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The impact of blowflies on pig cadaver decomposition on Yeongdo Island, Busan, South Korea
Park Sang‐Hyun,Baek Seung‐Ho,Moon Tae‐Young 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.11
The decomposition process is an important factor in forensics, and flies play a crucial role in the decomposition of animals and humans. However, there remains limited information on the effect of flies that attend death scenes. This study assesses the effect of the presence or absence of blowflies on the rate and process of cadaver decomposition in the spring, summer, and autumn from 2016 to 2020 on Yeongdo Island, Busan, South Korea. Nine blowfly species belonging to four genera in two subfamilies were sampled. The blowflies that approached the cadavers differed between seasons, but Chrysomya pinguis (Walker) was the dominant species regardless of the season. Blowfly presence on cadavers significantly affected the duration of the decomposition stage and the pattern of weight loss in nearly all scenarios. With the presence of blowflies, the decomposition rate was four times faster in spring, three times faster in summer, and nine times faster in autumn. These results show that the presence or absence of blowflies is an essential factor in the decomposition process of cadavers. Therefore, it should be taken into account when estimating postmortem intervals in medicolegal forensic entomology.
Park Sang‐Hyun,Moon Tae‐Young 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.1
Cadaver insects cause dead bodies to break down in ecological processes. Still, the knowledge has been accumulated slowly about the structure and role of the insect assemblages attending to death scenes. This study analysed the successional patterns of insects on pig cadavers in the spring, summer, and autumn from 2016 to 2019 at Yeongdo Island, Busan, South Korea. A sum of 71 insect species belonging to four orders and 21 families were sampled. Predominant insects were largely Diptera and Coleoptera. The majority of the flies were the calliphorids as Chrysomya pinguis (Walker) and Lucilia porphyrina (Walker). The most common beetles were Creophilus maxillosus (L.), Omosita japonica (Reitter), and Staphylinidae sp. regardless of seasons. Occurrence matrices were made from the successional patterns of insect species during 42 sampling intervals in the spring, 38 sampling intervals in the summer, and 26 sampling intervals in the autumn. Permutation analyses of the occurrence matrices showed that the patterns of succession were similar between spring 2016 and 2017 (P = 0.019), between summer 2016 and 2017 (P = 0.003), and between autumn 2016 and 2019 (P = 0.002). The result shows that there are clear patterns in succession between seasons, and provides the reference data to presume the death time, at least in the southeast part of South Korea.
Park Sang‐Hyun,Moon Tae‐Young 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.4
It is noticed by some researchers that ants may cause some forensic confusion in understanding death scenes. In the aspect of relationship between the ant-animal decomposition, we observed the behavior of ants congregating on dead animals. Amongst various species of ants visiting dead rabbits, Tetramorium tsushimae Emery was noticeable in producing scratched scars, mounds, and nests around dead rabbits and covering them with soils. The behaviors are likely to interfere or to disturb the usual process of decomposition succession lead by maggots. We discussed that a series of cadaveric behaviors of T. tsushimae may be used as a potential forensic hint not to misunderstand death scenes disturbed by the species.
Park Sang‐Hyun,Ha Young‐Ho,Kim Dong Eon,Kim Chang‐Jun,Choi Moon Bo 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.3
Argentine ants (Linepithema humile) are one of the world’s most invasive species and were first reported in South Korea, near Busan Port in 2019. The distribution of their initial spread was investigated here from April to July 2020. In the invasion area, numerous nests and individuals were identified, indicating that they had settled and successfully invaded the habitat. To track the invasion of the Argentine ants we conducted haplotype analysis using COI, COII, and Cytb sequences of their mitochondrial DNA. The invasive ants had the same mitochondrial haplotype (H3) as Argentine ants from America (Chile, Ecuador, Bermuda) and East Asia (Japan). When comparing the import trade volumes at Busan port with the Argentine ant haplotypes from other countries, it was determined that the invasive ants may have originated from the United States or Japan. Numerous ecological and economic impacts due to their invasion and spread in other countries has previously been reported. Therefore, prompt control measures for the Argentine ants found at Busan port, at this relatively early stage of settlement, is required.
Clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis visiting PNUH
( Sung Min Park ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Moon Bum Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: The prevalence and clinical characteristics of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in patients with psoriasis were known to have ethnic variation. However limited data exist on psoriatic arthritis in Korean psoriasis patients. Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics of PsA in Korean patients with psoriasis Methods: Patients diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis between 2011 and 2015 at Pusan National University Hospital were included. Clinical characteristics of psoriasis/PsA, comorbidities, and treatment patterns were assessed via physical examination and medical records. Results: Of 29 psoriasis patients diagnosed as PsA, 20were male, 9 female (ratio 2.2:1), and mean age was 46.5 years. Diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia were more common in PsA patients compared with general population. Asymmetric oligoarthritis pattern was the most common manifestation of PsA. Nail change, scalp and intergluteal involvement were found in 72.4%, 86.2% and 53.8% respectively. Methotrexate was the most common treatment modality to treat psoriasis and PsA, followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, biologics, and sulfasalazine. Conclusion: Our study presents the detailed clinical characteristics of PsA in Korean psoriasis patients. These results were similar with previous report in the Korea, but asymmetric oligoarthritis pattern was more common in present study.
( Hyun Ji Kang ),( Tai Kyung Noh ),( Hye Rim Moon ),( Ji Su Yu ),( Sung Eun Chang ),( Ik Jun Moon ),( Sun Young Choi ),( Won Jong Oh ),( Chong Hyun Won ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Yang Won Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: A six-month study using the novel hyaluronic acid (HA) filler, PP-501-B, presented improvement of nasolabial fold (NLF) with increased tolerability. Objectives: This study aims to report the long-term efficacy, durability, and safety of a highly more concentrated HA filler, PP-501-B, in the correction of NLFs. Methods: Subjects completing the initial 6-month study were enrolled in this 24-month extension, randomized, multicenter, patient/evaluator-blind, split-face study. The injection areas and treatment procedures were identical to the one used in the previous study - each subject was injected with PP-501-B in one NLF, and Restylane Perlane (Q-med) on the contralateral NLF. All participants were reassessed for wrinkle improvement (using 5-point Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale, WSRS) and changes in Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) at 12, 18, and 24 months after their initial treatment. Results: The study enrolled 81 patients; 72 completed the study. In both groups, the WSRS score significantly decreased from baseline throughout the follow-up period after the retreatment. There was no significant difference in the WSRS scores between the two groups at 24 month. Both fillers were well tolerated with neither severe complication nor adverse reactions. Conclusion: The new HA filler, PP-501-B, is safe and effective in the long-term usage of correcting moderate to severe nasolabial folds after a second treatment.
Sung, Chang-Kyung,Chun, Moon-Hyun Korean Nuclear Society 1996 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.28 No.3
A two-step approach has been used to obtain a new criterion for the onset of slug formation : (1) In the first step, a more general expression than the existing models for the onset of slug flow criterion has been derived from the analysis of singular points and neutral stability conditions of the transient one-dimensional two-phase flow equations of two-fluid model. (2) In the second step, introducing simplifications and incorporating a parameter into the general expression obtained in the first step to satisfy a number of physical conditions a priori specified, a new simple criterion for the onset of slug flow has been derived. Comparisons of the present model with existing models and experimental data show that the present model agrees very closely with Taitel & Dukler's model and experimental data in horizontal pipes. In an inclined pipe ($\theta$ =50$^{\circ}$), however, the difference between the predictions of the present model and those of existing models is appreciably large and the present model gives the best agreement with Ohnuki et al.'s data.
( Sang Jin Cheon ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2
Background: Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a raresubtype of melanoma in Korea and usually found on elderly face. In early stage, it is difficult to differentiate from other facial pigmented lesions including senile lentigo, lichen planus-like keratosis, and pigmented actinic keratosis. But till now, report on the characteristic of LMM is not sufficient. Objectives: To find the characteristics of clinical and dermoscopic features LMM in Korea. Methods: Twelve patients with histopathology-proven LMMs were analyzed retrospectively based on their clinical and dermoscopic photos, medical records, and pathologic findings. As controls, senile lentigo (n=12), lichen planus-like keratosis (n=12), and pigmented actinic keratosis (n=12) were also analyzed.Results: Of 12 LMM, 9 were women and 3 were men. The mean age was 68 years (range 36-88) . The lesion was predominantly on the cheek (50%), followed by periorbital (33%) and temporal area (16%). Most (66 %) of lesions showed smooth surface. According to Stolz``s criteria of LMM, asymmetric hyperpigmented follicular opening (66%) was the most common followed by annular-granular pattern (55%), and rhomboidal structure (55%). Also, 55% of lesions presented an increased density of vascular structure Conclusion: The results of this study could be helpful clue to differentiate LMM in Korea from other clinically similar and common skin disorders including senile lentigo, lichen planus-like keratosis, and pigmented actinic keratosis.