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Phillip McIntyre 대한사고개발학회 2012 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.22 No.1
Sternberg and Kaufman have written that ‘constraints do not necessarily harm creative potential – indeed they are built into the construct of creativity itself’ (2010, p. 481). This paper will take this assertion and apply it to what Anthony Giddens (1976) has labelled one of the central problems in social theory, that is, the relationship between agency, an individual’s ability to make choice, and structure, those things seen to determine behaviour. This relationship has been explored extensively by sociologist Pierre Bourdieu (1977, 1990, 1993 and 1996) in regard to cultural production. It is implicitly carried in the systems model of creativity developed within psychology (Csikszentmihalyi 1988, 1990, 1997, 1999), as the author has argued in other papers (McIntyre 2008, 2008a, 2009, 2009a). This paper will explore this issue in relation to the notion of freedom, as depicted by the philosopher David Hume (1952), how this notion relates to the conditions of creativity as conventionally seen in Romantic accounts and how this construct is typified in other more rationally focused views of creativity. In doing this the paper will analyse, critique, and synthesize existing literature on creativity and cultural production, specifically that concerned with the theoretical ideas surrounding creativity, agency and structure.
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Phillip Y. Lipscy 동아시아연구원 2012 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.12 No.3
The Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) came to power in 2009 promising significant transportation sector reform, but it has struggled to implement its proposals. I argue that the DPJ's initiatives faltered due to the legacy of “efficiency clientelism.” Historically, Japanese transportation policy combined two imperatives: (1) encourage efficiency by raising the cost of energy-inefficient transportation, and (2) redistribute benefits to supporters of the incumbent Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Because of the legacy of efficiency clientelism, DPJ campaign pledges—designed to appeal broadly to the general public by reducing transportation costs— ran up against the prospect of sharp declines in revenues and energy efficiency. Efficiency clientelism was well suited to political realities in Japan prior to the 1990s, but recent developments have undercut its viability. This raises profound questions about the sustainability of Japan's energy efficiency achievements.
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Japan Under the DPJ: The Paradox of Political Change Without Policy Change
Phillip Y. Lipscy,Ethan Scheiner 동아시아연구원 2012 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.12 No.3
In 2009, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) brought an end to the long reign of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). However, despite high expectations, this politically transformative event has not unleashed significant policy change in Japan. We highlight five electoral factors that have acted as important constraints on policy change under DPJ rule. First, majoritarian electoral rules have led to a convergence in the policy positions of the two major political parties. Second, as the parties’ policy positions have become more similar, voters have increasingly cast ballots based on “valence” (i.e., nonpolicy) evaluations. Third, large national vote swings have limited the tenure of young, inexperienced candidates who might otherwise serve as the instigators of reform. Fourth, Japan’s electoral rules permit inconsistency across policy positions within parties and discourage greater policy coherence. Fifth, the continuing influence of rural regions has limited the scope of policy reform under the DPJ.
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Field Programmable Gate Array Reliability Analysis Using the Dynamic Flowgraph Methodology
Phillip McNelles,Lixuan Lu 한국원자력학회 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.5
Field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based systems are thought to be a practical option to replace certain obsolete instrumentation and control systems in nuclear power plants. An FPGA is a type of integrated circuit, which is programmed after being manufactured. FPGAs have some advantages over other electronic technologies, such as analog circuits, microprocessors, and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), for nuclear instrumentation and control, and safety system applications. However, safety-related issues for FPGAbased systems remain to be verified. Owing to this, modeling FPGA-based systems for safety assessment has now become an important point of research. One potential methodology is the dynamic flowgraph methodology (DFM). It has been used for modeling software/hardware interactions in modern control systems. In this paper, FPGA logic was analyzed using DFM. Four aspects of FPGAs are investigated: the “IEEE 1164 standard,” registers (D flip-flops), configurable logic blocks, and an FPGA-based signal compensator. The ModelSim simulations confirmed that DFM was able to accurately model those four FPGA properties, proving that DFM has the potential to be used in the modeling of FPGAbased systems. Furthermore, advantages of DFM over traditional reliability analysis methods and FPGA simulators are presented, along with a discussion of potential issues with using DFM for FPGA-based system modeling.
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A Comparison Study of Guests' Hotel Selection Attributes Based on Hotel Characteristics
Phillips Joe(필립스조),Sung Hyup Hyun(현성협) 한양대학교 관광연구소 2011 觀光硏究論叢 Vol.23 No.1
기존의 호텔경영학 연구들은 이론적/경험적 접근법으로 고객들이 호텔을 선택하는 속성들을 도출해냈으며, 13개의 호텔선택 속성들이 널리 쓰이고 있다. 하지만 호텔산업은 고유한 특성을 가진 여러 가지 호텔들로 분류될 수 있고, 그 대표적인 분류중의 하나가 (1) 비즈니스 호텔, (2) 공항호텔, (3) 저가 호텔이다. 이들 호텔들은 각기 고유한 특성을 가지고 있고, 따라서 고객들의 호텔선택 속성에는 차이가 존재한다. 또한, 고객들의 성별, 나이, 그리고 소득에 따라서 호텔선택 속성은 달라진다. 기존의 연구들은 이러한 호텔의 특성 및 고객의 인구 통계학적 특성을 무시한채 13개의 호텔선택 속성을 다루어왔고, 이것이 선행연구의 한계점으로 지적되어 왔다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은: (1) 고객의 호텔선택 속성을 세가지 다른 호텔들을 비교하여 고찰하고, (2) 성별, 나이, 그리고 소득수준을 고려하였을 때, 고객의 호텔선택 속성에 차이가 있는지 검증하며, (3) 실제로 호텔들이 이러한 선택속성들을 얼마나 잘 충족시켜 고객들의 만족도를 이끌어내고 있는지, 그리고 마지막으로 (4), 고객 만족도가 실제 재방문에 유의한 영향을 미치는지를 IPA 분석기법을 중심으로 분석하려 한다. 본 연구를 위해 미국의 비즈니스 호텔, 공항호텔, 그리고 저가 호텔을 실제 방문한 투숙객으로부터 설문지가 배포되어 데이터가 수거되었다. 데이터 분석결과에 근거하여 효과적인 호텔경영을 위한 실무적 시사점들이 논의되었다. Previous hotel management research derived attributes for guests` hotel selection based on theoretical and empirical research. However, prior research has largely failed to recognize three discrete categories of hotels: the business hotel, airport hotel, and economy hotel. Each has distinct operational characteristics. Also understudied is the variance in hotel selection caused by gender and age. Due to these weaknesses in current hotel research, hotel owners and managers cannot apply findings to day-to-day management. Consequently, this project`s objectives were to: (1) examine guests` hotel selection attributes based on three distinct hotel segments (the business hotel, airport hotel, and economy hotel); (2) examine differences in selection attributes across gender and age, (3) examine how well the hotels satisfy consumer expectations across these attributes, and lastly (4) how the guests` satisfaction level actually related to revisit intentions. We applied IPA analysis after collecting data from guests staying at each of the three hotel types. The research reveals key implications for hotel management.
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