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The Nature of Scientific Methods and its Implication for Inquiry Activities in Science Classrooms
Oh, Phil-Seok 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2004 East west education Vol.21 No.-
In this article, the nature of scientific methods was examined in terms of four methodological aspects of science, including getting data, discovering a law, inventing a theory, and predicting and testing. The investigation revealed that although the inductive and deductive logics played some roles in the course of scientific inquiry, the abductive method was employed in the process of discovering a law and inventing a theory. Based on this, it was suggested as an implication for science education that the abductive method should be used as a model for organizing student inquiry activities in science classrooms.
논문(論文) : 독일 3월 혁명 시기의 "슐레스비히-홀스타인(Schleswig-Holstein) 문제" 인식: 가톨릭 보수 언론을 중심으로
김필영 ( Phil Young Kim ) 대구사학회 2011 대구사학 Vol.103 No.-
Interpretation of the Schleswig-Holstein Conflict in the German Revolution of 1848 -Focusing on the Catholic Conservative Press Kim, Phil-young [Abstract] The Schleswig-Holstein, under Danish rule, became one controversial issue of the five border conflicts in which the Frankfort Parliament was involved, when it intended to build a new german national state in 1848. When Danish nationalists declared to incorporate Schleswig into the Denmark, German nationalists in Schleswig-Holstein protested against it. A war broke out between two groups in 1848 and until 1850. This war was supported by German nationalists in Germany and in Frankfort Parliament and it was declared as an important agenda to the German nation by the latter. This study intends to research how the Catholic conservative press in Germany interpreted this war, in the sense of the German nationalism or a revolt against a legitimate Prince. It is meaningful to know this, because the Catholic conservatives, loyal to the Pope in Rome, were suspicious of their German nationalistic consciousness. Research results indicate that the German Catholic conservative press interpreted the Danish-German war on the one hand as a revolt against a legitimate Prince, but on the other hand as a German national movement. Much of the press shared the warlike enthusiasm for the German nationalism in 1849. It can be said that the Catholic conservative press partially was involved with the German nationalism in some way.
홍필선,박영구 大田産業大學校 1993 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.10 No.1
ABSTRACTThe chlorine has been used as one of the drinking water supply system, it be used universally the most economic chemical treatment and effect chemical threatment.But, in chlorine treatment, the residual chlorine in drinking water reacts with organic materials (humic substances), and to produce THMs(trihalomethanes) which is known as carcinogenic substance.In the experiment, sample of drinking water was mixed that chlorine used in the original disinfectants were summaried as be more effect then the above single treatment (chlorine) dissolved oxygen, KMnO4 consume degree, and ferric, phenol, general bacteria, trihalomethanes. The chlorine has been used as one of the drinking water supply system, it be used universally the most economic chemical treatment and effect chemical threatment. But, in chlorine treatment, the residual chlorine in drinking water reacts with organic materials (humic substances), and to produce THMs(trihalomethanes) which is known as carcinogenic substance. In the experiment, sample of drinking water was mixed that chlorine used in the original disinfectants were summaried as be more effect then the above single treatment(chlorine) dissolved oxygen, KMnO_4 consume degree, and ferric, phenol, general bacteria, trihalomethanes.
용해성 poly(dimethy-co-diphenylsilane)공중합체의 특성과 열분해에 관한 연구
강필현,양현수,황택성,김봉만,권오현 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.2
Soluble poly(dimethyl-co-diphenylsilane)copolymer,[(SiMe₂)x(SiPh₂)1-x]n where x=0.5 to 0.9., was synthesized by condensation polymerization of dimethyldichlorosilane and diphenyldichlorosilane in xylene. In the TG analysis of the copolymer, weight loss started at 170℃ and the weight residue at 1000℃ was 32%. The copolymer was stabilized by thermal oxidation at 80 to 110℃ for 5 hr. in air, and its thermal stability increased as the temperature increased. The copolymer heat treated above 700℃ showed no organic bonds of C-H and Si-CH₃. while Si-C, and Si-O large bonds were observed. Amorphous SiC was obtained by pyrolysis at 1000℃ and β-SiC at 1200 to 1400℃, in which a better crystallinity of β-SiC was observed at a higher temperature.
導入羅王材와 國産材를 混用한 合板의 材質改善에 關한 硏究
李弼宇 서울大學校 農科大學 1977 서울대농학연구지 Vol.2 No.1
This study was planned to substitute the impoerted logs by American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), Italian poplar (Populus eurmericana), Korean White Oak (Quercus acutissima) and Korean Red Pine (Pinus densiflora) growing as major economical timber species in our country to relieve dem and for domestic plywood industry, which depends upon entirely foreign timber resources at present. Until present, our country has imported and utilized expensive lauan (Shorea, Parashorea and Pentacme of Dipterocarpaceae) logs producted in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines of southern pacific region to supply the demand for domestic plywood industry. However because of the unfavourable conditions of rising cost and buying competition in log producing countries, at a first step of research to exploit the domestic timber products into veneer logs, this study was carried out to develope the plywood manufacturing process composing of imported lauan logs and cheap domestic timber products. Accordingly the study has important meanings for the promotion of plywood manufacture using domestic log products and the decrease of imported log quantities even a little, and also it has advantage for the cost down in plywood manufacture, and saves dollars. At this study the advantageous properties of upgrading plywood qualities were compared and discussed between plywood composed of sole lauan veneers, and plywood constructed by imported lauan and domestic timber species. Important items dealt with in this study were dry and wet shear strength, specific gravities, moisture contents, and bending strength. They were experimented as accordance with A.S.T.M. Standards as general, and analyzed statistically. By the analysis and discussions of the results, this study may be conclyded as follows: 1) In dry shear strength of plywoods composed of two species, most excellent results were shown by Lauan-Oak construction plywoods and strength values were decresed in following orders; Lauan-Sycamore, Lauan-Popar. The worst results were given by Lauan-Pine constructions. In plywoods composed of three species, high strength values were obtained from the plywoods constructed by Lauan, Oak and Sycamore, but comparatively low strength values were obtained from plywoods constructed with pine veneers. 2) In wet shear strength of plywood composed of two species, most excellent results were obtained from Lauan-Sycamore construction plywoods, and Lauan-Poplar constructions next order. Worse strength values were obtained from the plywoods constructed by Lauan-Oak with Lauan-Pine. In plywoods composed of three species, comparatively high strength values were obtained from the plywoods properly constructed by Lauan, Poplar and Sycamore, of Lauan, Oak and Sycamore. The decreasing tendency of wet shear strength as dry shear strength was obtained from plywoods constructed with pine veneers. 3) In dry shear strength of the plywoods constructed by thin 0.7∼0.9mm veneers, the recognizable, more excellent constructions of two species than all lauan veneer construction were Oak-Oak-Lauan(Q-Q-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Lauan (L-S-L), Lauan-Oak-Lauan(L-Q-L), Oak-Lauan-Oak(Q-L-Q), and Sycamore-Sycamore-Lauan(S-S-L) types, and in thick 1.3∼1.5mm veneer construction, they were Oak-Oak-Lauan(Q-Q-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Lauan(L-S-L), Lauan-Oak-Lauan (L-Q-L), Lauan-Poplar-Lauan(L-P-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Sycamore(L-S-S), and Lauan-Lauan-Oak(L-L-Q) types. In plywoods constructed by thin veneers of three species, the recognizable, more excellent con-structions were Oak-Poplar-Lauan(Q-P-L), Oak-Sycamore-Lauan (Q-S-L), Sycamore-Poplar-Lauan(S-P-L), Oak-Pine-Lauan (Q-P-L), and Sycamore-Oak-Lauan (S-Q-L) types, and in thick veneer constructions, they were Oak-Poplar-Lauan (Q-P-L), Oak-Sycamore-Lauan (Q-S-L), Sycamore-poplar-Lauan (S-P-L), Oak-Pine-Lauan(Q-N-L), and Sycamore-Oak-Lauan(S-Q-L) types. 4) In wet sheat strength of the plywoods constructed by thin 0.7∼0.9mm veneers, the recognizedable, more excellent constructions of two species than all lauan veneer construction were Sycamore-Sycamore-Lauan(S-S-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Lauan (L-S-L), Lauan-Poplar-Lauan(L-P-L), and Poplar-Poplar-Lauan(P-P-L), types, and in thick 1.3∼1.5mm veneer constru-ction, they were Sycamore-Sycamore-Lauan(S-S-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Lauan(L-S-L), Sycamore-Lauan-Sycamore(S-L-S), Lauan-Poplar-Lauan(L-P-L), and Lauan-Poplar-Poplar(L-P-P), types. In plywoods constructed by thin veneers of three species, the recognizable, more excellent constructions than all lauan veneer construction were Sycamore-poplar-Lauan (S-P-L), Poplar-Oak-Lauan (P-Q-L), Sycamore-Oak-Lauan(S-Q-L), Oak-Sycamore-Lauan (Q-S-L), and Poplar-Sycamore-Lauan(P-S-L), types. and in thick 1.3∼1.5mm veneer constru-ction, they were Oak-Sycamore-Lauan (Q-S-L), Lauan-Sycamore-Poplar (L-S-P), Sycamore-Oak-Lauan(S-Q-L), Sycamore-poplar-Lauan (S-P-L), Poplar-Oak-Lauan (P-Q-L) types. 5) In shear strength according to the thickness of veneers, the plywoods constructed by thick veneers showed higher values than plywoods constructed by thin veneers. Wet shear strength compared with dry shear strength considerably lowered under the same plywood construction. 6) Wood failures of all plywoods at dry test which composed of different species showed higher values than all lauan veneer plywood. In the wet test, they did not showed a definite tendency, and the avlue considerable lowered in comparison with the results at dry test. 7) In Wood failures according to the thickness of veneers, the plywoods constructed by thin veneers showed higher values than plywoods constructed by thick veneers. 8) In the phenol resined plywoods composed of different species, proper manufacturing condit-joins were considered as 150∼165℃ in plate temperature, 150∼210 1bs/in.²in press pressure, and 180∼240 seconds in pressing time in manufacture of plywood constructed by three sheets veneers of thickness 1.0∼1.2mm, and in the urea resined plywoods considered as 100-120℃ in plate tempertature, 150∼180 1bs/in.²in press pressure, and 90∼120 seconds in pressing time. 9) In the specific gravities of plywoods composed of two species, most excellent high values were obtained from the plywoods constructed by Lauan and Oak, and worst results from Lauan and Poplar construction. Also in the plywood composed of three species, the constructions comp-osed of above these species were remarkably affected by specific gravities of species. Especially all the plywoods composed of Sycamore and Oak showed higher values than all lauan veneer plywoods. 10) In the moisture contents of plywood, wide variation and significant differences were shown among the plywood construction types composed of different species, but its mositure contents differed from those of plywood constructed by single veneer species. 11) In the bending strength of plywood, all the plywoods compsed of different species showed higher values than all lauan veneer plywoods, and the strength decrease was shown prominently according to the increase of lauan veneer sheets which were constructed with veneers from domestic timber species.
불포화 폴리에스테르 수지의 물성이 폴리머 콘크리트의 강도에 미치는 영향
이필호,박재근,황보 영,이정우 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-
본 연구에서는 폴리머 콘크리트의 결합재인 불포화 폴리에스테르 수지(UPR)의 물리적 성질을 조사하였다. 그 결과는 비중 1.1 g/mL, 점도 3.0 poise, styrene의 함량은 40% 내외이고 산값은 약 20이었다. 본 실험에서 제조된 폴리머 콘크리트의 압축강도는 평균 1,056 Kg/cm², 휨강도는 216 Kg/cm², 인장강도는 110 Kg/cm²이었는데, 이는 시멘트 콘크리트에 비해 비교적 좋은 역학적 성질을 나타낸 것이다. 변동계수는 압축강도의 경우 약 3%, 휨강도의 경우 5%, 인장강도의 경우 6% 내외로서 매우 양호하다. 강도비를 산출하여 본 바 압축강도와 휨강도의 비가 4.9, 압축강도와 인장강도의 비가 9.7, 휨강도와 인장강도가 1.97로서 나타났는데 이는 폴리머 콘크리트의 압축강도는 1000 Kg/cm²를 상회함을 감안할 때 휨 및 인장강도가 상대적으로 큼을 보여주는 결과이다. In this study, effect on the strength of polymer concrete of unsaturated polyester Resin's(UPR) property was investigated. The physical property of UPR was as follows; density 1.1 g/mL, viscosity 3.0 poise, the content of styrene 40%, and acid value 20. The mechanical property of Polymer Concrete was relatively good; compressive strength 1,056 Kg/cm², flexural strength 216 Kg/cm², splitting tensile strength 110 Kg/cm², The coefficient of fluctuation was 3% of compressive strength, 5% of flexural strength, and 6% of splitting tensile strength. The ratios of respective strength were 4.9(compressive strength to splitting tensile strength), and 1.97(flexural strength to splitting strength). Therefore, flexural strength and splitting tensile strength of polymer concrete was relatively big under consideration of compressive strength(1,000 Kg/cm²).
동측 대퇴골 경부 및 간부 골절의 치료 : 15례 분석
정필현,강석,채동주,홍정룡,김종필 동국대학교 경주대학 1997 東國論集 Vol.16 No.1
동측 대퇴골 경부 및 간부골절은 드문 골절로서 초진시 경부골절을 간과하는 경우도 있고 치료에 있어서도 여러 가지 방법이 제시되어져 왔다. 저자들은 1989년 6월부터 1996년 5월까지 경험한 동측 대퇴골 경부 및 간부골절 환자 15례를 대상으로 다양한 방법으로 치험한 예를 분석하였다. 15례중 8례에서 경부골절과 간부골절을 동시에 고정하는 재건금속정으로 치료하였고 전례에서 골유합을 얻었으며 평균 골유합기간은 경부골절 14주, 간부골절 20.5주였다. Ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures present diagnostic difficulties and complex choices as to treatment. We report the result of treating 15 such fractures. High-energy accidents accounted for most of these injuries. There were numerous associated injuries, many requiring operative procedures. Eight of Fifteen patients were treated with Reconstruction interlocking nails. All fractures united. There was no delay in diagnosis of femoral neck fractures, and all healed without avascular necrosis. The use of the reconstruction nail is technically demanding. We conclude that this device gives good results for these fractures.
19세 환자의 골성 변화를 동반한 선천성 사경의 치료 : 증례보고
정필현,배성한,문상호 東國大學校 1998 東國論叢 Vol.37 No.-
Congenital muscular torticollis has been recognized for centuries and has been the subject of many reports. Controversy remains regarding the indications for conservative or operative treatment, the regarding the indications for conservative or operative treatment, the surgical procedure of choice and the ultimate results. The optimal time for surgery is between 1 and 4 years and most children treated before the age of 1 year respond well to conservative treatment. However, there has been very limited experience in terms of what kind of results one can expect in the management of the older child. The authors reviewed a case of neglected 19-year-old congenital muscular torticollis who has fibrotic band, bony deformity on clavicle, facial asymmetry and cervical scoliosis due to contracture of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Although articles showed that the best results can be expected in children<4 years of age, we believe that surgery should be offered to those of older age as well. Although facial asymmetry is unlikely to improve, these patients benefit from tilt and have increased range of neck movement by surgery, physiotherapy, short-term Halter traction and cervical collar.