단군신화의 원시형에 내재(內在)된 우리나라 고대 원시인들의 커뮤니케이션사상

박허식 청주대학교사회과학연구소 2010 한국사회과학연구 Vol.32 No.1

알 수는 없으나 분명 존재한다고 믿어지는 사실적 ‘최초’에 대한 실재(實在)는 모두가 신화의 영역에 속한다. 바로, 여기서 유한자(有限者)인 인간은 무한자적(無限者的) 유한자가 된다. 무한자적 유한자로 전위(轉位)되는 신화의 공간을, 만물의 영혼이 거주하는 곳으로 삼았던 우리나라 고대 원시인들의 경우 그들이 지녔던 커뮤니케이션사상은 어떤 모습이었는가? 『삼국유사』를 통해 오늘날까지 전해오는 단군신화는 우리나라 고조선의 건국시조(始祖)에 관한 신화이다. 이 신화가 지니고 있는 문제는 단군신화의 원시형이 후대로 내려오면서 변색되었고, 구전(口傳)이 문자로 기록되면서 기록 당시의 시대적 요청과 기록자의 개인적 사상이 첨가되어 그 구체적 실상이 표층적으로 변질된 것이라는데 있다. 이에 착안, 현존 단군신화를 구성하는 주요 어휘의 조어와 이야기의 심층구조를 중심으로 원시형을 재구(再構)하여 볼 때, 이는 수렵시대에 형성된 신화가 아니라 모권적 원시 농경시대에 형성된 것임을 알 수 있다. 식물을 신화의 주 소재로 하고, 자생적 출산력을 지닌 대지를 인간형으로 하여 여성으로, 그리고 ‘신’의 개념이 아니라 자연의 개념과 마주했던 고대 원시의 야성적 사유는 ‘조선’과 ‘사람’이 어우러져 만들어 낸 <사람 중심의 집합성>, ‘쑥’과 ‘마늘’이 어우러져 만들어 낸 <모권적 원시 농경의 생명중심 집합성>, ‘쑥 ․ 마늘’과 ‘사람’이 어우러져 만들어 낸 <뜻(意)과 존재양식이 결합된 일원적(一元的) 애니미즘(animism) 커뮤니케이션중심의 집합성>을 중심으로 원시적 단군신화를 만들어 내고 있다. 이 집합성은 원시적 단군신화에서 ‘이야기의 전제(前提)’인 원시 농경인들의 우주, 즉 ‘생명’에 대한 적분적 사유과정을 거쳐 ‘생명의 에너지는 소통에서 생성되며, 소통은 자연의 모성성(母性性)이다’라는 커뮤니케이션사상을 갖게 하였다. The real existence in the factual 'origin' that we don't know, but plainly believe in belongs to a category of a myth. In this respect, the human being as a person who is finite becomes a finite person like an infinite one. For ancient primitive men who thought the mythic space transposed into a finite person like an infinite one as a place where the souls of all things dwelled, what communication thought did they have? The Dangun Myth which have been handed down from Samguk Yusa(The Reminiscences of Three Kingdoms by monk Yil-Yeon) is the myth which is related to the founder of the Kochosun in Korean history. The issue that is raised about this myth is that the primitive type of Dangun Myth has been transmited in the course of its handing down to posterity. In other words, while the oral transmission of the myth. By considering this respect, I reconstructed the primitive type in the basis of the protolanguage of main vocabularies and the in -depth structure of the story that formed the existing Dangun Myth. As a result, I came to know that the Myth was formed in a maternal right-centered agricultural era, not in a hunting era. The main materials of this Myth were plants, and the earth having an autogenous power of delivery became a woman. And the wild thoughts by primitive men who were confronted with a concept of nature, not God, are as follows; <the human bing-centered collectivity> that was formed by the combination of 'Chosun' with 'human being', <the life-centered collectivity of maternal and primitive agriculture> that was formed by the combination of 'mugwort', 'garlic', <the unitary animism-communication-centered collectivity> that meaning and existence were combinated> that was formed by the combination of 'mugwort ․ garlic' and 'human being.' Dangun Myth was made on the basis of the above-mentioned collectivities. These collectivities in the primitive farmers' cosmos, that is, life, and came to have the communication thought that is 'an energy of life is generated from communication, and the communication is the maternity of nature.'

Barriers to participation in a worksite wellness program

Person, Ashley Lynne,Colby, Sarah Elizabeth,Bulova, Jessica Ann,Eubanks, Janie Whitehurst The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.5 No.6

The purpose of this research was to determine barriers that prevent participation in an employee wellness program, Wellness Wednesdays: "Eat & Meet" About Healthy Living, conducted at East Carolina University (ECU) in Greenville, North Carolina. All ECU ARAMARK employees (n = 481) over the age of 18 were eligible to participate in the wellness program. Weekly 30 minute classes, taught by a Registered Dietitian, on various nutrition- and health-related topics were conducted for 10-weeks. Five question knowledge quizzes were administered to participants at the end of each class to determine the comprehension of material presented. Qualitative interviews (n = 19) were conducted with employees (participants and non-participants) and the program organizer after the completion of the 10-week program to identify barriers to program participation. A total of 50 (10.4% of the total number of potential participants) ECU ARAMARK employees, managers, and leadership team directors attended Wellness Wednesdays at least once during the 10-week program. Employees, on average, scored 71-100% on the weekly knowledge quizzes administered at the end of each class. The most common barriers to participation reported included (most often to least often reported): insufficient incentives, inconvenient locations, time limitations, not interested in topics presented, undefined reasons, schedule, marketing, health beliefs, and not interested in the program. Results showed that employee wellness programs can be effective in increasing knowledge of employees on nutrition- and health-related topics. However, program planning that addresses identified barriers including insufficient incentives, inconvenient locations, and time limitations may facilitate higher participation in future worksite wellness opportunities.

Balance of threat: The domestic insecurity of Vladimir Putin

Robert Person 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2017 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.8 No.1

During the 17 years that Vladimir Putin has ruled Russia, the country has become increasingly authoritarian. However, I argue that this rollback of democracy has not been motivated by Putin's blind desire to maximize his political power, as many have assumed. Rather, his anti-democratic policies have responded to perceived specific threats to his control. In applying theories originally developed in the field of international relations to individual leaders, we can understand Putin as a “defensive realist” who balances against threats in order to maintain security rather than maximize power. This is an essential distinction that produces important conclusions about what motives lie behind the increasingly authoritarian character of the Russian state and gives insights into the possible future trajectory of the regime.

Barriers to participation in a worksite wellness program

Ashley Lynne Person,Sarah Elizabeth Colby,Jessica Ann Bulova,Janie Whitehurst Eubanks 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this research was to determine barriers that prevent participation in an employee wellness program, Wellness Wednesdays: “Eat & Meet” About Healthy Living, conducted at East Carolina University (ECU) in Greenville, North Carolina. All ECU ARAMARK employees (n = 481) over the age of 18 were eligible to participate in the wellness program. Weekly 30 minute classes, taught by a Registered Dietitian, on various nutrition- and health-related topics were conducted for 10-weeks. Five question knowledge quizzes were administered to participants at the end of each class to determine the comprehension of material presented. Qualitative interviews (n = 19) were conducted with employees (participants and non-participants) and the program organizer after the completion of the 10-week program to identify barriers to program participation. A total of 50 (10.4% of the total number of potential participants) ECU ARAMARK employees, managers, and leadership team directors attended Wellness Wednesdays at least once during the 10-week program. Employees, on average, scored 71-100% on the weekly knowledge quizzes administered at the end of each class. The most common barriers to participation reported included (most often to least often reported): insufficient incentives, inconvenient locations, time limitations, not interested in topics presented, undefined reasons, schedule, marketing, health beliefs, and not interested in the program. Results showed that employee wellness programs can be effective in increasing knowledge of employees on nutrition- and health-related topics. However, program planning that addresses identified barriers including insufficient incentives, inconvenient locations, and time limitations may facilitate higher participation in future worksite wellness opportunities.

조이스 & 예로엔의 집

퍼스널 아키텍쳐(Personal Architecture) 현대건축사 2014 (월간)Maru Vol.- No.153

The Bible and Environmental Ethics: An Introduction to the Earth Bible Project

( Raymond F Person Jr ) 한국윤리학회 2014 倫理硏究 Vol.98 No.1

Contemporary ecological crises require a reevaluation of how humans understand themselves in relationship to the rest of the natural world, including a reassessment of the role religion has played in the history of ecological degradation. This article introduces the Earth Bible Project, the work of an international team of biblical scholars in conversation with scholars from other disciplines, especially ecologists, that engages in such a reevaluation of the Christian Bible. This reevaluation has led to the conclusion that the Christian Bible contains both historic roots that have contributed to the ecological crisis as well as ecological wisdom that should be retrieved so that humans may reimagine their relationship to the environment in ways that contribute to environmental ethics.

Improving High-resolution Impedance Manometry Using Novel Viscous and Super-viscous Substrates in the Supine and Upright Positions: A Pilot Study

( Uni Wong ),( Erik B Person ),( Donald O Castell ),( Erik Von Rosenvinge ),( Jean-pierre Raufman ),( Guofeng Xie ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.4

Background/Aims Swallows with viscous or solid boluses in different body positions alter esophageal manometry patterns. Limitations of previous studies include lack of standardized viscous substrates and the need for chewing prior to swallowing solid boluses. We hypothesize that high-resolution impedance manometry (HRiM) using standardized viscous and super-viscous swallows in supine and upright positions improves sensitivity for detecting esophageal motility abnormalities when compared with traditional saline swallows. To establish normative values for these novel substrates, we recruited healthy volunteers and performed HRiM. Methods Standardized viscous and super-viscous substrates were prepared using “Thick-It” food thickener and a rotational viscometer. All swallows were administered in 5-mL increments in both supine and upright positions. HRiM metrics and impedance (bolus transit) were calculated. We used a paired two-tailed t test to compare all metrics by position and substrate. Results The 5-g, 7-g, and 10-g substrates measured 5000, 36 200, and 64 700 mPa·sec, respectively. In 18 volunteers, we observed that the integrated relaxation pressure was lower when upright than when supine for all substrates (P < 0.01). The 10-g substrate significantly increased integrated relaxation pressure when compared to saline in the supine position (P < 0.01). Substrates and positions also affected distal contractile integral, distal latency, and impedance values. Conclusions We examined HRiM values using novel standardized viscous and super-viscous substrates in healthy subjects for both supine and upright positions. We found that viscosity and position affected HRiM Chicago metrics and have potential to increase the sensitivity of esophageal manometry. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:570-576)

Synthesis and Characterization of Isotopically-Labelled Cystenine and Glutathione Conjugates of Methylisocyanate

Han, Deog Hwa,Person, Paul G,Baillie Thomas A. 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1990 약학 논총 Vol.4 No.-

Four isotopically labelled analogs of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl) glutathione(SMG), the glutathione conjugate of methylisocyanate, and three isotopically-labelled derivatives of S-(N-methylcarbamoyl) cysteine (SMC), the corresponding cysteine adduct, have been prepared by reaction of glutathione and cysteine, respectively, with [1-^13C]-, [3-^13C]-, [3-14^C]- or [3, 3, 3-^2H_3]methylisocyanate. The latter species, which served as key intermediates in the syntheses, were obtained either by reaction of [1-^13C]acetylchloride with sodium azide [to give [1-^13C]methylisocyanate), or by reaction of silver cyanate with iodomethane labelled with ^13C, ^14C or deterium (to give the methyl-substituted compounds). Condensation of labelled methylisocyanate with glutathione or cysteine proceeded smoothly and in high yield in aqueous acetonitrile solution, and afforded the target conjugates in high isotopic purity. The structures of the products were confirmed by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry (FAB / MS / MS) and by ^1H- and ^13C-NMR spectroscopy.