변형과 구 구조의 의미 연구

홍성룡 남서울대학교 2010 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.1-2

The coordination constructions have widely been studied in various linguistic theories. Most of these studies have focused on how to analyze the coordination construction where the coordinated expression is clearly identified as a constituent. Accordingly, these studies cannot provide an appropriate analysis to the coordinated construction in sentence where the conjunctor and coordinates the two expressions a book to John and an apple to Mary which do not form a constituent. I call this kind of coordination construction “non-constituent coordination.” In addition to this problem, the previous studies have ignored the data like sentences with conjunctions or are simply unable to analyze them properly. The purpose of this study is to provide a novel way to deal with these data in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) developed by Pollard and Sag (1987, 1992) and many others. I critically review the previous studies on the coordination construction within various theoretical frameworks including Government and Binding Theory, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar and Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar. This study is to analyze the non-constituent coordination constructions by introducing the non-constituent coordination schema which allows each conjunct daughter to share the value of INHERITED|SLASH feature of its mother. Here, I show how the proposed schema and the general principles of HPSG (e.g., Complement Extraction Lexical Rule) interact to block unacceptable coordination structures and permit only grammatical ones. Key Words : HPSG, Phrase, Constituent, Transformation, Head

다양한 학습 배경을 가진 학습자의 어휘 습득 연구

홍성룡 남서울대학교 2014 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.S No.-

Learners are individuals and they have diffent style in learning vocabulary. Accordingly, some learners find it difficult to learn lexical sets of words, while others find it easier if the words are taught in lexical sets. EFL (English as a Foreign Language) instructors need to design learning approaches to fit into the level of difficulty and context for learners not to confuse the meaning of lexical sets. The purpose of the study is to explore how EFL instructors can apply teaching and learning lexical sets of word in the context of classrooms. The study focuses on how lexical sets of vocabulary are taught to readers of a certain age who have different learning backgrounds- language setting Key Words : Vocabulary, learning strategies, lexical sets, EFL, language

팥 신장기 과습처리에 의한 생육특성 및 단백질 발현

정해룡, 유장환, 윤성현, 권수정, 우선희 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2022 農業科學硏究 Vol.38 No.2

Adzuki bean is sensitive to waterlogging stress. The overall study on the waterlogging stress is limited comparing to the study on the drought and any environmental stress. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the changes in growth characteristics and the expression patterns of proteins at the 5-leaf stage periods of adzuki bean. The domestic cultivar, Arari (Miryang No. 8) was used to test the waterlogging stress. In the waterlogging treatment for 3 days, the plant height showed slightly decrease in the treatment at 3 days of waterlogging, but root fresh weight showed significantly changes at 3 days of the waterlogging treatment. Chlorophyll contents showed also significantly different at 3 days of waterlogging treatment compared to control the plants. The waterlogging stress gradually influenced the growth differences between the control and the treatment respectively. More than 350 pro- tein spots were identified on 2-D gels using an image analysis. Moreover, a total of 28 proteins were analyzed using LTQ-FT-ICR MS. Among these 28 proteins, a total of 18 proteins were up-regulated, and 10 proteins were down-regulated under waterlogging treatment. According to biological process, the most of the proteins were found to be involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Regarding the subcellular local- ization, most of the proteins were localized into chloroplasts in 5-leaf stage.

성분 통어에 관한 비교 연구

홍성룡 남서울대학교 1998 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

C-command has been a basic notion of Government Binding Theory. There has been a lot of research in developing and extending the proper domain in relation to the other principles in GB by Noam Chomsky, Reinhart and Aoun-Sportiche. That is, it is described with the highest first maximal projection by Chomsky, the first branching node by Reinhart, and the first maximal projection by Aoun-Sportiche. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the domain of C-command of Reinhart with the opposing views of Aoun-Sportiche. In addition, the differences between generalized & core government are presented in respect to applied C-command domains. Accordingly, this paper will establish the proper concept of C-command, show the applied domains, and reveal the relation to government.

성분 접속구문과 비성분 접속구문에 관한 연구

홍성룡 대한언어학회 1998 언어학 Vol.6 No.2

Hong, Sung-Ryong. 1998. A Study of constituent vs. non-constituent Coordination. Linguistics, 6-2, 119-140. Coordination constructions have widely been studied in various linguistic theories. The previous studies have focused on how to analyze the coordination constructions where the coordinated expression is clearly identified as a constituent. Accordingly, these studies cannot provide an appropriate analysis to the coordinated constructions where the conjunctor 'and' coordinates the two expressions which do not form a constituent. The purpose of this study is to provide a novel way to deal with these data in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) developed by Pollard and Sag (1987, 1994) and many others. This study extends the theory of the Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar so as to describe and explain the data concerning with coordination constructions by formulating a rule compatible to the general assumptions of HPSG. (Namseoul University)

주어 접속구문에 대한 제약적 접근 방법

홍성룡 대한언어학회 1999 언어학 Vol.7 No.3

Hong, Sung-Ryong. 1999. A Lexical Constraint-Based Approach to Subject Noun Phrase Coordination. Linguistics 7-3, 105-125. Coordination constructions have widely been studied in various linguistic theories. The previous studies have focused on how to analyze the coordination constructions where the coordinated expression is clearly identified as a constituent Accordingly, these studies cannot provide an appropriate analysis to the coordinated constructions where the subject has the structure of coordinated NP. This paper first reviews the previous analysis on these constructions such as GB, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar(HPSG). In particular, it shows how the AGR value of the coordinated subject NP depends on the conjunction. Finally this study is to analyze the constructions, where some reflexive or pronoun occurs with the above subject, by extending the INDEX feature structure into two subsort INDEX, that is INDEX for agreement and INDEX for Binding.(Namseoul University)

1945년 이후 음열 기법을 이용한 작곡가들에 관한 연구

조성룡,김경애 安東大學 1998 安東大學 論文集 Vol.20 No.1

20세기의 음악은 2차대전을 전후로 급변하는 세계 정세, 사회 질서의 혼미와 더불어 여러 실험 과정을 보여왔다. 작곡가들은 새로운 음악을 찾기 위하여 악기를 개발하고 기법을 다양화 하였다. 그것은 무조 음악, 12음 음계의 합성, 유연성 음악, 전자 음악 등 여러 음악 형태로 나타나게 된다. 1945년을 이후로 하여 Pierre Boulez, 윤이상, 달라피콜라, 죠지펄, 밀튼 배빗 등에 의해 시작되는 음악에서의 우연의 요소는 그 이전의 전음렬주의나 진위 음악파 등의 작품경향을 20세기 후반을 향한 새로운 기법으로 바꿔주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 1945년 이후 음렬 기법을 사용한 주요 작곡가의 간략한 생애와 주요 작품을 분석해 보았다. Boulez는 Weberu풍의 점묘주의적 음렬 기법을 추구하면서 이것이 더욱 진보되어 음고, 리듬, 표현 기법 등의 모든 요소를 set화시켜 잘 통제되고 제한된 한계 내에서 자유로운 선택이라는 의미를 부여하고 있다. Milton Babbitt는 12음 기법에 있어서 잠재적인 가능성을 더욱 활용하는 새롭고 독창적인 방법을 발전시켜 기본 음렬에서 첫 번째 hexachord에 유용한 4개의 trichord를 사용하는 4개 trichord로 파생되는 음질을 만들어낸다. Dallapiccola는 비엔나의 12음 아파들과 다양한 특질들을 공유한다. 그러나 중음정, 7도, 9도와 더 넓은 음정들에 있어서 그의 선율은 훨씬 더 전통적인 음정을 사용함으로써 독자성을 뛴다. 더욱이 달라피콜라는 반음계를 순수한 전타음과 더불어 통합하는 결과를 거둔다. 한국이 낳은 세계적인 작곡가 윤이상은 동아시아적 음향관과 미학을 유럽의 Avant garde적 음악 언어로 표현하여 "서구 음악의 수단을 통한 한국적 음악의 표현", "한국 음악의 연주 기법과 서양 악기의 결함", "서양 현대 음악 기법을 통한 동아시아적 이미지의 표현"등으로 나타냈다. "윤이상의 선율"은 긴 음가를 나타내는 지속음들로 작품의 뼈대를 구성하는 진정한 의미의 음인 바로 "중심음"을 만들어 낸 것이다. In 20C's music, there have been varions experimental attempts since around World War II. Composers have developed instruments and diversified techniques to create new music. They emerged in the form of atonal music, synthesis of 12-tone scale, random composition music, electronic music etc. Factor of accident in music has changed work trend of Integral Serialism or Avant-garde music to new ways toward the close of 20th century, which was developed by Pierre Boulez, Yoon Yi-Sang, Dallapiccola, George Perle, Milton Babbitt etc. Important composers' life were mentioned briefly, who have used serialism technique sine 1945, and their chief works were analyzed in this thesis. Boulez pursued serialism technique of Webern-style pointillism, and by improving it much more, made sets of all the elements such as pitch, rhythm, and expression technique. Thus he created the meaning of "choosing freely within the limits well controlled and restricted". Milton Babbitt improved the new and unique technique in which potentiality was used still more. Dallapiccola shared many features with Viennese. However, in augmented, 7th, 9th and broader intervals, his melody is unique by using much more traditional interval. Yoon Yi-Sang, the World-wide Korean composer, expressed his East-Asian view of sound and esthetics with European avant-garde musical language: "expression of Korean music by neans of western music", "combination of Korean music performing technique with western instruments", "expression of East-Asian image through modern Western music technique". Yoon Yi-Sang's melody created the true sound "hauptton"(meaning "head tone" in Germany', which organized frame of work with the pedal point of long phonetic value.

Unaspiration in English and Korean

吳尙龍 忠州大學校 1998 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.1

특화거리 조성의 변천과정에서 나타난 Network의 중요성에 관한 연구

손재룡,최준호,이용준,이상호,이경회 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

Recently, the Specified streets are designated in the many cities. The specified street is formed naturally by gathering the same type of shops in the same street. The purpose of the specified street is to enhance and to make more lively the characteristics of the street. These specified street has the network consisted of elements, namely shop owner, the authorities, the consumers, etc. In the beginning, we examined how specific streets are made and composed in Seoul and Inchun: the street of the culture, the rodeo, and the furniture. As it turned out, the formation of the network organization in the specific streets showed that how much it is important that it impacted managing. The members of network work together for improvement of the street by negotiation and cooperation. In that process, the street scenery is also improved. This network promotes the spontaneous participation of the members of the affair. In the result of that, the effect of the network is a core which is one of the factors managing and improving specific street. A continuous examination of the more study would strengthen the importance of the network in changing specific street construction.

치아 교환기 어린이에서 근단변위부분층 판막술을 이용한 하악 거대 협소대의 위치

이성룡,오유향,이난영,이창섭,이상호 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

영구치의 맹출 지연이 발생하는 원인은 다양하다. 유치의 만기 잔존과 조기 상실, 과잉치나 치아종과 같은 이형물의 존재등과 같이 비정상적인 경조직 인자에 의해 발생할 수 있고, 치은 판개 조직(opercula)과 같은 상부 치은 조직의 섬유성 비후나 소대의 과증식과 같은 연조직성 인자에 의해 발생하기도 한다. 영구치의 맹출 지연시의 공간의 상실 및 영구치의 비정상적인 맹출, 그리고 그에 따른 치열궁의 비대칭과 같은 교정적 문제와 대합치의 정출 등에 의한 교합적인 문제등이 발생할 수 있어 조기에 진단하여 처치하는 것이 중요하다. 본 증례에서는 12세 남자 아이가 충치가 많고 치아가 나오지 않는다는 것을 주소로 내원하여 진단한 결과, 하악 좌측 소구치들이 맹출하지 못하고 매복되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 원인은 맹출 공간이 부족하였고 동시에 거대 협소대가 치아의 맹출을 방해하는 것으로 파악되었다. 이에 대한 처치로 우선 공간을 획득하고 난 후, 부착치은의 회복과 맹출 촉진을 위해 근단변위부분층 판막술을 시행하였다. The mandibular buccal frenum becomes a problem when its attachment is too close to the marginal gingival. Heavy buccal frenum mucogingivally results in insufficient attached gingiva, inadequate vestibular depth and also difficulty in eruption of mandibular premolar. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of apically positioned partial-thickness flap as adequate mothod in order to remove heavy buccal frenum and expose impacted teeth. The author presents the case of a 12-year-old boy. He had problems that was prolonged eruption of #34, #35 due to high pull buccal frenum. After space regaining for normal eruption of #34, #35, we performed apically positioned partial-thickness flap on #34,35 area. As a results, we confirmed that eruption of #34, #35 has been processed normally. And vestibular depth, position of buccal frenum and width of attached gingival was within a normal range. Decrease in muscle pull, adequate width of attached gingiva and increased vestibular depth can be expected from this treatment.