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Madhu S. Nair,Jisha Jose,Anil Prahladan 대한의용생체공학회 2013 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.3 No.2
Purpose Ultrasound (US) imaging is widely used for diagnosis these days due to its advantages such as no-radiation,portability and low cost. But the two inherent drawbacks of US imaging are low contrast and speckle noise. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to simultaneously enhance the contrast and suppress the speckle noise thereby improving the visual quality of the US image. Methods Normalization and fuzzification are used as the preprocessing steps for the contrast enhancement and the mapping of intensity values to brightness degree of US images. A fuzzy sub-pixel fractional partial difference with Jensen Shannon divergence operator is proposed here for determining whether a pixel is noise or edge, and thereby reducing the speckle noise. The proposed method is a generalization of first, second and fourth order difference with weight information collected from the overall view of the image. Results Proposed method has been tested both on synthetic and real ultrasound images. The results show that the proposed method improves preservation of relevant information without compromising the quality of visual appearance. FOM and Contrast measures prove the superiority of the proposed method over conventional as well as advanced methods. Conclusions The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DJ method has the advantage of maximizing speckle reduction and contrast enhancement, with great accuracy for slightly varying edges and the fine details are well preserved. The method can improve the quality of US images, and will be useful for CAD systems for cancer detection and classification based on US images.
ENGEL'S AND LIE'S THEOREMS FOR LIE ALGEBRA BUNDLES
B MADHU,R. Rangarajan,B S KIRANAGI,K AJAYKUMAR 장전수학회 2021 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.31 No.1
We prove the Engel's structure theorem for a Lie algebra bundle E by proving the existence of a nite dimensional ample Lie subalgebra of Γ(E), the Lie algebra of all sections of E. Further Lie's theorem is proved using the existence of a joint eigenvector in the ample Lie subalgebra of Γ(E) corresponding to a solvable subalgebra bundle X of End(E).
Madhu S. Nair,Rema M. 대한의용생체공학회 2013 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.3 No.3
Purpose Identification of human intestinal parasites from microscopy images of fecal sample is an important and time consuming process in the diagnosis of intestinal parasitosis. Automatic image processing can be applied to segment and identify the parasite but the presence of fecal impurities makes this process a challenging one. This paper presents a framework for segmentation of bright field microscopy images of fecal sample that contain both parasites and impurities. Methods The proposed framework uses thresholding,morphological opening and Active Contour Model (ACM). Contour is initialized using thresholding and morphological opening and the contour is evolved using Localized Mean-Separation based Active Contour Model (LMS-ACM). Results This framework is simple, fast and yields good results even when the parasites are overlapped with impurities. The accuracy of the method is tested by comparing the results with manually segmented images. Conclusions As accurate segmentation of the objects is the first and important step in identification process, this work is a promising approach towards the automatic diagnosis of human intestinal parasitosis.
CFD Prediction of a Cyclone Separator
Ranadip Madhu,Prasad, B.V.S.S.S.,Heuy-Dong Kim 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.12
This paper presents a numerical study of the gas-anthracite particle flow in a tangential cum spiral inlet cyclone separator by increasing the vortex finder length. The pressure and flow field are computed and then used in the determination of particles flow that is simulated by the use of a Discrete Phase Model (DPM) following Euler-Lagrangian model. The efficiency variation of the cyclone separator is shown in terms of collection efficiency and trajectories of particles from the simulation. The effects of particle size, density and vortex finder length on the collection efficiency are quantified.
K. M. Madhu,P. S. Beena,M. Chandrasekaran 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.4
A potential fungal strain producing extracellular β-glucosidase enzyme was isolated from sea water and identified as Aspergillus sydowii BTMFS 55 by a molecular approach based on 28S rDNA sequence homology which showed 93% identity with already reported sequences of Aspergillus sydowii in the GenBank. A sequential optimization strategy was used to enhance the production of β-glucosidase under solid state fermentation (SSF) with wheat bran (WB) as the growth medium. The two-level Plackett-Burman (PB) design was implemented to screen medium components that influence β-glucosidase production and among the 11 variables, moisture content, inoculums, and peptone were identified as the most significant factors for β-glucosidase production. The enzyme was purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE sepharose. The enzyme was a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of ~95 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. It was optimally active at pH 5.0 and 50°C. It showed high affinity towards pNPG and enzyme has a Km and Vmax of 0.67 mM and 83.3 U/mL, respectively. The enzyme was tolerant to glucose inhibition with a Ki of 17 mM. Low concentration of alcohols (10%), especially ethanol, could activate the enzyme. A considerable level of ethanol could produce from wheat bran and rice straw after 48 and 24 h, respectively, with the help of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in presence of cellulase and the purified β-glucosidase of Aspergillus sydowii BTMFS 55.
Study on effect of welding speed on friction stir welded aluminium metal matrix hybrid composite
P. Gopi Krishnan,B. Suresh Babu,S. Madhu,S. J. Gowrishankar,C. Bibin,S. Saran,S. Shree Ram,A. R. Sri Hari,S.Vidyasagar 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.5
The development of aluminum series matrix hybrid composites with ceramic reinforcements has recently caught the interestof new researchers. The addition of more than one or two reinforcements in aluminium alloy leads to the fabrication of theAluminium Metal Matrix Hybrid Composite (AMMHC). The present investigation is aimed at the development of newlydeveloped AMMHC followed by friction stir welding for obtaining the improved mechanical properties. The stir castedAA6063 with reinforcement of 5%, 10% and 15% wt. Silicon Carbide (SiC) and 10% wt. Boron Carbide (B4C) werefabricated by stir casting technique and the AMMHC with 10% each of SiC and B4C showed higher mechanical properties. Further the AMMHC are joined by friction stir welding (FSW) route. A prime experimental work has been tried out in theFSW process by varying welding speed (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mm/min). The effect of welding speed on AMMHCs were studiedon macro and microstructural observations followed by micro hardness and ultimate tensile. Strength, in which 40 mm/minof welding speed gives better properties than other processing condition. The weldment reveals the better joint strength withthe presence of fine particle dispersion in the microstructure.
ON DERIVATION ALGEBRA BUNDLE OF AN ALGEBRA BUNDLE
B.S. Kiranagi,RANJITHA KUMAR,K. AJAYKUMAR,B. MADHU 장전수학회 2018 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.21 No.2
We prove local triviality of a semisimple algebra bundle and that its corresponding Lie algebra bundle is a direct summand of the centre and a semisimple ideal bundle. Further we prove that the radical bundle of an algebra bundle is a characteristic ideal bundle. Using these results we establish that an algebra bundle is semisimple if and only if its derivation algebra bundle is either semisimple or zero.
( Muhammad S Sajid ),( Madhu Hebbar ),( Mirza K Baig ),( Andy Li ),( Zinu Philipose ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.3
This article highlights the role of prucalopride in the management of chronic constipation based upon the principles of meta-analysis using data reported in the published randomized, controlled trials. Sixteen randomized, controlled trials on 3943 patients reported the effectiveness of prucalopride in patients with chronic constipation. Prucalopride successfully increased the frequency of spontaneous bowel movements per week in all variable doses of 1 mg (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.42 [95% CI, 0.18-0.66; P = 0.006]), 2 mg (SMD, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.11-0.56; P = 0.003]), and 4 mg (SMD, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.22-0.44; P = 0.00001]). The risks of adverse events or side effects such as headache, abdominal cramps, excessive flatulence, dizziness, diarrhea, and rash were higher (odds ratio, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.27 to -2.27; P = 0.0004]) in prucalopride group. Prucalopride is clinically a beneficial pharmacotherapy for chronic constipation and its routine use may be considered in patients with chronic simple laxative-resistant constipation. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:412-422)