Lord Carrying Effect on the Biomechanical Parameters of Slips and Falls

Rohae Myung(명노해) 대한산업공학회 2001 대한산업공학회지 Vol.27 No.2

해군 함정 레이더 디스플레이의 EID(Ecological Interface Design)를 위한 WDA(Work Domain Analysis) 적용

박영환(Younghwan Park),명노해(Rohae Myung) 한국HCI학회 2011 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

Eye-Tracking Method를 이용한 메뉴구조 설계 및 평가

박종순(Jongsoon Park),명노해(Rohae Myung) 한국HCI학회 2007 한국HCI학회 논문지 Vol.2 No.1

디지털 컨버전스 제품은 복잡한 정보 구조로 인한 인지적 과부하로 메뉴로 부터 효과적인 정보 인출의 방해를 초래하고 있다. 이러한 인지적 과부하를 완화하기 위해서 현재까지 크게 두 가지 방법(메뉴의 폭과 깊이에 관련된 물리적 방법과 메뉴 타이틀에 관련된 어의적 방법)을 사용하여 효과적인 메뉴구조를 만들기 위하여 노력하여 왔다. 본 연구는 visual search에 수반되는 Fixation과 Fixation Duration을 사용한 또 다른 어의적 방법론을 제안하여 메뉴구조 설계 방법으로서의 효능을 입증하고자 한다. 특히, Fixation은 인간의 인지 모델에 따라 자동적으로 이루어지기 때문에 Fixation을 통해 정보 구조와 인지 모델간의 일치 여부를 파악할 수 있으므로 인지적으로 잘 설계된 메뉴 구조는 Fixation 수와 Duration이 잘못 설계된 메뉴구조보다 적다는 가설이 성립된다. 이러한 가설의 검정을 위하여 본 연구에서는 Eye-Tracking 장비를 사용하여 메뉴 수정 전 후의 Fixation 수와 Duration을 측정하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 수정 후의 Fixation 수와 Duration이 유의하게 감소됨으로서 수정 후의 메뉴구조가 수정 전보다 효과적인 메뉴구조임을 알 수 있다. 다시 말해서 본 연구에서 제안한 visual search에 수반되는 Fixation과 Fixation Duration을 사용한 메뉴구조 설계 방법론이 효과적인 방법이라는 것이 증명되었다. Because of the cognitive overload which is caused by the complicated information structure, Digital Convergence product interferes with the effective retrieval of the information from the menu. Two methods have been used to alleviate that cognitive overload by making an effective menu structure; physical menu structure method which is related with the width and depth of the menu, semantic menu structure method which is related with the menu title. In this research, we tried to demonstrate the effectiveness of the menu structure designing method by suggesting a new semantic methodology which uses the Fixation and Fixation duration which are accompanied by the visual search. Because the Fixation is automatically processed by the human cognitive model, we could easily recognize whether the information structure is correspond to the cognitive model or not. From this fact we established the hypothesis that the number of cognitively well established menu structures are fewer than that of the wrongly designed menu structures in terms of the Fixation number and Duration. To verify this hypothesis, we compared the Fixation number and Duration of the modified menu structures with those of the original menu structures by using the Eye-Tracking experiment. As a result, we could find the significant decrease of the Fixation number and Duration after modification. Therefore we could recognize that the modified menu structure was more effective than the original menu structure. In sum, the newly suggested menu structure designing methodology which uses the Fixation and Fixation Duration accompanied by the visual search was proved to be a very effective method.

차량 안정화 도달시간을 이용한 최적의 제어권 전환 요청 시간 결정

임승재(Seung Jae Lim),명노해(Rohae Myung) 대한인간공학회 2021 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.40 No.6

Objective: The aim of this study is to show that by calculating the optimal take-over request lead time (TORlt) using the stabilization time, the stabilization time could be fully utilized in research on take-over and reflect the personal driving tendency that variables in the previous study could not perform. Background: In conditional automated driving, the driver is placed in an out-of-the-loop situation. In order to overcome this problem, it is necessary to take-over request, but there is no official definition of optimal TORlt. In previous studies, they suggested various optimal TORlts, but there is the common limitation that they did not reflect personal driving tendencies. The tendency of personal driving is well observed in longitudinal/lateral control during manual driving, and it is necessary to analyze the stabilization after take-over to see if the driving performance has reached the manual driving level. Method: A total of 46 subjects participated in the study. This study described a take-over situation due to the sudden appearance of obstacles during automated driving using an OpenDS simulator. After the take-over, the driver performed manual driving until it was determined that the vehicle had stabilized on its own. The driving performance related to vehicle stabilization was measured as the standard deviation of speed and steering wheel angle (SWA). Using these, individual stabilization standards and the stabilization time were measured. Four TORlts (3s, 7s, 10s, 15s) were used as independent variables, and one-factor within-subject ANOVA analysis and Fisher"s LSD post-hoc analysis were performed using longitudinal/lateral stabilization time and Dual stabilization time as dependent variables. Results: In lateral stabilization and dual stabilization, there was a significant difference in stabilization time according to the change in TORlts, which was classified into two groups: 3s and more than 7s. And the stabilization time decreased as TORlt increased from 3s to 10s. But when TORlt increased from 10s to 15s, the stabilization time increased again, which was in a U-shape. Conclusion: The optimal TORlt calculated using the stabilization time reflecting individual stabilization standards is about 10 seconds, which is similar to previous studies. Application: This means that the stabilization time can sufficiently replace the role of variables used in the previous take-over studies. In addition, since individual stabilization standards were applied and analyzed, there is a sufficient advantage in that it can reflect personal driving tendencies.

자율주행 상황에서 제어권 전환 요청 시기가 운전자 작업부하에 미치는 영향

윤용덕(Yong Deok Yun),명노해(Rohae Myung) 대한인간공학회 2019 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Takeover Request Lead Time (TORlt) to Driver Workload in conditionally autonomous driving (CAD). Background: Takeover request (TOR) is important issue in conditionally autonomous driving. A human driver must be ready to take control of the vehicle when TOR is given. However, driver could be underload when autonomous driving lasts for a long time or be overload if NDRT (Non-driving related task) is highly demanding or TOR appears suddenly. Therefore, investigating driver workload in takeover situation is essential. This paper focuses on effects of TORlt to driver workload. Method: To investigate effects of TORlt to driver workload in CAD, experiment were conducted on the takeover situation through a driving simulator. Experiment were conducted on 7 levels of TORlt (3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60s) and ghost session. Also, the participants performed NDRT to assume CAD. During the experiments, subjective and physiological workload was measured by DALI (Driving Activity Load Index) and respiration rate respectively. Results: TORlt has a large effect on driver workload. When TORlt was 3 seconds, the subjective and objective workload was the highest. As TORlt increases, both of workload decreases. For subjective workload, there was a slight increase in workload when TORlt was long, but it was not statistically significant. For physiological workload, the workload continued to decline, but there was no statistically significant difference for longer TORlt In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between subjective workload and physiological workload. Therefore, subjective workload can be replaced by physiological workload in takeover situation. Conclusion: As TORlt increases, the driver workload decreases, but the difference is not significant if TORlt was long. Also, subjective workload measurement could be replaced by measuring physiological signals. Application: Through this paper, it has been found that physiological measure could be an alternative for measuring workload in autonomous vehicle. Therefore, in autonomous vehicles, sensors that measure physiological signals will be installed to determine the driver`s workload.

다중작업 환경에서 좌절감의 정량적 측정방법

정선구(Sungoo Jeong),명노해(Rohae Myung) 대한산업공학회 2017 대한산업공학회지 Vol.43 No.3

탐색구조 회전익 항공기의 작업영역 분석

김현기(Hyungi Kim),명노해(Rohae Myung) 대한인간공학회 2017 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.36 No.6

Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the work domain and to extract the information requirements based on work domain analysis for ecological interface design of search and rescue helicopter. Background: Due to Flight at low altitude and many take-off and landings, helicopter’s maneuvering have a high probability of human errors. In particular, search and rescue mission requires an effective interface because of helicopter’s flight in urgent and risky environments. To cope with unanticipated events in the helicopter’s maneuvering environment, work domain analysis has been used to introduce an effective design method, ecological interface design. Method: With the pilot operating on the search and rescue helicopter, (1) Work domain model was created by performing work domain analysis through abstraction hierarchy and part-whole hierarchy of search and rescue helicopter, (2) then the scenario mapping test was performed to evaluate the work domain model. Results: The Information requirements for ecological interface design of search and rescue helicopter was extracted in work domain model. Conclusion: In this study, the constraints and information requirements in the search and rescue helicopter were obtained through the work domain analysis of search and rescue helicopter, and it expand to the area of ecological interface design for helicopter. Application: The results of this study can improve the interface of search and rescue helicopter currently in use and help to ensure safe flight.

Fitts' law를 이용한 Knob Pointing task 수행도 예측

이봉근 (Bonggeun Lee),명노해(Rohae Myung) 한국HCI학회 2010 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

항공기 사고분석을 통한 조종사 에러와 유발 요인 사이의 관련성 분석

류길섭(Kilseop Ryu),명노해(Rohae Myung) 한국HCI학회 2005 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

GOMS 모델을 기반으로 한 Rapid Prototyping에 관한 연구

차연주(Yeonjoo Cha),명노해(Rohae Myung) 대한산업공학회 2010 대한산업공학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

The purpose of this research was to develop an integrated interface for the usability test of systems or products in the design process. It is capable of automatically creating GOMS models which can predict human task performances. It can generate GOMS models to be interacted with the prototype interfaces. It can also effectively manage various design information and various usability test results to be implemented into the new product and/or system design. Thus we can perform usability test for products or system prototypes more effectively and also reduce time and effort required for this test. For usability tests, we established an integrated interface based on GOMS model by the LabVIEW program. We constructed the system that the linkage to GOMS model is available. Using this integrated interface, the menu structure of mobile phone can be constructed easily. User can design a depth and a breath that he want. The size of button and the label of the button is changable. The path to the goal can be defined by the user. Using a designed menu structure, the experiment could be performed. The results of GOMS model and the actual time are presented. Besides, values of operators of GOMS model can be defined as the value that user wants. Using the integrated interface that we developed, the optimal menu structure deducted. The menu structure that user wants can be established easily. The optimal layout and button size can be decided by comparison of numerous menu structures. User can choose the method of usability test among GOMS model and empirical data. Using this integrated interface, the time and costs can be saved and the optimal menu structure can be found easily.