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Effects of Temperature on Growth and Color of Flower Stalk in Chinese Kale
Riyuan Chen,Xiahui Peng,Houcheng Liu,Guangwen Sun,Danfeng Huang 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.6
The effects of temperature treatments [35/28 and 22/17 (℃, average temperature, day/night)] on growth and color of flower stalk were studied on Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailley) (cv. ‘Jianyexia’ and ‘Hongjiao’) in growth chamber. The results showed that the fresh weight of flower stalk and root, dry weight and leaf area of plant decreased under higher temperatures in both cultivars, and the reduction in cv. ‘Jianyexia’ was greater than in cv. ‘Hongjiao’. The anthocyanin concentrations in flower stalk decreased in both cultivars under higher temperature, and those in cv. ‘Hongjiao’ is significantly higher than in cv. ‘Jianyexia’. However, the flavonoid concentrations in flower stalk increased in both cultivars under higher temperature. There were little effects of temperature on concentrations of chlorophyll and carotenoid in flower stalk, and those of cv. ‘Jianyexia’ were significantly higher than cv. ‘Hongjiao’.
Riyuan Chen,Shiwei Song,Xiuchun Li,Houcheng Liu,Danfeng Huang 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.3
The effect of phosphorus (P) nutrition on plant growth and pigment formation in the flower stalk was studied under hydroponic conditions for 2 Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey) cultivars: ‘Jianyexia’ (green flower stalk)and ‘Hongjiao’ (mauve flower stalk). Three different P treatments were used: 30 (normal-P), 7.5 (low-P), and 0 mg·L-1(P-deficient). The results showed that the biomass, yield, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf number of Chinese kale were significantly reduced in the low-P and P-deficient treatments compared to the normal-P treatment. The chlorophyll content in the flower stalk epidermis was not affected by different P levels in ‘Jianyexia’, but was significantly reduced by the P-deficient treatment in ‘Hongjiao’. Decreased P levels caused the flavonoid, soluble phenol, and anthocyanin content of the flower stalks to gradually increase in both Chinese kale cultivars. The pH value of the flower stalk epidermis gradually decreased with the declining P levels, and was significantly different among the 3treatments. As the P levels declined, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) activities in the flower stalk epidermis gradually increased, and were significantly different among the 3 treatments. P nutrition may control the synthesis of anthocyanins in the flower stalk by regulating the epidermal pH value, and the activities of PAL and CHI.
Shiwei Song,Riyuan Chen,Zhenhua He,Xinmin Huang,Lihua Zhong,Houcheng Liu,Guangwen Sun 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.2
Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra L.) is a popular vegetable rich in important nutrients. Fertilization withappropriate ammonium:nitrate ratios enhances biomass production and quality. AMT-type ammonium transporters havebeen shown to mediate ammonium uptake across the plasma membrane. However, very little is known about themolecular regulation of growth and development by ammonium in Chinese kale, including how ammonium regulatesthe expression of AMT1 genes. In this study, we identified and characterized two AMT1 genes from B. alboglabra,BaAMT1;1 and BaAMT1;3. The full-length open reading frames of BaAMT1;1 and BaAMT1;3 were 1512 bp and1515 bp, respectively. Transient expression of the fusion proteins pBE-EGFP-BaAMT1;1 and pBE-EGFP-BaAMT1;3 inonion epidermal cells indicated that these transporters are located on the plasma membrane. BaAMT1;1 and BaAMT1;3were functional in yeast and complemented a mutant defective in ammonium transport. BaAMT1;1 was expressed invegetative organs and at high levels in roots, while BaAMT1;3 expression was root specific. In addition, we observedopposite responses of BaAMT1;1 and BaAMT1;3 expression to nitrogen starvation and ammonium resupply in roots. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ammonium absorption in Chinese kale.