저전력 주차 안내 시스템 설계

박주용(Ju-Yong Park),임형규(Hyeong-giu Lim) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2011 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.5 No.1

주차안내 시스템은 주차장에서 주차정보를 제공하여 운전자에게 주차 편리성을 제공한다. 동시에 다수의 센서, 디스플레이와 제어모듈을 이용하여 아주 소량의 전기 에너지 만을 소모한다. 녹색 빌딩 설계의 요구가 점차 증가함에 따라 주차관리 시스템의 운용 전력 감축 문제가 이수화 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 주차 관리 시스템의 감지기와 디스플레이 장치의 설계와 소비전력 감축의 결과를 제시한다. 이 시스템은 무선 Park Tile 과 Park Disk를 사용하여 전력소비를 감축 시키고, 여러 개의 주차공간 감지기와 자동차 카운터, 정보 디스플레이 장치, 안내 터미널과 제어장치로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 시스템 구조설계와 통신망 설계, 주차정보 서비스 시나리오 설계, .배터리 수명 제어, 운영 전력 평가 등이 수행되었다. 주차장당 운영전력은 0.4W로 평가 되었으며, 이는 기존 시스템의 17%정도 이고 매년 유지비는 기존 시스템에 비해 43%에 해당된다. The parking guidance system can increase driver’s convenience with detailed parking information service in the parking lot. At the same time, parking guidance system consumes non-negligible electrical energy with large amount of sensors, displays and control modules. With the increase in the demand for green and sustainable building design all over the world, it becomes a meaningful issue for parking guidance system to reduce operating power. This paper presents the preliminary design and estimated results of a parking guidance system which is optimized to reduce the power consumption mainly on detectors and displays. The system design is based on pre-developed wireless parking detectors, Park Tile and Park Disk. The system has a number of parking space detectors, vehicle count detectors, information displays, guidance terminals and other control units. We have performed system architecture design, communication network design, parking information service scenario planning, battery life regulation and at last operating power estimation. The estimated operating power was 0.4 watt per parking-slot, which is 17% of traditional systems. The estimated annual maintain cost was 43% of traditional systems.

상용차 기반에 대한 주차보조시스템 사용자 감성 평가

전재석(Jaeseok Jeon),박현배(Hyunbae Park),문희석(Heeseok Moon),곽수진(Sujin Kwag) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5

In this paper, we described about evaluation of human sensibility using park assist system of the commercial vehicle. The perpendicular parking and parallel parking have been carried out as a user test and subjects are classified as beginning drivers, drivers with less than 1 year experience and over 3 years experience. As a result, parking duration of beginning drivers and drivers with less than 1 year experience who use automatic parking assistance system is similar to drivers with over 3 years experience. However error occurred according to sensor position and distance between vehicle and parking space. And also it occurred that the vehicle leaves from parking line or does not recognize the parking space. Therefore, if we improve its completeness by compensating problems that came up from this evaluation and distribute the automatic parking assistance system, it is expected that the park assistance system is to help driver providing convenience of parking.

도시공원의 이용후 평가에 기초한 공원의 개발지표 설정 : 부산광역시 암남공원을 사례로 Case Study of Amnam Park in Busan City

박승범,김승환,남정칠,강영조,이기철,김석규 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the prime factors that affect to user postoccupancy evaluation of activities and facilities in urban parks, to classify those factors, to find out factors about them, and then to suggest important indicators in the urban park planning, design, and development. The survey research was done using the self-administered questionnaire method by 435 peoples in the Busan City who participated in recreational activities in the Amnam Park. The Analysis of the data primarily consists of two phase: The first analysis was dealt an exploratory factor analysis which identified major factors involved in user postoccupancy evaluation with reacreational activities and facilities in Amnam Park by the SPSS(Ver.6.0) program and the second analysis was used to investigate the factors affected to user postoccupancy evaluation in the urban park by the Regression Analysis. According to the factor analysis, user postoccupancy evaluation of facilities in urban parks concerning the 20 variables, 5 prime factors by the staistical values were considered. The factor analysis showed that user postoccupancy evaluation of activities in urban parks concerning the 11 variables, 3 prime factors by the staistical values were analysed. Postoccupancy evaluation in the urban park by the Regression Analysis suggested that the two varlables as 'the directions of park development' and 'companies with the personal specific characteristics' are significant in addition to the some variables presented in user postoccupancy evaluation with reacreational activities and facilities in Amnam Park by the factor analysis. Furthomore the analysis models were identified as having significant effects on the factor and regression analysis. Overall fits of both models were very good. These significant relationships indicate important factors and variables that should be considered in planning, design, and development of the urban parks. Therefore, development direction of the h a m park has to be analyzed as significant factors concerning user postoccupancy evaluation in a systematic way, recognized as important variables for planning process. The urban park has to be fully designed and established in the planning process not by the decision-maker's subjective evaluation but by user postoccupancy evaluation.

DJ-1/park7 modulates vasorelaxation and blood pressure via epigenetic modification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Won, Kyung Jong,Jung, Seung Hyo,Jung, Soo Hyun,Lee, Kang Pa,Lee, Hwan Myung,Lee, Dong-Youb,Park, Eun-Seok,Kim, Junghwan,Kim, Bokyung Oxford University Press 2014 Cardiovascular research Vol.101 No.3

<P><B>Aims</B></P><P>DJ-1/park7, a multifunctional protein, may play essential roles in the vascular system. However, the function of DJ-1/park7 in vascular contractility has remained unclear. The present study was designed to investigate whether the DJ-1/park7 is involved in the regulation of vascular contractility and systolic blood pressure (SBP).</P><P><B>Methods and results</B></P><P>Norepinephrine (NE) elevated contraction in endothelium-intact vessels in a dose-dependent manner, to a greater extent in DJ-1/park7 knockout (DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP>) mice than in wild-type (DJ-1/park7<SUP>+/+</SUP>) mice. Acetylcholine inhibited NE-evoked contraction in endothelium-intact vessels, and this was markedly impaired in DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice compared with DJ-1/park7<SUP>+/+</SUP>. Nitric oxide (NO) production (82.1 ± 2.8% of control) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression (61.7 ± 8.9%) were lower, but H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> production (126.4 ± 8.6%) was higher, in endothelial cells from DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice than in those from DJ-1/park7<SUP>+/+</SUP> controls; these effects were reversed by DJ-1/park7-overexpressing endothelial cells from DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-1 recruitment and H3 histone acetylation at the eNOS promoter were elevated and diminished, respectively, in DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice compared with DJ-1/park7<SUP>+/+</SUP> controls. Moreover, SBP was significantly elevated in DJ-1/park7<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice compared with DJ-1/park7<SUP>+/+</SUP> controls, but this elevation was inhibited in mice treated with valproic acid, an inhibitor of Class I HDACs including HDAC-1.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These results demonstrate that DJ-1/park7 protein may be implicated in the regulation of vascular contractility and blood pressure, probably by the impairment of NO production through H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated epigenetic inhibition of eNOS expression.</P>

서구 공원 녹지 배치 계획 이론의 초기 발전 과정과 특성

박구원 ( Koo Won Park ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2006 녹지환경학회지 Vol.2 No.2

In America and Europe from the latter part of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the planning ideologies of park system and greenbelts were made and these planning ideologies are called Green Network System. They are different in terms of the purpose, type and method, but they have common characteristics of encouraging order and amenity in cities based on the consecutive connection of green space, and of coping with the problems happening in cities. Just as the park system was made, centering around new America and greenbelts were developed to meet with the problems happening in large cities, the structural arrangement and the roles of greens should be different. However, this connection system of greens was oriented in the circumstances of America and Europe at that time so it has not been confirmed what sizes of cities it would be useful for. On the other hand, separately from the Green Network System, the theory of park arrangement is being developed. It intends to cope with deterioration of the living environment caused by overcrowded cities and with increase in the demands of public parks. It is based on the neighborhood unit and the science of human settlement. In addition, the theory of park arrangement is based on the effects of greens in use, rather than, in decoration so it encourages dispersion and hierarchical system of parks, having the human settlement as base. Consequently, the theory of park arrangement is influenced by the characteristics and the type of households, and it has a required area and planning unit. However, this theory has the right for walking and human scale as the basic unit so for the large parks that are beyond the human scale, the planning criteria are not clear. The theory of park arrangement, which is based on the neighborhood unit, may be useful for the cities with tens of thousands of residents, but it is partially applied for the cities with 500,000~1,000,000 residents. And further, in organizing the green system for the whole city, the theory of park arrangement can be ignored. As seen in the above, the existing arrangement theory has some problems: it is just for partial application; and it is not suitable for the size and the growing speed of cities. The greens in cities should be operated as the comprehensive system, but greenbelts and park arrangement have been studied separately so far. That`s why it is necessary to review again the existing arrangement theory.

박두진 시인의 유년기와 시력(詩歷)의 상관성 연구

박홍배(Park, Hong-Bae) 한국시학회 2018 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.54

본 연구는 박두진의 유년시절의 의식이 박두진의 성장기는 물론이고 청년기와 장년기, 나아가 노년기에 이르기까지 영향을 미친다는 관점을 보이고 있다. 박두진의 특수한 경험에 해당되는 유년기의 가난은 박두진을 좌절시키기보다는 오히려 박두진의 일생에 걸쳐 박두진을 곧고 강한 인물이 되도록 할 수 있었던 요인이 되었던 것이다. 물론 유년기의 불우했던 환경이 모든 이에게 긍정적인 방향으로 귀결되지는 않았을 것이나 박두진은 이러한 조건에 굴복한 것이 아니라 이를 딛고 자신의 인생을 개척했음을 알 수 있다. 이는 박두진의 강직하고도 자의식 강한 성품을 말해주는바, 본고를 통해 박두진의 유년기의 정신적 풍경을 살펴봄으로써 그의 어떠한 요인이 그의 삶을 바르고 곧은 길로 이끌었는지 확인하고자 하였다. 지독한 가난으로 잦은 이사를 다니면서 동네 아이들로부터 심한 따돌림으로 고통 받아야 했던 박두진에게 산과의 인연은 절대적인 요인으로 다가왔다. 가난의 고통과 텃세로 인해 죽음을 생각할 만큼 열등감에 시달렸던 박두진에게 산은 놀이 공간이자 안식처였고 구원의 지대였다. 또한 산은 박두진에게 하나의 공동체였고 삶의 터전이었다. 박두진은 온갖 생명이 생기가 넘쳐나는 산을 통해 자유와 평등과 사랑으로 공동체를 이루고 살아가는 모습을 보게 되었고 생의 의욕을 다지게 된다. 산을 오르내리면서 얻게 되었던 이러한 체험은 소년 박두진을 좌절로부터 일으켜 세움으로써 그의 이상과 의지와 꿈을 형성하게 한 계기가 되었다. 이는 박두진이 에릭슨이 말한 바 유아 남성성의 단계를 슬기롭게 겪음으로써 ‘유능함’의 삶의 과정을 거치게 되었음을 말해준다. 유년기 산에서의 체험에 힘입어 박두진은 인생의 매 시기 강건하고 올곧은 선택을 할 수 있었고 이는 박두진의 시력의 세 단계로 나타나게 되었다. 그것은 첫째 산에서의 행복했던 체험에 바탕을 둔 초기 자연시와 관련되며 둘째 산에서 발견한 공동체의 모습에 의지하여 중기에 보여주었던 사회참여시와 관련되고, 셋째 산에서 얻게 된 이상적 공간에 대한 감각에 따른 후기의 신앙시와 관련된다. 산에서 외로움과 고통으로부터 벗어날 수 있었던 박두진에게 산은 안식의 공간이었을 뿐만 아니라 이상적인 공동체였으며 바른 삶을 살 수 있도록 하는 안내자였던 것이다. 이는 산에서 겪었던 유년기의 체험이 그의 시력에 결정적인 영향력으로 작용했음을 말해준다. 즉 소년 박두진은 산을 오르내리면서 많은 생각을 하게 되었고 이때 다져진 그의 굳은 의지는 박두진의 가슴에 화석처럼 쌓여 일생 동안 길잡이가 되었던 것이다. 박두진의 초기, 중기, 후기의 시들이 모두 변함없이 일관되게 강직하고도 완전한 형태로 이루어질 수 있었던 것도 이러한 사정에 기인한다. This study shows that Park’s childhood consciousness influences Park’s growing years, youth, and even the first years of life. The childhood poverty, which is equivalent to Park Doo-Jin’s special experience, could have made Park Doo-Jin a straight and strong character over her lifetime rather than let Park Doo-Jin be frustrated. Of course, the poor childhood environment may not have resulted in a positive one for everyone, but Park Doo-Jin overcame these conditions to learn about it. It shows Park’s strong and self-conscious character, and reveals what factors led Park in his life to the mental landscape. For Park Doo-Jin, who had to suffer from severe bullying by local children after moving around a lot due to extreme poverty, the bond with the mountain has become an essential factor. For Park Doo-Jin, who suffered from poverty and inferiority complex that made him think about his death, the mountain was a playground, a haven, and a land of salvation. The mountain was also a community for Park Doo-Jin and a place to live. Park Doo-Jin saw all kinds of lives forming a community of freedom, equality and love through the lively mountain, and he became more passionate about his life. The experience, which was gained from climbing the mountain, helped raise the boy Park Doo-Jin from frustration, forming his ideals, will, and dreams. It tells us that Park Doo-Jin has gone through what Erickson calls the “capable” lifestyle process by going through the smart phase of infant manhood. Thanks to his experiences in the mountain, he was able to make strong, straight choices during each phase of his life, which appeared to be three stages of Park’s vision. First, it is related to the early natural poetry based on the mountain experience, second, it is associated with the social participation in the latter phase of the year, depending on the appearance of the community found. Third, it is related with the latter faithful poetry. For Park Doo-Jin, who was able to escape from loneliness and suffering in the mountain, it was not only a place of rest, but also an ideal community and a guide to a just life. It suggests that his childhood experiences in the mountain served as a decisive factor in his vision. The boy, Park Doo-Jin, came up with many thoughts as he traveled around the mountain, and his strong will was wrapped up in Park’s chest like a fossil, making him a guide throughout his life. It is also due to these circumstances that Park Doo-Jin’s early, mid-and-after and later-the-day poems could all be performed consistently and in a complete form.

Usufruct Rights Conflicts during the Exploitation and Management of Forest Parks in China

Hao Zhang,Bong-woo Park 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2009 Journal of Forest Science Vol.25 No.3

Forest parks are regarded as one of the scientific ways to keep the forest sustainably developed, meanwhile deliver the benefits to the general public. The development of forest parks in China has experienced simply more than 20 years and both the exploitation and management institutions haven’t been set up systematically, which, in reality, reflects as inadequate legislative and policy framework. Without the regulatory guidance and collaborating assistance of environment relating governmental sectors at both national and local levels, it’s inevitable that the development of forest parks in the country would face constant problems and conflicts. Therefore, it might be helpful to sort out this conflicts and problems and further more to work out how to solve the barriers. The research in this report started with introducing the IUCN Protected Areas Categories, the overall current situations in China and compared the definition of forest parks in the country and that in international experience. It is to aim to find out the real usufruct rights conflicts during the exploitation and management of forest parks and the method used in this report is field visit, previous investigation, collecting secondary materials, interview, analysis and comparison. The research result in this report couldn’t cover all the conflict situations during the forest parks’ exploitation and management in China but will provide the analysis of this problem from the legal perspective. Practical application and concerning suggestion will be fully discussed in Part 5 in terms of legislative, social and environmental effects.

공원범죄의 피해방지를 위한 합리적인 방안

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국피해자학회 2012 被害者學硏究 Vol.20 No.2

Before constructing parks, it's necessary to formulate plans in the direction of preventing crimes in advance, and follow-up management must be done after constructing the parks completely. If citizens are reluctant to use the parks because public safety is not guaranteed, the reason for being disappears. If the parks do not protect citizens from crimes, it would rather not exist than do harm to them. Rather, it is good policy. In this respect, the current system must be improved, which has no manual for crime prevention being confined to policy of increasing the number of parks. Through the government's expressing its firm will to secure public safety of parks by enacting clear provisions so that the original good will is not distorted to make resting places for citizens, a recognition that illegal acts which make others anxious are punished necessarily must be instilled into park users while taking a sound rest is protected thoroughly. In addition, the police should do the patrols actively in order to prevent crimes in the parks and try to increase street lamps and security CCTV installation in collaboration with the agencies concerned including gu offices. However, it can be said the most important thing to prevent damage of the crimes in the parks is the very civic consciousness. We should keep it in mind that along with continuous efforts by the police and public organizations, a sense of ownership that 'I am the owner of the park' and mature civic consciousness to ‘care for the park like my house’ will make the parks safe without crimes.

장기미집행 공원 부지를 활용한 주거 개발 방안

박현정(Park, Hyun-Jung),양우현(Yang, Woo-Hyun) 한국주거학회 2018 한국주거학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.30 No.1

The purpose of this investigation is to propose a planning method for the possibility of accepting a housing as a utilization plan of a long term unexecuted park site. Currently, the park has been neglected due to lack of financial resources of the local government. In 2009, It is possible to develop a certain area as a non-park facility under condition that the park is built and donated. In the several cities, various projects for development of parks are being carried out, so the standard for securing the publicness of the park is needed. So, I would like to solve the problems such as social conflict with existing residents due to privatization of the park site and formation of park without considering the conditions of the park, and to study how to effectively utilize the park. To do this, we examine the conditions such as location condition, proximity to public transportation, site size, topography, and contact conditions. And we will present realization methods such as land use, development density, appropriate development method considering landscape, efficient housing type, and type of community facility.

국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크의 현황 및 시장전략에 관한 기초연구

박성식(Park, Seongsik) 한국만화애니메이션학회 2012 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.28

본 연구는 문화콘텐츠 비즈니스의 한 분야인 테마파크 비즈니스와 관련하여, 기존의 대규모 야외 복합 테마파크 중심의 접근에서 벋어나 소규모?소자본 전략의 실내 테마파크를 지향하는 흐름에 주목하고 있다. 기존의 대규모 야외 복합 테마파크가 수천억 원 규모의 자본과 고난이도의 기술력, 최신 운영 노하우 등을 필요로 함으로써 큰 리스크와 함께 높은 신규 진입장벽을 가지고 있는 것에 반해, 최근의 실내 테마파크들은 효율적인 리스크 관리와 탄력적인 시장전략으로 시장진입에 성공하고 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 실내 테마파크들 가운데 새로운 시장인 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 시장의 현황을 살펴보고, 국산 캐릭터의 프로퍼티 가치 확장과 국내 테마파크 시장의 확산이라는 두 가지 확장의 측면에서 이 시장의 시장전략을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 테마파크에 관한 선행연구들을 검토하여 공간적 분류와 테마별 분류, 주 사용자층에 따른 분류 등을 기준으로 국내에 존재하는 테마파크의 유형을 나누어보았다. 또한 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 가운데 수도권 소재 5개소를 직접 방문하여 현황조사를 실시하였고, 수도권 소재 2개소와 지방 4개소는 업체 담당자를 통해 현황자료를 입수하여 분석하였다. 또 올 4월 25일 신규 개관한 ‘디보빌리지’ 청계천점을 방문한 관람객을 대상으로 만족도 조사를 시행하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 현재 국산 캐릭터를 테마로 한 어린이 실내 테마파크 비즈니스의 구조를 분석하고 수행중인 시장전략의 유효성을 분석할 수 있는 토대를 제시하여 보았다. 본 연구를 통하여 테마파크 비즈니스의 틈새시장이라 할 수 있는 실내 테마파크 비즈니스에 대한 체계적이고 심도 있는 논의의 단초를 마련하여 소규모 지역밀착형 실내 테마파크들이 국내 테마파크 산업의 유력한 비즈니스 모델로 연구될 수 있기를 기대한다. 또한 캐릭터 비즈니스의 측면에서도 국산 애니메이션 캐릭터들의 프로퍼티 가치의 공간적?스토리텔링적 확장의 새로운 모델을 정립하는 계기가 될 수 있기를 바란다. Regarding the theme park business as an area of cultural content business, this study focuses on the trend of pursuing indoor theme parks as a small-scale?small capital strategy escaped from the existing approach oriented to large-scale outdoor complex theme parks. It is because although existing large-scale outdoor complex theme parks require the capital with the scale of hundreds of billion won and also high-level technique and the latest operational know-how that they have a great barrier for new entry as well as enormous risk, the rent indoor theme parks succeed in market entry with efficient risk management and flexible market strategies. Thereupon, this study examines the current status of the children’s indoor theme park market with Korean characters as their theme as a new market among the indoor theme parks and also investigates the market strategies of this market in the two aspects of expansion: the expansion of Korean characters’ property value and the expansion of the local theme park market. For that, this article reviewed the advanced researches on theme parks and divided the types of theme parks existing in Korea with the criteria of classification by space and theme or classification by main users. Also, among the children’s indoor theme parks with Korean characters as their theme, this study visited five ones located in the capital area to examine the current status. And about two located in the capital area and also four in the local area, the current data were received from the persons in charge of the companies for analysis. Also, with the subjects of spectators visiting the ‘DIBO VILLAGE, Cheonggye-cheon’ newly opened on April 25th, 2012, the research on satisfaction was conducted for analysis. Through that, this study analyzed the structure of the existing children’s indoor theme park business with Korean characters as their theme and suggested the ground to analyze the effectiveness of market strategies being implemented. It is expected that this study will establish the clues of systematic and profound discussion for the indoor theme park business that can be said to be the niche market of the theme park business and allow the small-scale areal indoor theme parks to be examined as a significant business model for the local theme park industry. In the aspect of character business as well, it is expected that this will give a chance to establish a new model of spatial?storytelling expansion in terms of the property value of Korean animation characters.