http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Smart city designing and planning based on big data analytics
Khan, Murad,Babar, Muhammad,Ahmed, Syed Hassan,Shah, Sayed Chhattan,Han, Kijun Elsevier 2017 Sustainable cities and society Vol.35 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a global communication network between millions of devices connected to the internet. Similarly, the emergence of heterogeneous wireless networks provides a medium to the IoT communication paradigm. In order to enable an energy-friendly communication in an IoT environment, such as smart home, office, city, etc. we propose an energy-aware communication systems for IoT environments. The proposed scheme works in several phases such as identification of high energy require appliances, deployment of sensors, scheduling, etc. Moreover, the data from the IoT devices are collected through sensors. The data is tested using the Hadoop ecosystem for future planning and efficient usage of the energy in an IoT environment. The proposed architecture is tested in a different scenario against the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based IoT architecture in the context of energy consumption. The proposed architecture performs efficiently than WSN in a number of scenarios. Similarly, the efficiency and processing time of the Hadoop system is computed which shows better results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Internet of Things (IoT) provides a global communication network between millions of devices. </LI> <LI> Energy-aware communication systems for IoT environments. </LI> <LI> Scheduling mechanisms are used to prioritize the home appliances. </LI> </UL> </P>
Critical Analysis of Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) Techniques
Said Akbar,M.N.A. Khan 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.5
Clustering is the most used technique in data mining. Clustering maximize the intra-cluster similarity and minimize the inter clusters similarity. DBSCAN is the basic density based clustering algorithm. Cluster is defined as regions of high density are separated from regions that are less dense. DBSCAN algorithm can discover clusters of arbitrary shapes and size in large spatial databases. Beside its popularity, DBSCAN has drawbacks that its worst time complexity reaches to O (n2). Similarly, it cannot deal with varied densities. It is hard to know the initial value of input parameters. In this study, we have studied and discussed some significant enhancement of DBSCAN algorithm to tackle with these problems. We analysed all the enhancements to computational time and output to the original DBSCAN. Majority of variations adopted hybrid techniques and use partitioning to overcome the limitations of DBSCAN algorithm. Some of which performs better and some have their own usefulness and characteristics.
ON SOME GENERATING FUNCTIONS OF GENERALIZED BATEMAN'S AND PASTERNAK'S POLYNOMIALS OF TWO VARIABLES
Abbas, Sayed Mohammad,Khan, Mumtaz Ahmad,Khan, Abdul Hakim Korean Mathematical Society 2013 대한수학회논문집 Vol.28 No.1
The aim of the present paper is to study some generating functions of generalized Bateman's and Pasternak's polynomials of two variables.
Muhammad Bilal Khan,강문수,Shah Sayed Chhattan,강신각 한국전자통신연구원 2014 ETRI Journal Vol.36 No.3
To achieve high-speed (giga-bit) connectivity for shortrangewireless multimedia applications, the millimeterwave(mmWave) wireless personal area networks withdirectional antennas are gaining increased interest. Due tothe use of directional antennas and mmWavecommunications, the probability of non-interferingtransmissions increases in a localized region. Networkthroughput can be increased immensely by the concurrenttime allocation of non-interfering transmissions. Theproblem of finding optimum time allocation for concurrenttransmissions is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, wepropose two enhanced versions of previously proposedmulti-hop concurrent transmission (MHCT) schemes. Toincrease network capacity, the proposed schemes efficientlymake use of the free holes in the time-allocation map of theMHCT scheme; thus, making it more compact.
Crack Density and Electrical Resistance in Indium-Tin-Oxide/Polymer Thin Films Under Cyclic Loading
Angel Mora,Kamran A. Khan,Tamer El Sayed 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.6
Here, we propose a damage model that describes the degradation of the material properties of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films deposited on polymer substrates under cyclic loading. We base this model on our earlier tensile test model and show that the new model is suitable for cyclic loading. After calibration with experimental data, we are able to capture the stress-strain behavior and changes in electrical resistance of ITO thin films. We are also able to predict the crack density using calibrations from our previous model. Finally, we demonstrate the capabilities of our model based on simulations using material properties reported in the literature. Our model is implemented in the commercially available finite element software ABAQUS using a user subroutine UMAT.
Rahman, Md. Habibur,Khan, Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin,Fardusi, Most. Jannatu,Roy, Bishwajit Institute of Forest Science 2010 Journal of Forest Science Vol.26 No.3
This paper analyzes data on the composition, status, diversity, and distribution pattern of invasive forest undergrowth in a protected area (Khadimnagar National Park) of Northeastern Bangladesh. Assessment was done by means of stratified random sampling to diversify the invasive forest undergrowth species. For vegetation survey, 45 plots were taken randomly in ($2m{\times}2m$) circular plot from three topographical regions namely top of the hill, middle slope and plain land (15 plots from each region) and a total of 715 individuals, 22 invasive species belonging to 17 families were recorded from the study site. Among invasive species, shrubs constitute 10 species, herbs 9 species, and vines 3 species respectively. Mass number of invasive undergrowth species was grows in plain land (45.45%) followed by middle slope (31.82%). Based on the survey, invasive undergrowth plants of study areas were also categorized into three degrees of invasiveness e.g., highly invasive, moderately invasive and potentially invasive. Herbs, shrubs, and vines constitute the highest density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. (1.09), relative density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. 6.85%; highest and lowest frequency was calculated at Cassia alata L. (64.44%) and Diplazium esculentum (24.44%); for relative frequency the highest was Cassia alata L., which occupies 6.64%. Determination of the abundance of the different species revealed that Cassia alata L., constitutes (3.36) followed by Pteris cretica Wilsonii (3.14) of the area. The presence of invasive undergrowth species always reduced the number of associated species. Therefore, an extensive in-depth long-term investigation, proper policy formulation and management interventions and further study and continuous monitoring on their impacts need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive undergrowth species of this protected area. In this aspect, national and international organization could help to conserve its biodiversity.
Sikander Azam,Saleem Ayaz Khan,Jan Minar,Souraya Goumri-Said 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.10
Due to growing demand on discovering new materials for light-emitting diodes devices, many efforts were made to discover and characterize new inorganic materials such as phosphors. Using the full potential method within density functional theory the electronic and optical properties of BaAl2Si3O4N4 and BaAlSi4O3N5 semiconductors have been investigated. The electronic structure and the optical properties of these phosphors were calculated through a reliable approach of modified Beck-Johnson (mBJ) approach. We found that BaAl2Si3O4N4 and BaAlSi4O3N5 have wide direct band gaps positioned at G about 5.846 and 4.96 eV respectively. The optical properties, namely the dielectric function, optical reflectivity, refractive index and electron energy loss, are reported for radiation up to 15 eV. Our study suggests that BaAl2Si3O4N4 and BaAlSi4O3N5 could be promising materials for applications in the LEDs devices and optoelectronics areas of research.
Farman Ullah,Inamullah Khan,Hart, Robert-Spooner,Peter Bailey,Khalil, Said-Khan Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2002 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.5 No.1
Morphological features of the ladybird beetle Stethorus vegans (Blackburn) were studied at 25 $\pm$ $2^{\circ}$ with a photoperiod of 16L: 8D. All stages of S. vahans were examined under a stereo-zoom microscope. Newly laid eggs were translucent white, turning pale yellow after 4-5 hours. The mean egg dimension was 0.36 x 0.19 mm. Eggs laid by unmated females did not hatch or show any signs of development. Newly emerged larvae were white in color, but soon became pale creamy-white. There were four larval instars, which were differentiated from each other by the presence of exuviae and differences in head capsule size. The pre-pupa, not a distinct stage in the life cycle but a quiescent period at the end of the 4th larval instar, lasted for several hours. Pupae were oval, flattened and black-brown with (me hair like setae on their dorsal sides with a mean length and width of 1.06 x 0.74 mm. The adults were oval, convex and black with small yellow setae on their dorsal side.