The Moderating Role of Attribution in Penalty Judgment: an Empirical Study in the Financial Service Industry

Young “Sally” K. Kim 한국마케팅과학회 2006 마케팅과학연구 Vol.16 No.3

Many financial service organizations use various types of penalties (e.g., late payment fee, overdraft fee), often inflicting customer complaints and, in extreme cases, attrition. This study examines how customers evaluate penalties using concepts from attribution theory and literatures of social justice and customer satisfaction/ dissatisfaction. The study hypothesizes that both cognitive (i.e., attribution, perceived fairness, disconfirmation) and affective (i.e., emotion) responses influence customer’s penalty judgment and tests the effect of moderation between attribution and perceived fairness on penalty judgment. The study uses a crosssectional survey design and collects data using the critical incident technique. The results show that attributions have significant moderating effects on the relationship between perceived fairness and dissatisfaction with the penalty and that perceived fairness, emotion, and attribution have a significant influence on penalty evaluation. The study provides discussion of the findings and managerial implications.

Coping with Pressure: South Korea`s Defense Restructuring and the Impact of the Recent Economic Crisis

( Sally Harris ) 한국국방연구원 2000 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.12 No.2

South Korea`s latest defense modernization program aims to give the country a powerful, independent military that can effectively overcome challenges to its security well into the future. This includes being able to deal successfully not only with the present North Korean threat, but with possible regional crises in the post-reunification era, with or without support from us forces. Present and future threats, however, do not require the same military capabilities. Moreover, in democratization South Koreans have shifted their attitude towards defense and security issues. A broader, multilateral, more inclusive approach to security is the result. The article defines the ROK`s two security strategies and examines the various elements of the military reform program, involving armed forces restructuring; force improvement programs associated with ground, naval, and air forces and common force capabilities; and reforms to the military industrial complex including changes to the defense procurement process, R&D policy, and the local defense industry, to achieve greater efficiency. The impact of the 1997-1998 economic crisis on military procurement and the defense industry is discussed, and its implications are assessed for South Korea`s military reform program. The crisis actually hastened reform in some sectors, while the speed of the ROK`s economic recovery permitted the swift revival of several important military procurement programs. The sudden loss of funding was to have a damaging effect on R&D, however, and the slowing of corporate sector reforms means that the ROK defense industry still faces an uncertain future.

Theories and Research for the Study of Phenomena in the Client Domain of Nursing : Clinical Epistemology: A Dialectic of Nursing Assessment

( Sally Gadow ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 1999 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 학술대회 자료집 Vol.1999 No.2

아시아의 가사노동자 현황

Sally Choi 한국노동연구원 2011 국제노동브리프 Vol.9 No.4

ALAI : Latin America

Sally Burch Asian pacific women's information network center 2000 APWIN Vol.2 No.-

Making a Difference with Qualitative Inquiry

Sally Thorne 한국간호과학회 2018 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.1

Since nurses first began taking up qualitative research methods as a way of engaging with certain forms of knowledge relevant to their practice, they have struggled with how to follow methodological guidelines originally developed for the purpose of social science theorizing while simultaneously producing knowledge that will have relevance demonstrable relevance for the work of the discipline. Over time, the qualitative methodology conversation has become increasingly intertwined with the philosophical debates within nursing thought, including the relationship between knowledge of the general and that which pertains to the particular, the standardizing forces of an evidence-based care agenda, the nature of nursing’s distinctive epistemological position on matters of health and health care, and the moral implications of a social justice mandate. In this presentation, I describe newer options available to our profession in the form of qualitative research design options that offer the “look and feel” of a legitimate nursing inquiry process. These newer applied approaches allow us to integrate our disciplinary intelligence and insight into the kinds of research questions we generate, guide us to determine study samples and data construction approaches that reflect the nature and diversity of the phenomena we wish to study, allow for critical, cross comparative, and deep interpretive analysis at a level reflective of a solid grounding in the body of knowledge available to the discipline, and steer us toward articulating findings of a nature that can “speak” to the intended audience with disciplinary relevance and epistemological authority. In keeping with the nursing discipline’s deep commitment to knowledge that is “of use” to the profession, knowledge translation is therefore integrated into study design from the outset, such that the user community becomes an inherent stakeholder in the interpretive engagement of ideas throughout the entire process. Qualitative research designed to align with the logic of the nursing discipline lends itself to a wide range of study forms, from the largescale formal inquiries that can enter such dimensions as patient perspective and human subjectivity into the evidence dialogue within a field to the smaller practice based kinds of studies in which teams of nurses build sensitivity, understanding and insight around the complexities of the clinical phenomena they encounter. As we continue to build our disciplinary sophistication around how we can know good qualitative research when we see it, and gain confidence in designing the kinds of qualitative studies that will be best suited to answering the questions our profession most urgently needs to ask, we will be well positioned to play a leadership role in the evolving evidence-based practice discourse, thereby ensuring that patient voices and the capacity to individualize care remain into the future a hallmark of what our nursing profession stands for.

International Alcohol Control Policy (IAC) study : Initiative, Perspective and Contribution to the Global Alcohol Policy

Sally Casswell 한국알코올과학회 2012 한국알코올과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.10

Linking the Present with the Past through Intangible Heritage in History Museums

Sally Yerkovich 국립민속박물관 2006 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.1 No.-

This paper will discuss how the New Jersey HistoricalSociety has used the strategy of documenting intangibleheritage in its exhibitions to engage both audiences whounderstand the mission of an historical museum and thosewho have not grown up with history and historicalinstitutions as part of their lives. Intangible culture alsopersonalizes popular and mass cultural items, animatesexhibitions, and creates links between contemporary lifeand the state’s past for diverse urban audiences. FromTeenage New Jersey, 1942-1975 to Dining In, Dining Out,What Exit? New Jersey and Its Turnpike to New JerseyRemembers September 11, 2001, exhibitions havepresented dance, specialized language/jargon, jokes,eating practices, local traditions and lore, stories, songs,and memories along with material culture. This paperexamines how this has altered our presentation of historyand helped diversify our audiences as well as having hadimplications for staffing, collecting and collectionsmaintenance. Finally, this device has allowed us to formwhat might be viewed as an ‘identity repository’ – arepository of documents that speak not only to the values,practices and identity of distinct ethnic groups but also towhat it is that constitutes a New Jerseyan.

A Modified Multiple Depth First Search Algorithm for Grid Mapping Using Mini-Robots Khepera

Sally El-Ghoul,Ashraf S. Hussein,M. S. Abdel Wahab,U. Witkowski,U. Ruckert 한국정보과학회 2008 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.2 No.4

This paper presents a Modified Multiple Depth First Search algorithm for the exploration of the indoor environments occupied with obstacles in random distribution. The proposed algorithm was designed and implemented to employ one or a team of Khepera II mini robots for the exploration process. In case of multi-robots, the BlueCore2 External Bluetooth module was used to establish wireless networks with one master robot and one up to three slaves. Messages are sent and received via the module’s Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) interface. Real exploration experiments were performed using locally developed teleworkbench with various autonomy features. In addition, computer simulation tool was also developed to simulate the exploration experiments with one master robot and one up to ten slaves. Computer simulations were in good agreement with the real experiments for the considered cases of one to one up to three networks. Results of the MMDFS for single robot exhibited 46% reduction in the needed number of steps for exploring environments with obstacles in comparison with other algorithms, namely the Ants algorithm and the original MDFS algorithm. This reduction reaches 71% whenever exploring open areas. Finally, results performed using multi-robots exhibited more reduction in the needed number of exploration steps.

Building a Network from Clinical Practice to Research

SALLY PECK LUNDEEN 한국간호과학회 2007 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.11