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Soundararajan, P.,Manivannan, A.,Ko, C. H.,Jeong, B. R. Springer Science + Business Media 2018 Journal of plant growth regulation Vol.37 No.1
<P>Silicon (Si) is considered one of the most beneficial elements for plant growth and development. Its advantageous effects are visible during abiotic and biotic stresses. In this experiment, the effect of Si on redox homeostasis and protein expression was studied in Rosa hybrida 'Rock Fire.' Acclimatized plantlets were grown hydroponically under salt stress (50 mM NaCl) for 15 days with or without 0 or 1.8 mM of potassium silicate (K2SiO3). Exposure of R. hybrida 'Rock Fire' to salinity restricted root growth. The addition of Si with NaCl significantly improved fresh and dry weights of roots. The presence of Si in the nutrient solution induced the growth of root hairs during both normal and stress conditions. Under salt stress, higher lipid peroxidation and excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O-2 (-)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) affect the redox homeostasis potential of plants. However, addition of Si decreased the content of malondialdehyde, O-2 (-), and H2O2. Detoxification of ROS was highly correlated with the enhanced activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX). In addition, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis results illustrated the improved abundance of protein on roots to overcome the salinity stress due to the addition of Si. Out of 70 spots identified, 59 proteins [except hypothetical (6%)] were functionally classified into 8 groups such as redox homeostasis/defense (15%), transcription/translation (26%), lipid metabolism (14%), signaling (13%), energy and carbohydrate metabolism (10%), transportation/metal ion-binding (7%), terpene synthesis (3%), and cell-wall regulation (6%). The observed results suggest that the substantial improvement of redox homeostasis by Si could facilitate preventive mechanism(s) to overcome the metabolic disorder emanate under salt stress.</P>
R. Srinivasan,B. Suresh Babu,P. Prathap,Ruban Whenish,R. Soundararajan,G. Chandramohan 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.1
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a metal joining process has its own benefits over fusion welding processes. FSW AluminiumMetal Matrix Composites (AMMC) replaced conventional metals for structural applications in aerospace, automobile andmarine sectors. In this present investigation, process parameters of FSW for joining AA 6063-SiC-B4C hybrid MMCs wereoptimized in order to achieve maximum tensile strength. Initially, AMMC was manufactured through stir casting with thematrix AA 6063 and reinforcements SiC and B4C. The hybrid MMC work pieces were subjected to FSW process by varyingthe process parameters such as tool rotation speed, welding speed and axial force using Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. Tensilestrength of hybrid composite was examined and regression analysis were done using MINITAB V17 software. GeneticAlgorithm technique was used to optimize the tensile strength with FSW parametric combinations. The optimum parametersfor FSW of AA6063-SiC-B4C hybrid composites were Tool rotational speed (TRS) – 1050 rpm; Axial Force (AF) – 10 kN andWeld Speed (WS) – 45 mm/min obtained. The optimal parameters were applied to experimental study and the results werevalidated.
Vijayarathna, Soundararajan,Gothai, Sivapragasam,Jothy, Subramanion L,Chen, Yeng,Kanwar, Jagat R,Sasidharan, Sreenivasan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17
A failure of a cell to self destruct has long been associated with cancer progression and development. The fact that tumour cells may not instigate cell arrest or activate cell death mechanisms upon cancer drug delivery is a major concern. Autophagy is a mechanism whereby cell material can be engulfed and digested while apoptosis is a self-killing mechanism, both capable of hindering multiplication after cell injury. In particular situations, autophagy and apoptosis seem to co-exist simultaneously or interdependently with the aid of mutual proteins. This review covers roles of microRNAs and chemopreventive agents and makes an attempt at outlining possible partnerships in maximizing cancer cell death with minimal normal cell damage.
Manivannan, A.,Soundararajan, P.,Cho, Y. S.,Park, J. E.,Jeong, B. R. Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2018 Plant biosystems Vol.152 No.4
<P>The present endeavor has demonstrated the impacts of different sources of silicon (Si) such as potassium silicate (K2SiO3) and calcium silicate (CaSiO3) during the in vitro axillary shoot multiplication of carnation. For the Si treatments, nodal explants were cultured onto the Murashige and Skoog's medium fortified with 1.0mgL(-1) of 6-benzyladenine and 0.5mgL(-1) indole-3-acetic acid with or without K2SiO3 and CaSiO3 in three different concentrations (0, 1.8, or 3.6mM). After six weeks, the shoot induction ratio, number of shoots produced per explant, expression of photosystem (PS) I and II core proteins, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were examined. Among the Si sources, K2SiO3 application enhanced the axillary shoot multiplication and the uptake of Si on comparison with CaSiO3. Both forms of Si resulted in the enhancement of stomatal density, and PS-related protein such as PsaA and PsbA illustrating the apparent involvement of Si on the photosynthetic process. Nevertheless, addition of Si improved the antioxidant capacity during the in vitro shoot multiplication. Overall, the outcomes of the present study suggested that Si can be utilized as a supplementary source during the in vitro propagation of carnation.</P>
Regulating Mitochondrial Biogenesis: from Herbal Remedies to Phytomedicine for Cancer Prevention
Jothy, Subramanion L,Vijayarathna, Soundararajan,Chen, Yeng,Kanwar, Jagat R.,Sasidharan, Sreenivasan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17
L. Feroz Ali,N. Kuppuswamy,R. Soundararajan,K. R. Ramkumar,S. Sivasankaran 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12
The goal of the present research is to introduce the Tungsten (W) nanoparticles as reinforcement into Al 6063 alloy to produceAl–W nanocomposites by the FSP technique. The vol% of the reinforcement was varied from 3 to 12 with a step of 3,besides the unreinforced Al matrix was considered as 0 vol% for comparison. The role of W nanoparticles in the Al 6063matrix has been exhaustively investigated using advanced characterization techniques such as XRD analysis to observe thephases, FESEM to detect the distribution of reinforcements with their interparticle spacing and the average grain sizes, TEManalysis to study the strengthening factors, new phase formation at the interface between AA 6063 matrix and W particles,the morphology of the W nanoparticles. The achieved average matrix grains size was 42, 2, and 0.9 μm for 0, 6, and 12vol% W nanocomposites, respectively. The obtained results disclosed the uniform dispersion of W nanoparticles, withoutany agglomeration, and with the absence of intermetallic compounds. The hardness and wear resistance of the fabricatednanocomposites were increased incommensurate with the incorporation of heavy metallic W element as reinforcementparticle; which was due to the proper dispersion of W nanoparticles, refinement of matrix grains to ultrafine level, generationof dislocations, and clear interface between Al 6063 matrix and W nanoparticles. In a nutshell, AA 6063–12 vol% Wnanocomposite has achieved the higher hardness (120 HV), lower wear rate (0.13 mm3/m), and friction coefficient (0.33)than other nanocomposites.