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채완석,문정민 진주여자전문대학 1999 論文集 Vol.22 No.-
Now that they can resolve the city problems by promoting efficiency of city space utilization, the terms, underground space and waterfront have been attracting notice, in respect with a city life. Especially, water is regarded as a new resource, since rather then being uniformly used in industry like in the past, it redevelops the existing facilities, adds new functions to cities, and creates amenity. The reasons that waterfront could be revalued like this are as follows : first, aesthetic characteristics of the water, a component of nature, such a s submersion, agreeableness, being inordinary, openness : second, its functional characteristics such as amusement and productivity ; third, cultural or historical value of its surrounding space. In other words, besides productive uses, by making use of water, not only can we increase its value and efficiency through various purposes, such as commerce, or office work, but we can also meet recreational demands which are newly made in city space. In addition, by exchanging human material resource, we can create no-cost value, and therefore its spatial value is being in creased. However, although our country is surrounded by the seas on all sides but one, and big, middle and small cities hold the resource, water, their will and results of development are still insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to. establish some still unsatisfactory conceptions though general considerations' such as meaning and scope of waterfront, and cities closely related to it. Also, another purpose of this study is to prepare the basic elements and directions of waterfront development, and its design standards. The ultimate purposes of presenting the design standards are through the development of a city, waterfront first to change the image of the water-surrounded areas ; second, to increase an access to it ; third, adjust the quality of physical environment. : These are closed connected with the ultimate purpose of environmental design, to provide agreeable environment for users by .creating richness in the public space. For this purpose, we need to classify the pattern of development as the purpose and types of development, analyze the world's large-scale projects on the development. of waterfront according to the regions, and establish the elements, basic directions and design principles of waterfront development. This will help present directions for the development of waterfront in our country, which is still in research level.
자궁내막조직중 PAPP-A분포에 관한 면역효소 조직화학적 연구
박완석,최종상,이대일 고려대학교 의과대학 1986 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.23 No.1
Pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) which was supposed to be specific to placenta is now known to be distributed in normal and various pathologic endometrial tissue. This distribution of P-4PP-A in endometrial tissue was detected by solid-phase radioimmunoassay from tissue extract. Therefore, to understand exact localization of PAPP-A among various tissue component of the endometrial tissue, the author collected formalin fixed, paraffin embedded surgical specimens of normal and pathologic endometrial tissue. Paraffin sections of the specimens were treated by immunoenzyme histologic technic of avidinbiotin complex method using biotinylated rabbit anti-human PAPP-A. The result obtained are as follows; 1. Glandular epithelium of normal endometrium revealed positive reaction to anti PAPP-A antibody only during secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. However, stroma of normal endometrium showed persistent positive reaction to anti PAPP-A antibody throughout the cycle. 2. Predecidual cells exhibited strong positive reaction to anti-PAPP-A antibody. 3. Reaction of epithelium and stroma in cystic hyperplasia of endometrium to anti PAPP-A was similar with that of normal endometrium in secretory phase of menstrual cycle showing positive reaction in both components. 4. Reactions of epithelium and stroma in adenomatous hyperplasia of endometrium, endometrial polyp and epithelium of endometrial adenocarcinoma to anti PAPP-A were similar with that of normal eidometrium in proliferative phase showing negative reaction in epithelium and positive reaction in stroma. Above findings suggest that pathologic change of the endometrium is associated with loss of reactivity to anti-PAPP-A in endometrial stroma.
Improvement Strategy of Medical Waste Management System
김석완 경산대학교(대구한의과대학) 1999 環境硏究 Vol.4 No.1
Medical waste has been regulated legally by "Isolated and related medical waste treatment rule" enacted in 1981. Recently, quantity of the medical waste has been increased according to the expansion of medical facilities caused by rise in living standard and usage of non-recyclable medical instruments. The management of medical waste still is not well established because of insufficient recognition in hospital, small scale of medical waste treatment industry and deficiency of treatment facilities, In this study, an improvement strategy of medical waste management system in Seoul city was established by considering present collection system and introducing the possibility of exclusive medical waste incinerator. For doing this, EPA's WRAP program was used to obtain an optimum solution that can minimize cost of the collection and the treatment of medical wastes. Therefore new collection system was proposed to minimize collection distance, costs and the risk of secondary infection. This study also proposed an optimal site and needed capacity for exclusive medical waste incinerator and the market opportunity of exclusive medical waste incineration enterprise.
흉골골절이 의심되는 외상환자에서 초음파의 진단적 효용성
염석란,김재광,이근,박철완,양혁준,현성열,임용수,진욱 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3
Purpose: This study compared the value of ultrasonography(US) in the diagnosis of sternal fractures with those of conventional radiography and bone scan. Material and Method: From March 2000 to March 2001, in Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical College, 44 patients(22 women and 22 men, mean age 46 years, range 5∼81 years) complained of tenderness in the sternal area. The cases histories of these patients with clinically suspected sternal fracture due to blunt trauma were prospectively studied. At the time of admission, conventional radiography(sternal view) was done. At one day after admission, sternal ultrasonography was obtained, and after 4∼5 days, a bone scan was done. Sternal ultrasonographic findings, conventional radiographic findings, and bone-scan findings were compared. In addition, a 12-lead ECG was done. When it was necessary, cardiac enzyme was checked and echocardiography was performed. Result: In 21 of 44 patients(48%), a sternal fracture was found by sternal US. Only 9 of 21 patients (43%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by using conventional radiography. 23 of 44 patients (52%) have negative findings on sternal US; they also had negative findings on conventional radiography. Except for 7 unchecked patients, 13 of 21 patients(62%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by bone scan, and among the 23 patients who had negative findings on sternal US, the 19 patients checked with a bone scan also had negative findings. Conclusion: Sternal US can find sternal fractures that are difficult to find on conventional radiography. Compared with bone scan, sternal US takes a shorter time and sternal US is not difficult. Additionally, combined lesions with sternal fractures(peristernal hematoma, soft tissue swelling) and costar cartilage fractures are diagnosed more easily when using sternal US.
GRAM 작업 관리용 확장형 실행환경 정보 서비스 시스템 설계
김완규,김현주,정미숙,장경일,박규석 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2005 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.12
Grid computing is an emerging technology that promise to unify resources and computing power in many organizations together. It couples a wide variety of geographically distributed computational resources, and presents them as a unified integrated high-end computer. The Globus Resource Allocation and Management(GRAM) service provides for the management and remote execution of jobs defined using a standard Resource Specification Language(RSL) requested by client in grid environment. However, Currently the GRAM has very limited functionality to support for applications that required special execution environment. Here, we provide a proposal for Execution Environment Information interacted with broker to support the GRAM's special execution environment.
3원호 미끄럼 베어링을 적용한 공작기계 주축계의 정적 및 동적 특성 해석시스템 개발
조재완,김석일,이군석,김춘배 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.4
In this study, a static and dynamic characteristics analysis system for machine tool spindle systems with 3 lobe sliding bearings is developed based on Timoshenko theory, finite element method and windows programming techniques. And the characteristic values of 3 lobe sliding bearings such as eccentricity ratio, attitude angle, friction coefficient, stiffness coefficients, damping coefficients and so on, are determined by using the thermal equilibrium condition of spindle sys-tems. Since the developed system has various analysis modules related to static deformation analysis, modal analysis, fre-quency response analysis and so on, it can be utilized to perform systematically the design and evaluation processes of spindle systems with 3 lobe sliding bearings under windows GUI environment.
미국연방순회항소법원의 판례에 나타난 특허침해소송에 있어서의 균등성이론
양석완,송석언 제주대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.39 No.1
The main purpose of patent law is to promote the progress of science and technology by encouraging research and disclosure of results. To support this goal, the patent system gives the inventor a property right and protection from infringement. On the other hand, inventors are also required to specify their patent rights so that the public may know what they are prohibited from doing during theexistence of the monopoly……" Although the patent system intends to protect the patented inventor from would be infringers, there is strong public policy for limiting patent protection to the terms of the claim. patent infringement occurs where either the alleged infringing device li-terally falls within the scope of the claim, or where the accused device performs substantially the same function, in substantially the same way, to obtain substantially the same result as the claimed invention. The latter is the doctrine of equivalents designed to prevent a patented invention from being pirated by minor and unsubstantial changes. This doctrine may be a significant tool for proving infringement, and its use is becoming important to patent infringement litigation. One issue important in applying the doctrine of equivalents concerns the means plus function claim stated in the patent Act of 1952, §112(6). The purpose and the scope of this section has often been confused with the application of doctrine of equivalents. The CAFC has distinguished statutory equivalents from the doctrine of equivalents in interpreting the means plus function claims. Until 1982, infringement actions were heard in district courts and of Appeals of the several circuits. The courts in each circuit decided the same issue independently, and a great inconsistency arose among the circuits. After the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) was establishedby merging the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (CCPA) and the Appellate Division of the Court of Claims (Ct. Cl.), the CAFC addressed several major issues concering claim interpretation in patent infringement litigation, including the doctrine of equivalents. In the application of the doctrine of equivalents by the Federal Circuit, there has been much controversy over the judicial standards for infringement analysis. A most controversial and inconsistent issue is whether infribnge-ment under the doctrine of equivalents should be determined by looking at the invention as a whole" or on an element by element" basis. This controversy relates to the balancing requirement between public policy for limiting the patent claim by restrictive claim interpretation and protection of patented inventions by expensive interpretation of patent claims.