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Modification of Beef Tallow by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Lim,Sang-Bin,Rizvi, Syed S.H 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.36 No.-
48℃, 276 bar의 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 식용 쇠고기기름을 가공하였다. 쇠고기기름의 추출율은 시간당 11%였다. 총 콜레스테롤 제거율은 75%였으며, 이 때 지방의 회수율은 86%였다. 쇠고기기름을 물리화학적 성질이 다른 분획으로 분별하였다. 중급트리글리세리드(C44-C48)의 농도는 추출된 분획들에서 높았으며, 잔류물에는 고급트리글리세리드(C50-C54)가 다량 함유되어 있었다. 추출물에는 저급지방산의 함유율이 높았다. 잔류물에는 스테아르산의 함량이 특히 높았으며, 이로 인하여 높은 녹는점을 보였다. 고형지방은 여러 온도에서 추출분획들 보다 잔류물에 많았다. Edible beef tallow was processed using supercritical carbon dioxide at temperature of 48℃ and pressure of 276 bar. The extraction efficiency of the process was 11% per hour. The total cholesterol reduction was 75% with 86% fat yield. A simultaneous fractionation of beef tallow with different physico-chemical properties was also achieved. The concentration of medium (C44-C48) molecular weight triglycerides was high in the extracted fractions. The residue was enriched in high (C50-C54) molecular weight triglycerides. The extracts contained more fatty acids with shorter carbon chains. The residue had the highest melting points, mainly caused by having higher stearic acid content. The extracts showed lower solid fat index than the residue at several temperatures.
Effects of Replacing Sucrose with Various Sugar Alcohols on Quality Properties of Semi-dried Jerky
Sung Jin Jang,Hyun Wook Kim,Ko Eun Hwang,Dong Heon Song,Yong Jae Kim,Youn Kyung Ham,Yun Bin Lim,Tae Jun Jeong,Si Young Kim 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.5
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of replacing sucrose with sugar alcohols (sorbitol, glycerol and xylitol) on the quality properties of semi-dried jerky. Total 7 treatments of jerkies were prepared as follows: control with sucrose, and treatments with 2.5 and 5.0% of sucrose replaced by each sugar alcohol, respectively. Drying yield, pH, water activity, moisture content, shear force, myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, sugar content, and sensory evaluation were evaluated. Xylitol slightly decreased the pH when compared to the other sugar alcohols (p>0.05). The water activity of the semidried jerky was significantly reduced by treatment with glycerol and xylitol (p<0.05). The moisture content of semi-dried jerky containing various sugar alcohols was significantly higher than that of the control (p<0.05), while replacing sucrose with glycerol yielded the highest moisture content. The shear force of semi-dried jerky containing sugar alcohols was not significantly different for the sorbitol and glycerol treatments, but that replacing sucrose with 5.0% xylitol demonstrated the lowest shear force (p<0.05). The TBARS values of semi-dried jerkies with sugar alcohols were lower than the control (p<0.05). The sugar content of the semi-dried jerkies containing sorbitol and glycerol were lower than the control and xylitol treatment (p<0.05). In comparison with the control, the 5.0% xylitol treatment was found to be significantly different in the sensory evaluation (p<0.05). In conclusion, semi-dried jerky made by replacement with sugar alcohols improved the quality characteristics, while xylitol has applicability in manufacturing meat products.
Lim, Sung Nam,Seo, Jung Yoon,Jung, Dae Soo,Ahn, Wook,Song, Hoon Sub,Yeon, Sun-Hwa,Park, Seung Bin Elsevier 2015 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.623 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Spherical Li<SUB>1.167</SUB> <SUB>−</SUB> <I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>Na<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>Ni<SUB>0.18</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.548</SUB>Co<SUB>0.105</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (0⩽ <I>x</I> ⩽0.1) particles were prepared by spray pyrolysis, and subjected to electrochemical characterization for lithium battery applications. It was confirmed that Na doping enhances the charge/discharge rate capability. The structure of prepared samples was characterized by XRD: the <I>c</I>-axis lattice parameter increases with increase in the amount of Na ions (parameterized by <I>x</I>, above). The Na-doped sample with <I>x</I> =0.05 shows capacities of 208 and 184mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at high current densities of 1.0C and 2.0C, respectively. These values are enhanced, compared to values of 189 and 167mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> for the bare sample. The ratio of the capacity at 1.0C to that at 0.1C is enhanced from 77% for the bare sample to 84% for the Na-doped sample with <I>x</I> =0.05. The Li diffusion coefficients obtained from the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) are higher for Na-doped samples than for the bare sample. In particular, the Na-doped sample (<I>x</I> =0.05), in the potential range around 4V, has a higher <I>D</I> <SUB>Li+</SUB> value of 3.34×10<SUP>−9</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>, compared with 1.35×10<SUP>−9</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> for the bare sample. The Na-doped samples (0< <I>x</I> <0.075) show high capacity retention: the Na-doped sample (<I>x</I> =0.05) shows a capacity retention of 92% compared to 83% for the bare sample.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spherical Na-doped Li-rich cathode material prepared by spray pyrolysis. </LI> <LI> Na-doped samples show better rate capability than that of bare sample. </LI> <LI> Na-doped sample has higher <I>D</I> <SUB>Li+</SUB> value at 4V compared with that of the bare sample. </LI> <LI> The cycle performance was enhanced from 83% to 92%. </LI> </UL> </P>
Genome-wide bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis of SUMO interactome in yeast
Sung, Min-Kyung,Lim, Gyubum,Yi, Dae-Gwan,Chang, Yeon Ji,Yang, Eun Bin,Lee, KiYoung,Huh, Won-Ki Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2013 Genome research Vol.23 No.4
<P>The definition of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) in the natural cellular context is essential for properly understanding various biological processes. So far, however, most large-scale PPI analyses have not been performed in the natural cellular context. Here, we describe the construction of a <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I> fusion library in which each endogenous gene is C-terminally tagged with the N-terminal fragment of Venus (VN) for a genome-wide bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay, a powerful technique for identifying PPIs in living cells. We illustrate the utility of the VN fusion library by systematically analyzing the interactome of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and provide previously unavailable information on the subcellular localization, types, and protease dependence of SUMO interactions. Our data set is highly complementary to the existing data sets and represents a useful resource for expanding the understanding of the physiological roles of SUMO. In addition, the VN fusion library provides a useful research tool that makes it feasible to systematically analyze PPIs in the natural cellular context.</P>
Lim, Sang-Soon,Kim, Ju-Heon,Kwon, Beomjin,Kim, Seong Keun,Park, Hyung-Ho,Lee, Ki-Suk,Baik, Jeong Min,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Dong-Ik,Hyun, Dow-Bin,Kim, Jin-Sang,Baek, Seung-Hyub Elsevier 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.678 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As a field-assisted technique, spark plasma sintering (SPS) enables densification of specimens in a very short period of time compared to other sintering techniques. For high performance thermoelectric material synthesis, SPS is widely used to fabricate nanograin-structured thermoelectric materials by rapidly densifying the nanopowders suppressing grain growth. However, the microstructural evolution behavior of thermoelectric materials by SPS, another important process during sintering, has been rarely studied. Here, we explore SPS as a tool to control the microstructure by long-time SPS. Using p-type (Bi<SUB>0.25</SUB>Sb<SUB>0.75</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> thermoelectric materials as a model system, we systematically vary SPS temperature and time to understand the correlations between SPS conditions, microstructural evolution, and the thermoelectric properties. Our results show that the relatively low eutectic temperature (∼420 °C) and the existence of volatile tellurium (Te) are critical factors to determine both microstructure and thermoelectric property. In the liquid-phase sintering regime, rapid evaporation of Te leads to a strong dependence of thermoelectric property on SPS time. On the other hand, in the solid-phase sintering regime, there is a weak dependence on SPS time. The optimum thermoelectric figure-of-merit (Z) of 2.93 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>/K is achieved by SPS at 500 °C for 30 min. Our results will provide an insight on the optimization of SPS conditions for materials containing volatile elements with low eutectic temperature.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is used to synthesize the thermoelectric (Bi<SUB>0.25</SUB>Sb<SUB>0.75</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Liquid phase and volatile element are a key for the microstructure and thermoelectric property. </LI> <LI> Thermoelectric figure-of-merit of 2.9 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>/K is achieved at 500 °C for 30 min. </LI> </UL> </P>
Protective Effect of Morin on the Imipenem-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rabbits
Lim, Sung-Chul,Im, Young-Bin,Bae, Chun-Sik,Han, Song-Iy,Kim, Se-Eun,Han, Hyo-Kyung 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.8
The present study investigated the protective effect of morin, a natural flavonoid, on the imipenem-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Nephrotoxicity of imipenem was examined after the intravenous administrations of imipenem (200 mg/kg) to rabbits in the presence and the absence of morin (12, 25, 50 mg/kg, p.o.). Cytotoxicity of imipenem was also examined in the presence and the absence of morin ($100\;{\mu}M$) by using MDCK cells overexpressing human organic anion transporter 1 and 3 (MDCK/hOAT1 or MDCK/hOAT3). Intravenous dosing of imipenem alone induced severe proximal tubular necrosis in rabbits, however, the concurrent use of morin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly suppressed the histopathological damage in the kidney induced by imipenem. While imipenem was not cytotoxic in MDCK/hOAT1 cells over the tested concentrations up to 10 mM, it showed significant cellular toxicity with $CC_{50}$ of 0.77 mM in MDCK/hOAT3 cells, implying that OAT3 may involve more actively in the imipeneminduced nephrotoxicity. In addition, the cellular toxicity of imipenem decreased by approximately 20 folds in the presence of morin in MDCK/hOAT3 cells. In conclusion, the present study suggests that morin might be beneficial to reduce the nephrotoxicity of imipenem, at least in part, via the inhibition of OAT3-mediated renal excretion of imipenem.