed stable gait patterns using several step sequence repertoires. As reported in ADSA patients, they also showed a reduced sensitivity for proprioception and thermal nociception. Protein blot analysis revealed that the amount of Itpr1 protein was significantly elevated in the cerebellum and spinal cord but intact in the cerebral cortex in <I>Rnf170<SUP>−/−</SUP></I> mice. These results suggest that the loss of <I>Rnf170</I> gene function mediates ADSA-associated phenotypes and this gives insights on the cure of patients with ADSA and other age-dependent walking abnormalities.</P>
Kim, Se-Lim,Kim, Seong Hun,Park, Young Ran,Liu, Yu-Chuan,Kim, Eun-Mi,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong,Kim, Yo Na,Seo, Seung Young,Kim, In Hee,Lee, Seung Ok,Lee, Soo Teik,Kim, Sang-Wook American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Molecular Cancer Research Vol.15 No.2
<P>Balsalazide is a colon-specific prodrug of 5-aminosalicylate that is associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. Parthenolide, a strong NF-kappa B inhibitor, has recently been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic agent, promoting apoptosis of cancer cells. In the current study, the antitumor effect of balsalazide combined with parthenolide in human colorectal cancer cells and colitis-associated colon cancers (CAC) was investigated. The results demonstrate that the combination of balsalazide and parthenolide markedly suppress proliferation, nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B, I kappa B-alpha phosphorylation, NF-kappa B DNA binding, and expression of NF-kappa B targets. Apoptosis via NF-kappa B signaling was confirmed by detecting expression of caspases, p53 and PARP. Moreover, treatment of a CAC murine model with parthenolide and balsalazide together resulted in significant recovery of body weight and improvement in histologic severity. Administration of parthenolide and balsalazide to CAC mice also suppressed carcinogenesis as demonstrated by uptake of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy- D-glucose (FDG) using micro-PET/CT scans. These results demonstrate that parthenolide potentiates the efficacy of balsalazide through synergistic inhibition of NF-kappa B activation and the combination of dual agents prevents colon carcinogenesis from chronic inflammation. (C) 2016 AACR.</P>
Kim, Seungill,Kim, Myung-Shin,Kim, Yong-Min,Yeom, Seon-In,Cheong, Kyeongchae,Kim, Ki-Tae,Jeon, Jongbum,Kim, Sunggil,Kim, Do-Sun,Sohn, Seong-Han,Lee, Yong-Hwan,Choi, Doil Oxford University Press 2015 DNA research Vol.22 No.1
<P>The onion (<I>Allium cepa</I> L.) is one of the most widely cultivated and consumed vegetable crops in the world. Although a considerable amount of onion transcriptome data has been deposited into public databases, the sequences of the protein-coding genes are not accurate enough to be used, owing to non-coding sequences intermixed with the coding sequences. We generated a high-quality, annotated onion transcriptome from <I>de novo</I> sequence assembly and intensive structural annotation using the integrated structural gene annotation pipeline (ISGAP), which identified 54,165 protein-coding genes among 165,179 assembled transcripts totalling 203.0 Mb by eliminating the intron sequences. ISGAP performed reliable annotation, recognizing accurate gene structures based on reference proteins, and <I>ab initio</I> gene models of the assembled transcripts. Integrative functional annotation and gene-based SNP analysis revealed a whole biological repertoire of genes and transcriptomic variation in the onion. The method developed in this study provides a powerful tool for the construction of reference gene sets for organisms based solely on <I>de novo</I> transcriptome data. Furthermore, the reference genes and their variation described here for the onion represent essential tools for molecular breeding and gene cloning in <I>Allium</I> spp.</P>
Influence of Oxygen Consumption on Pregnancy Rates of Hanwoo Calves following Embryo Transfer
Kim, Hyun,Bok, Nan-Hee,Kim, Sung-Woo,Do, Yoon-Jung,Seong, Hwan-Hoo,Kim, Jae-Hwan,Kim, Dong Hun,Kim, Min-Kyu,Ko, Yeoung-Gyu 한국수정란이식학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.3
Recently, several approaches have been used to measure the oxygen consumption rates of individual embryos, but relationship between oxygen consumption and pregnancy rates of Hanwoo following embryo transfer has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the correlation between oxygen consumption rate and pregnancy rates of Hanwoo embryo using a SECM. In addition to, the expression of apoptosis-related genes was determined using real-time PCR by extracting RNA according to the oxygen consumption of in vivo embryo. First, we found that the oxygen consumption significantly increased in blastocyst-stage embryos (blastocyst) compared to early blastocyst stage embryos, indicating that oxygen consumption reflects the embryo quality (Grade I). The oxygen consumption or GI blastocysts were significantly higher than those of GII blastocysts (10.2x1014/mol s-1 versus 6.4x1014/mol s-1, p<0.05). Pregnant rate in recipient cow was 0, 60 and 80% in the transplantation of embryo with the oxygen consumption of below 10.0, 10.0~12.0 and over 12.0x1014/mol s-1, respectively. Apoptosis regulatory genes, Hsp-70.1 were significantly increased in over-10.0 group than below 10.0 group but in Caspase-3, Bax and P53 gene, there was no significant difference. In conclusion, These results suggest that measurement of oxygen consumption maybe help increase the pregnant rate of Hanwoo embryos.
Kim, Jae-Hwan,Lee, Seong-Su,Kim, Seung Chang,Choi, Seong-Bok,Kim, Su-Hyun,Lee, Chang Woo,Jung, Kyoung-Sub,Kim, Eun Sung,Choi, Young-Sun,Kim, Sung-Bok,Kim, Woo Hyun,Cho, Chang-Yeon Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5
Many studies have reported the frequency and distribution of haplogroups among various cattle breeds for verification of their origins and genetic diversity. In this study, 318 complete sequences of the mtDNA control region from four Korean cattle breeds were used for haplogroup classification. 71 polymorphic sites and 66 haplotypes were found in these sequences. Consistent with the genetic patterns in previous reports, four haplogroups (T1, T2, T3, and T4) were identified in Korean cattle breeds. In addition, T1a, T3a, and T3b sub-haplogroups were classified. In the phylogenetic tree, each haplogroup formed an independent cluster. The frequencies of T3, T4, T1 (containing T1a), and T2 were 66%, 16%, 10%, and 8%, respectively. Especially, the T1 haplogroup contained only one haplotype and a sample. All four haplogroups were found in Chikso, Jeju black and Hanwoo. However, only the T3 and T4 haplogroups appeared in Heugu, and most Chikso populations showed a partial of four haplogroups. These results will be useful for stable conservation and efficient management of Korean cattle breeds.