Contemplating charge transport by modeling of DNA nucleobases based nano structures

Rajan Vohra,Ravinder Singh Sawhney,Kunwar Partap Singh 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.5

Electrical charge transport through two basic strands Thymine and Adenine of DNA has been analyzed using jellium model approach. The FFT-2D computations have been performed for semi empirical Extended Huckel Theory using Atomistix Tool kit to contemplate the charge transport metrics like current and conductance. We have scrutinized the behavior of the devices in the range of -2 V–2 V for a step size of 0.2 V. A prominent observation is the drop in HLGs of Adenine and Thymine, when working as device as compared to their intrinsic values and this is comparative more visible in case of Adenine. The current in the thymine based device exhibit linear increase with voltage in spite of having low conductance. Further the broader transmission peaks represent the strong coupling of electrodes to the scattering molecule (Thymine). The NDR effect of Adenine based device for higher bias can be utilized in various future electronics applications.

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) FTA

Rajan Sudesh Ratna,Jing Huang 한국경제연구학회 2016 Korea and the World Economy Vol.17 No.2

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is an ASEAN-led proposal for a regional free trade area between 10 ASEAN countries and ASEAN’s 6 other Free Trade Agreement (FTA) partners. The current international trade regime is now being governed by the non-tariff measures that raise the trade cost. The critical issue for market access, thus, would be as to how the reduction/elimination of non-tariff measures (NTMs) is addressed in RCEP negotiations. This paper first explores the background of RCEP, the trade and tariff profiles of RCEP members. The paper examines the overall trade cost using the ESCAP — World Bank database and then evaluates the impact of elimination of non-tariff related trade cost on intra-RCEP exports in a post FTA situation by using the gravity model. Lastly, this paper suggests some measures for effective RCEP negotiations, especially how to deal with the issues relating to non-tariff measures with a special focus on sanitary and phytosanitary, and technical barriers to trade.

Authentication of PCSs with Cascaded Encryption Technique

Rajan Kaushal,Randeep Singh 한국디지털융합학회 2020 IJICTDC Vol.5 No.1

In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed using the technique of Cascaded Encryption (CE) for authentication of small handheld and Portable Communication Systems (PCSs). In the proposed method an 8-bit session key Ks is sent to the Mobile Station (MS) from the Authentication Center (AuC) as soon as the MS is switched on in the GSM network. The MS computes a cipher key for authentication KCA using the Recursive Positional Module-2 Substitution (RPMS) cryptographic technique. The technique of Cascaded Encryption (CE) considers the 128-bit International Mobile Subscribers’ Identification (IMSI) i.e. Ki as a stream. This stream is then divided into 16 groups each of which contains 8 bits. These groups are represented as G0 to G15. The corresponding bits of each group are put through repetitive Exclusive OR (XOR) operation with the adjacent bit until it generates a single bit number. Hence each group forms a triangular bit pattern. From these triangular bit patterns, the target block T is formed which consists of 16 bits, t0 to t15, which are generated from the groups G0 to G15. Further T is divided into two sub-blocks T0 and T1 consisting of bits t0...t7 and t8...t15 respectively. The bits of the blocks T0 and T1 are put through XOR operation with the corresponding bits of the session key Ks in two different steps to obtain C0 and C1 respectively. The bitstreams C0 and C1 are concatenated to form the 16 bits intermediate key Kim. Kim is put through the mechanism of the Rotor Machine where the direction of the bits depends on the cipher key for authentication KCA. The Rotor Machine generates the 16-bit SRES. Authentication Center (AuC) computes the SRES independently in a similar method and sends SRES and Ks to Home Location Register (HLR). HLR compares SRES obtained from AuC with SRES obtained from MS to confirm its identity.

DFMO feeding lowers polyamine levels and causes developmental defects in the silkworm Bombyx mori

Rajan Resma,Chunduri Alekhya Rani,Siripurapu Prasanthi,Satti Annapurna Bhavani,Kottakota Sai Krishna,Marupilla Bhagyasree,Kallare Arun Kumar,Mamillapalli Anitha 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1

The domesticated silkworm Bombyx mori is an economically important insect that produces large quantities of silk during its 5th instar larval stage. Polyamines are important regulators of growth and have been shown to affect silk production, however their role in larval development is not completely understood. L-ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key regulatory enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway catalyzes the conversion of ornithine to putrescine, which is further broken down to spermidine and spermine. In this study, we set out to understand the role of ODC on the growth and development of silkworm larvae. We fed 5th instar larvae with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an ODC inhibitor and studied its impact on larval silk glands. Feeding DFMO did not alter the expression of L-ODC but led to a significant reduction in putrescine and spermidine levels. Furthermore, reduced cellular levels of polyamine led to increased oxidative stress and decreased cell viability. Subsequently, this resulted in several developmental defects at the pupal and moth stages. These findings highlight the importance of ODC in the growth and development of B. mori larvae.

Cost-based design of residential steel roof systems: A case study

Rajan, S.D.,Mobasher, B.,Chen, S.Y.,Young, C. Techno-Press 1999 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.8 No.2

The cost effectiveness of using steel roof systems for residential buildings is becoming increasingly apparent with the decrease in manufacturing cost of steel components, reliability and efficiency in construction practices, and the economic and environmental concerns. While steel has been one of the primary materials for structural systems, it is only recently that its use for residential buildings is being explored. A comprehensive system for the design of residential steel roof truss systems is presented. In the first stage of the research the design curves obtained from the AISI-LRFD code for the manufactured cross-sections were verified experimentally. Components of the truss systems were tested in order to determine their member properties when subjected to axial force and bending moments. In addition, the experiments were simulated using finite element analysis to provide an additional source of verification. The second stage of the research involved the development of an integrated design approach that would automatically design a lowest cost roof truss given minimal input. A modified genetic algorithm was used to handle sizing, shape and topology variables in the design problem. The developed methodology was implemented in a software system for the purpose of designing the lowest cost truss that would meet the AISI code provisions and construction requirements given the input parameters. The third stage of the research involved full-scale testing of a typical residential steel roof designed using the developed software system. The full scale testing established the factor of safety while validating the analysis and design procedures. Evaluation of the test results indicates that designs using the present approach provide a structure with enough reserve strength to perform as predicted and are very economical.

Effect of bilateral infraorbital nerve block on intraoperative anesthetic requirements, hemodynamics, glycemic levels, and extubation in infants undergoing cheiloplasty under general anesthesia

Rajan, Sunil,Mathew, Jacob,Kumar, Lakshmi The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2021 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.21 No.2

Background: Inappropriate use of intravenous and inhaled anesthetics may be dangerous in infants undergoing facial cleft surgeries. This study primarily aimed to compare the effect of infraorbital nerve block on sevoflurane requirement in infants undergoing cheiloplasty. Intraoperative opioid consumption, hemodynamics, blood glucose levels, extubation time, and delirium were also compared. Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was conducted in 34 infants undergoing cheiloplasty under general anesthesia. After induction, group A received bilateral infraorbital nerve block with 0.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine and group B 0.5 mL saline. An increase in heart rate or blood pressure > 20% was managed by increasing sevoflurane by 2-2.5%, followed by fentanyl 0.5 ㎍/kg bolus. The chi-square test and independent-sample t-test were used where applicable. Results: Demographics, duration of surgery, and intravenous fluids used were comparable between the groups. Compared to group A, patients in group B had significantly higher consumption of fentanyl (14.2 ± 4.4 ㎍ vs. 22.1 ± 6.2 ㎍) and sevoflurane (14.2 ± 4.8 mL vs. 26.8 ± 15.6 mL). Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters were significantly lower in group A, the number of times increases in hemodynamic parameters occurred, and fentanyl supplemental bolus was required remained significantly lower in group A than in group B. Intraoperative glycemic levels remained higher in group B, and the extubation time was significantly shorter in group A than in group B (4.40 ± 1.60 min vs. 9.2 ± 2.18 min). Group A had a lesser occurrence of postoperative delirium. Conclusion: Supplemental infraorbital block in infants undergoing cheiloplasty under general anesthesia resulted in significantly decreased anesthetic requirements and optimal hemodynamic and glycemic levels with faster extubation and lesser delirium.

Invited Lecture

Rajan Nataraajan 한국마케팅과학회 2006 한국마케팅과학회 학술대회 발표 논문집 Vol.- No.-

체첸에서의 실패

( Rajan Menon ),( Graham E . Fuller ) 한국민족연구원 2000 민족연구 Vol.0 No.5

N/A

Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Activity, and Phytochemical Constituents of Ficus (Ficus amplissima Smith) Bark

Rajan Murugan,Karuppusamy Arunachalam,Thangaraj Parimelazhagan 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.1

In the present investigation, phenolics (36.6 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g extract), tannin (21.6 g GAE/100 g extract), and flavonoid content (67.5 g rutin equivalents/100 g extract) were found to be highest in acetone extract. Ficus (Ficus amplissima) acetone extract showed maximum antioxidant activity in phosphomolybdenum (958.8 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g extract), DPPH (1.6μg/mL), ferric reducing antioxidant power (2,993 mmol Fe (II)/g extract), and metal chelating (39.7 mg EDTA equivalents/g extract) assays. In anti-inflammatory study,400 mg/kg acetone extract showed maximum reduction in the paw volume compare to indomethacin. GC-MS analysis indicated that bark contain rich source of non-polar compounds like Lup-20(29)-en-3-yl acetate (33.04%). Hence, Ficus can be valuable source for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and seemed to be applicable in medicine.

Machine-Learning-Assisted Accurate Band Gap Predictions of Functionalized MXene

Rajan, Arunkumar Chitteth,Mishra, Avanish,Satsangi, Swanti,Vaish, Rishabh,Mizuseki, Hiroshi,Lee, Kwang-Ryeol,Singh, Abhishek K. American Chemical Society 2018 Chemistry of materials Vol.30 No.12

<P>MXenes are two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, and are invariably metallic in pristine form. While spontaneous passivation of their reactive bare surfaces lends unprecedented functionalities, consequently a many-folds increase in number of possible functionalized MXene makes their characterization difficult. Here, we study the electronic properties of this vast class of materials by accurately estimating the band gaps using statistical learning. Using easily available properties of the MXene, namely, boiling and melting points, atomic radii, phases, bond lengths, <I>etc.</I>, as input features, models were developed using kernel ridge (KRR), support vector (SVR), Gaussian process (GPR), and bootstrap aggregating regression algorithms. Among these, the GPR model predicts the band gap with lowest root-mean-squared error (rmse) of 0.14 eV, within seconds. Most importantly, these models do not involve the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) band gap as a feature. Our results demonstrate that machine-learning models can bypass the band gap underestimation problem of local and semilocal functionals used in density functional theory (DFT) calculations, without subsequent correction using the time-consuming GW approach.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>