어포던스와 기표에 기초한 다기능 가구의 조형에 관한 연구

왕긴 ( Wang¸ Qin ),김진성 ( Kim¸ Jin Sung ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.5

다기능 가구는 형태가 유연하고 공간을 절약할 수 있어 일상생활에서 비중이 꾸준히 늘고 있다. 하지만 미니멀리즘 디자인((minimalist design) 트렌드에 맞추기 위해 다기능 가구의 조형(modeling)에 담겨야 할 다양한 정보가 항상 무시되고 있다. 이 때문에 사용자들이 ‘심플한(simple)’ 조형에 직면할 경우 인식 마찰로 인해 사용상의 문제가 생길 수 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 사용자가 다기능 가구의 유용성(usefulness)과 편리함(usability)을 더 쉽게 감지할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 저자들은 다기능 가구의 조형에 대해 어포던스(affordance)와 기표(signifier)의 관점에서 연구를 진행했다. 이 연구는 문헌 검토와 사례 분석을 서로 결합하는 방법을 응용하였다. 저자들은 우선 관련 문헌을 통해 기표와 어포던스 관계를 정리했다. 그런 다음, 이들은 다기능 가구의 사례별로 조형의 세 가지 핵심 요소(모양·색·재료)가 기능 전환 과정에서 어포던스를 지정하는 정보를 전달하는 지표의 역할을 분석했다. 마지막으로, 그들은 다기능 가구의 조형이 해당 어포던스를 명확하게 전달하는 풍부한 정보로 기표를 형성할 수 있다는 것을 발견했는데, 이는 사용자가 가구와 자연스러운 상호작용을 형성하도록 안내하는 데 도움이 된다. 또한, 그들은 다기능 가구 조형을 위해 다음과 같은 설계 단계를 제시했다. 1 단계: 다기능 가구의 기능은 대상 이용자(target user)의 요구에 근거하여 명확히 해야 하며, 사용자가 다른 기능 간에 전환하기 위해 수행해야 하는 동작도 결정해야 한다. 이 단계는 유용성을 실현하는 관건이다. 2 단계: 다기능 가구의 조형은 모양과 색상, 소재의 조합을 통해 구성하고 기능성(functionality)과 동작 가능성(action possibilities), 그에 맞는 동작의 조작 위치 등을 충분히 전달해야 한다. 이 단계가 사용 편의성을 실현하는 관건이다. 그러나 이 두 단계는 향후 연구에서 아직 더 심화돼야 한다. As multifunctional furniture has flexible forms and could save space, its proportion in daily life is constantly increasing. However, in order to cater to the minimalist design trend, the rich information that the modeling of multifunctional furniture should contain is always ignored, which causes users to have a series of usage problems because of cognitive friction when facing “simple” styling. In order to allow the usefulness and usability of multifunctional furniture to be easily perceived by users, the authors conducted a relevant study on the modeling of multifunctional furniture from the perspective of signifier and affordance. The research method of this study is a combination of literature review and case analysis. The authors first sorted out the relationship between signifier and affordance in industrial design through related literature. Then, the authors combined different cases of multifunctional furniture, to analyze the role of the three core elements(shape, color and material) of the modeling as signifiers that carry information specifying affordances during the functional transformation. Finally, the authors found that the modeling of multifunctional furniture can form signifiers with rich information that clearly conveys the corresponding affordances, which is helpful to guide users to form natural interactions with multifunctional furniture. And the authors also put forward the following design steps for multifunctional furniture modeling. Step 1: the functions of multifunctional furniture should be clarified based on the needs of target users, and the actions that users need to perform to switch between different functions should also be determined. The first step is the key to realizing usefulness. Step 2: the modeling of multifunctional furniture should be constructed through different combinations of shapes, colors and materials, which should fully convey the information of the functionality, action possibilities and the operating positions of the corresponding actions. The second step is the key to realizing ease of use. However, these two steps still need to be further deepened in future studies.

Buckling analysis of elastically-restrained steel plates under eccentric compression

Ying Qin,Gan-Ping Shu,Er-Feng Du,Rui-Hua Lu 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.29 No.3

In this research, the explicit closed-form local buckling solution of steel plates in contact with concrete, with both loaded and unloaded edges elastically restrained against rotation and subjected to eccentric compression is presented. The Rayleigh-Rize approach is applied to establish the eigenvalue problem for the local buckling performance. Buckling shape which combines trigonometric and biquadratic functions is introduced according to that used by Qin <i>et al</i>. (2017) on steel plate buckling under uniform compression. Explicit solutions for predicting the local buckling stress of steel plate are obtained in terms of the rotational stiffness. Based on different boundary conditions, simply yet explicit local buckling solutions are discussed in details. The proposed formulas are validated against previous research and finite element results. The influences of the loading stress gradient parameter, the aspect ratio, and the rotational stiffness on the local buckling stress resultants of steel plates with different boundary conditions were evaluated. This work can be considered as an alternative to apply a different buckling shape function to study the buckling problem of steel plate under eccentric compression comparing to the work by Qin <i>et al</i>. (2018), and the results are found to be in consistent with those in Qin <i>et al</i>. (2018).

Construction of a Transposon-mediated Baculovirus Vector Hanpvid and a New Cell Line for Expressing Barnase

Qin, Qin,Liu, Ying-Le,Zhu, Ying,Li, Shun-Yi,Qi, Yi-Peng Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2005 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.38 No.1

In this study we developed the transposon-mediated shuttle vector 'Hanpvid', which composed of HaNPV (Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus) genomic DNA and a transposon cassette from Bacmid of Bac-to-Bac system. Hanpvid replicates in E. coli in the same way as Bacmid and retains infective function in cotton bollworm cells (Hz-AM1). Using Hanpvid we constructed a recombinant virus, which could infect Hz-AM1 cells and generate recombinant HaNPV (rHa-Bar) containing the barnase gene, a ribonuclease gene from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Since the expression vector carrying barnase gene cannot replicate in the absence of barstar, a specific inhibitor of barnase, we constructed a new cotton bollworm cell line (AM1-NB) using the marker rescue method. In AM1-NB barstar was integrated into the cellular chromosome to sustain the replication of rHa-Bar. To screen out recombinant HaNPV for potential use as biopesticide, Hz-AM1 and AM1-NB cell lines were infected with rHa-Bar, respectively. The results obtained indicate that Viral progenies in AM1-NB were 23 and 160 times greater than those in Hz-AM1 48 h and 72 h after infection, respectively. With additional insertion of the polyhedron gene from AcNPV (Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus) into the Hanpvid genome, rHa-Bar regained the polyhedron phenotype and its pest-killing rate greatly improved. Toxic analysis showed that the lethal dosages ($LD_{50}$) and the lethal time(s) ($LT_{50}$) of rHa-Bar were reduced by 20% and 30%, respectively, compared to wt-HaNPV in the third instar larvae of cotton bollworm. This study shows that in AM1-NB barnase can be effectively produced and used as pest-killing agent for the biological control of cotton pests.

A Survey on the Outsourcing Usage of Logistics Service Users in China

Qin-Qin Fu,Jung-Han Bae(배정한),Gwi-Ok Kim(김귀옥) 한국항만경제학회 2009 韓國港灣經濟學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

본 논문은 중국 상해를 중심으로 로지스틱 서비스를 이용하는 기업들의 로지스틱 아웃소싱 실태에 대한 설문조사를 통하여 중국의 물류아웃소싱 관행에 대한 조사연구이다. 중국 상해에 소재하는 158개 제조기업을 대상으로 설문조사를 했다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 전형적 물류를 아웃소싱 하는 제조기업들은 서비스 제공업자들과 장기적 관계를 유지하고 또한 다수의 물류서비스업자들로부터의 물류서비스 구매를 선호했다. 둘째, 대부분의 서비스 이용기업들은 물류서비스 제공기업들에 대하여 만족했고, 물류기업들에게 자사의 물류를 아웃소싱 할 때, 자사의 고객만족도, 물류 수준과 수익개선에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 물류서비스를 이용하는 제조기업들은 물류기업을 선택할 때 가격수준, 핵심적 경쟁력과 평판을 가장 중요한 요인으로 하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 중국에서 3PL 등의 물류전문서비스 사업이 초기단계이지만, 앞으로 발전 잠재력이 매우 큰 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 본 논문은 상해를 중심으로 중국에서 영업을 하고 중국 국내물류기업 또는 우리나라 투자기업을 포함한 외자물류기업들에게 물류서비스 이용기업들의 물류 아웃소싱 실태와 관행에 대한 정보를 제공함으로 물류서비스산업의 발전에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. This paper analyses the results of the survey questionnaires which are made for logistics services users in Shanghai, China. Based on 158 valid users' responses, the study results show that the typical outsourcing logistics users prefer to set up long term relationship with providers and buy services from multiple providers. Most users are satisfied with their providers and believe that outsourcing logistics services has led to positive impact on their customer satisfaction, logistics service levels and revenue improvement. Price levers, core competences, reputation are critical in the selection of an outsourcing logistics provider for users in this study. This study indicates that the market for 3PL services in China has a reasonable potential for further development, though 3PL practices are still at a nascent stage in China. This paper presents full details and implications of the results of the survey and then provides some helpful suggestion for the development of Chinese logistics industry and Chinese logistics companies.

Construction of a Transposon-mediated Baculovirus Vector Hanpvid and a New Cell Line for Expressing Barnase

( Qin Qin ),( Ying Le Liu ),( Ying Zhu ),( Shun Yi Li ),( Yi Peng Qi ) 생화학분자생물학회 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.1

In this study we developed the transposon-mediated shuttle vector `Hanpvid`, which composed of HaNPV (Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus) genomic DNA and a transposon cassette from Bacmid of Bac-to-Bac system. Hanpvid replicates in E. coli in the same way as Bacmid and retains infective function in cotton bollworm cells (Hz-AMU). Using Hanpvid we constructed a recombinant virus, which could infect Hz-AM1 cells and generate recombinant HaNPV (rHa-Bar) containing the barnase gene, a ribonuclease gene from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Since the expression vector carrying barnase gene cannot replicate in the absence of barstar, a specific inhibitor of barnase, we constructed a new cotton bollworm cell line (AMl-NB) using the marker rescue method. In AM1-NB barstar was integrated into the cellular chromosome to sustain the replication of rHa-Bar. To screen out recombinant HaNPV for potential use as biopesticide, Hz-AM! and AM1-NB cell lines were infected with rHa-Bar, respectively. The results obtained indicate that Viral progenies in AM1-NB were 23 and 160 times greater than those in Hz-AM1 48 h and 72 h after infection, respectively. With additional insertion of the polyhedron gene from AcNPV (Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus) into the Hanpvid genome, rHa-Bar regained the polyhedron phenotype and its pest-killing rate greatly improved. Toxic analysis showed that the lethal dosages (LD_(50)) and the lethal time(s) (LT_(50)) of rHa-Bar were reduced by 20% and 30%, respectively, compared to wt-HaNPV in the third instar larvae of cotton bollworm. This study shows that in AM1-NB barnase can be effectively produced and used as pest-killing agent for the biological control of cotton pests.

Flexural Behavior of Anchor Horizontal Boundary Element in Steel Plate Shear Wall

Ying Qin,JinYu Lu,Li-Cheng-Xi Huang,Shi Cao 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.3

Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) have been increasingly used in lateral load resisting system since the post-buckling strength of web plates was realized and considered in practical design. Diagonal tension field is formed in the web plate to resist the lateral force induced by winds and earthquakes. The force is anchored by the surrounded horizontal boundary elements (HBEs) and vertical boundary elements (VBEs) and eventually transferred to the ground. Therefore, the response of HBEs, especially anchor HBEs, is essential to ensure that SPSWs could exhibit the required strength, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity. This paper presents the results of theoretical studies into the flexural behavior of the anchor HBEs of SPSWs and can be regarded as an extension to the previous work by Qu and Bruneau (2011) and Qin et al. (2017). The boundary effect was considered to reflect the actual stress state at the HBE-to-VBE connection, which assembled the method by Qin et al. (2017). Furthermore, more proper distributions of the vertical component of tension field for the positive and negative flexure cases, respectively, were proposed comparing to the work by Qu and Bruneau (2011). The hand calculation approach for the plastic flexural capacity of the anchor HBEs was given by the summation of the contributions from the flanges and the web. The developed equations are compared with previous data and good agreement was found between them. Meanwhile, comprehensively discussions are conducted to evaluate the influence of key parameters on the flexural behavior of anchor HBE. It was found that the plastic flexural capacity of anchor HBE decreases from unity to the minimum as a result of the increase in shear force, axial force and vertical stresses. Moreover, the flexural response of anchor HBE is most vulnerable to the change in shear force. This indicates that boundary effect is significantly important and cannot be ignored in the analysis. The research in this paper provides basis for the capacity design of anchor HBE.

A Survey on the Logistics Service Providers in China

Fu, Qin Qin,배정한 한국무역상무학회 2008 貿易商務硏究 Vol.40 No.-

This paper analyses the results of a survey questionnaire which is made for logistics service providers in Shanghai, China. Based on 177 valid providers’responses, the study results show that the logistics industry of China consists mainly of small and medium-sized companies. Furthermore, most of the logistics companies are highly capable of providing traditional logistics services and lack of the capability to provide other value-added logistics services. Their self-assessments indicate that they generally perform well in different types of performance measures. This study indicates that the market for 3PL services in China has a reasonable potential for further development, though 3PL practices are still at a nascent stage in China. This paper presents full details and implications of the results of the survey and then tries to provide some helpful suggestion for the development of Chinese logistics companies.

The mediating role of atrial fibrillation in causal associations between risk factors and stroke: a Mendelian randomization study

Shanmei Qin(Shanmei Qin),Mengmeng Wang(Mengmeng Wang),Dipender Gill(Dipender Gill ),Zhizhong Zhang(Zhizhong Zhang),Xinfeng Liu(Xinfeng Liu) 한국역학회 2024 Epidemiology and Health Vol.46 No.-

A Study on Rural Finance, Rural Industry Revitalization, and Rural Logistics Development: An Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data from 30 Provinces in China

Zhuoping Qin(Zhuoping Qin),Xu Jin(Xu Jin) The International Academy of Global Business and T 2022 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.18 No.5

Purpose - This is a study on the influence mechanism of rural finance and rural industrial revitalization on rural logistics development from rural revitalization strategy. Design/Methodology/Approach - We use panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2011 to 2020. A two-way fixed-effects model is constructed and mediated effects analysis and multiple regression analysis are used to analyze the dynamic relationship between rural finance, rural industrial revitalization, and rural logistics development. The dynamic relationship was empirically analyzed using mediated effects analysis and multiple regression analysis. Findings - Rural finance has a significant positive impact on rural logistics, and rural finance effectively promotes rural logistics development; rural finance affects rural logistics development by influencing the revitalization of rural industries, indicating that the revitalization of rural industries plays a mediating effect. The impact of rural finance on rural logistics is heterogeneous in the east, central, and west. Rural industry revitalization does not play a mediating role in the central era, comparing with an obvious mediating role in the east and west. Research Implications - The revitalization of rural industries as a transmission mechanism for rural finance to promote the development of rural logistics, and we verify the rationality of this transmission mechanism through a model to fill the gaps in the existing literature, thus providing a new research perspective for rural finance to promote the development of rural logistics, and providing some theoretical guidance and policy reference.

T-SPOT.TB for Detection of Tuberculosis Infection among Hematological Malignancy Patients and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Qin, Li-Li,Wang, Qin-Rong,Wang, Qian,Yao, Hong,Wen, Li-Jun,Wu, Li-Li,Ping, Na-Na,Xie, Jun-Dan,Chen, Mei-Yu,Chen, Su-Ning Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

The diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is recommended in hematological malignancy patients and before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Guidelines for the prevention and management of infectious complications of solid organ transplantation, 2004). Compared to traditional methods such as tuberculin skin test (TST), T-SPOT.TB has been shown to be more specific. In the present study we enrolled 536 patients for whom T-SPOT.TB was performed, among which 295 patients also received the TST test. The agreement (79%) between T-SPOT.TB and TST was poor (x=0.274, P<0.001). The patients with positive T-SPOT.TB results numbered 62 (11.6%), in which only 20 (48.8%) of the 41 receiving the TST test had positive results. A majority of the patients with T-SPOT.TB positive results had some other evidence ofTB, such as TB history, clinical symptoms and an abnormal chest CT scan. Active TB was found in 9 patients, in which 2 had negative TST results. We followed up the patients and no one developed active TB. Our study suggested that the T-SPOT.TB may be more useful for screening LTBI and active TB in hematological malignancy patients and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients than the TST test.