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        Flame Resistant Cotton Fabric Containing Casein and Inorganic Materials Using an Environmentally-Friendly Microwave Assisted Technique

        SeChin Chang,Brian Condon,Jade Smith,Sunghyun Nam 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.10

        New methods for formulating flame retardant cotton fabrics have been achieved by applying a microwave-assistedtechnique with low amounts of solvent. Trials using cotton fabrics treated with casein from bovine milk and eco-friendlyinorganic materials, urea and diammonium phosphate, were completed successfully. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), 45 oangle (clothing textiles test), and limiting oxygen index (LOI) tests were carried out for the treated cotton fabrics. When thetreated fabrics were tested using the 45 o angle flame, the ignited fabrics self-extinguished and left behind a streak of char. Treated higher add-on fabrics were neither consumed by flame, nor produced glowing embers upon self-extinguishing. Alluntreated cotton fabrics showed limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of about 18 % oxygen in nitrogen. For formulations withcasein, urea and diammonium phosphate, LOI values of treated fabrics were 32.0-44.0 % oxygen in nitrogen when add-onvalues for the formulation were 9.71-23.5 wt%. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed tocharacterize the chemical structure on the treated fabrics, as well as, the surface morphology of char areas of treated anduntreated fabrics.

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