Depression and Mania Induce Pro-inflammatory Activation of Macrophages Following Application of Serum from Individuals with Bipolar Disorder

Pamela Ferrari,Mariana Migliorini Parisi,Rafael Colombo,Matheus Becker,Gabriel Fries,Bruna Maria Ascoli,Luiza Paul Géa,Márcia Kauer-Sant’anna,Flávio Kapczinski,Fábio Klamt,Fátima T.C.R. Guma,Adriane R 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.1

Objective: Evidence has suggested that immune imbalance is involved with bipolar disorder (BD); however, its precise mechanism is poorly understood. This study investigated whether biochemical changes in the serum from BD patients could modulate the phenotype of cultured macrophages. Methods: Eighteen subjects with BD and five healthy individuals were included in this study. The human monocyte cell line U-937 was activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and polarization was induced with RPMI-1640 media supplemented with 10% serum from each patient for 24 hours. Gene expression of selected M1 and M2 markers was assessed by quantitative PCR. Results: Macrophages exposed to serum of manic and depressive BD patients displayed an increase of interleukin-1 (6.40±3.47 and 9.04±5.84 vs. 0.23±0.11; p<0.05) and tumor necrosis factor- (2.23±0.91 and 2.03±0.45 vs. 0.62±0.24; p=0.002 and p=0.004, respectively) compared to euthymic group (there was no difference between euthymic and controls). In parallel, U-937 macrophages treated with serum of patients in acute episode displayed a down-regulation of CXCL9 (0.29±0.20 vs. 1.86±1.61; p=0.006) and CXCL10 expression (0.36±0.15 and 0.86±0.24 vs. 1.83±0.88; p<0.000 and p=0.04) compared to the euthymia group. Conclusion: Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that changes in peripheral blood markers could modulate M1/M2 polarization in BD. The evidence of macrophages as source of inflammatory cytokines might be helpful to unravel how the mononuclear phagocyte system is involved in the etiology of BD.

Bohai/Parhae Identity and the Coherence of Dan gur under the Kitan/Liao Empire

Pamela Kyle Crossley(파멜라 카일 크로슬리) 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2016 International Journal of Korean History Vol.21 No.1

요사(遼史)는 926년 요제국이 발해를 멸망시켰으며, 이후 발해민들을 노예상태로 전락시키고, 제국에 재정착시켰다고 기록한다. 근대 고고학은 거란어로 쓰여진 금석학적 자료와 함께 이러한 전개의 몇 부분을 확인했지만, 보다 복잡한 이야기를 제시한다. 아이신 기오로 울라희춘(愛新覺羅 烏拉熙春), 요시모토 미치마사(吉本道雅), 임상선, 사와모토 미츠히로, 그리고 왕샹준은 926년의 요제국의 발해 침략을 둘러싼 정치적 환경과 그 거주민들의 지위를 조명했다. 대부분의 발해민들은 발해 귀족, 군인, 그리고 고위관료들이 지역행정부에서 확고한 역할을 유지하고 있던 그들의 전통적인 영역에 남아있었다. 이 논문은 요제국 행정부 활동, 즉 다가문과 같은 발해의 귀족, 그리고 고모한(高謨翰)과 같은 지식인 계층에 대한 발해의 영향력과 발해 인구변동의 예측치에 주목한다. 이를 통해 기존 대표적인 문헌자료에서 제시되었던 것 보다 중요하다고 할 수 있는 북동지방 정치전통의 전환에 미친 발해의 역할을 제시하고자 한다. 발해민들은 요제국이 침략하여 그들을 외지고 열악한 환경으로 좌초시킨 이후 정체성과 사회적 구조가 파괴된 불행한 존재였다기 보다는, 실제적인 하나의 정치적 연속성이며, 여진족, 궁극적으로는 만주라는 그들의 계승자에 대한 중대한 영향을 미쳤다는 것이다. The Liao shi [Liaoshi] (遼史) suggests that in 926 the Liao empire destroyed the state of Bohai, and afterward forced the Bohai people into servitude and resettlement across the empire. Modern archaeology together with epigraphical sources in the Kitan language confirm some of this narrative, but suggest a far more complicated story. Researches by scholars such as Aisingioro Ulhicun, Yoshimoto Michimasa, Im Sangsŏn, Sawamoto Mitsuhiro and Wang Shanjun have shed new light on the political circumstances of the Liao invasion of Bohai in 926 and the subsequent status of its inhabitants. A majority of the Bohai population remained in their traditional territories, where Bohai aristocrats, soldiers and high-ranking officials retained distinct roles in local administration. This essay looks at Bohai influence upon Liao administrative practices, the status of Bohai aristocrats of the Da lineage and elites such as Gao Mohan, and the probable outlines of Bohai demography to suggest that the Bohai role in transmission of Northeastern political traditions, in particular, may have been much more important than would be suggested on the basis of standard literary resources. Instead of being a doomed people whose identities and social structures evaporated after Liao resettlement policies stranded them in remote and inhospitable surroundings, the Bohai story may actually be one of political continuity and a seminal influence upon their successors, the Jurchens and ultimately the Manchus.

Limitations of Assessing Citizen Engagement through Local Government Social Media Rankings: Implications for Policy and Practice

( Pamela S. Medina ),( Thomas A. Bryer ) 한국정책학회 2019 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.10 No.1

Social media presents a new mechanism for local government to engage citizens and as such, social media adoption by local government has increased at a rapid rate. Systems have been put in place to rank existing social media sites on their capacity to promote effective citizen engagement. This article reviews 2014’s highest ranked city social media sites and provides a re-assessment of the sites to measure not just capacity, but quality of engagement on social media sites. Findings indicate that failure to link outputs to outcomes may present potential problems for cities utilizing ranking systems as benchmarks to mimic performance This emphasizes the importance of considering the local context in policy decisions related to social media adoption.

유럽계 미국인에서 atd각도에 영향을 주는 손바닥 계측치

Pamela Ashmore,Juliann G. Sebastian,김수일(Soo-Il Kim),조근자(Keun-Ja Cho) 대한체질인류학회 2011 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.24 No.1

미국인은 여러 민족과 인종으로 구성되어 있다. 손바닥문은 민족에 따라 다르기 때문에 유럽계 미국인에서 손바닥문의 삼교차점에 의해 형성된 atd각도에 영향을 주는 손바닥 계측치를 파악하고 atd각도를 추정하는 회귀식을 산출해 보고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 자료수집은 미국 미주리대학교의 재학생 중 유럽계 미국인 208명(남자 102명, 여자 106명)을 대상으로 양손의 atd각도, 손바닥너비, 손바닥길이, a-d거리, 먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이를 측정하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS win PC 18.0으로 기술통계, 빈도분석, independent t-test, paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, 단계적 회귀분석(stepwise regression)을 실시하였다. Atd각도는 남자 38.6˚, 여자 40.4˚로 남자가 여자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 작았다. 남자에서 atd각도에 의미있게 영향을 주는 변수는 a-d거리(β=.774), 먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이: 손바닥길이비(β=.665), 손바닥길이(β=-.384)였다. 한편, 여자에서 atd각도에 의미있게 영향을 주는 변수는 먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이: 손바닥길이비(β=.689), a-d거리 : 손바닥너비비(β=.643), 손바닥너비 : 손바닥길이비(β=.346)이었다. 또한 atd각도 회귀식은 다음과 같이 산출되었다. 남자의 atd각도는 26.150+(0.741×a-d거리)+(52.856×먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이: 손바닥길이비)-(0.332×손바닥길이)이었고, 여자의 atd각도는 -42.935+(51.657×먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이: 손바닥길이비)+(63.314×a-d거리: 손바닥너비비)+(42.764×손바닥너비: 손바닥길이비)이었다. 따라서, 유럽계 미국인에서 atd각도에 영향을 주는 손바닥 계측치는 남녀 차이가 있으며, 특히 먼쪽손목주름에서 t점까지 길이 : 손바닥길이비는 남녀 모두에게 매우 중요한 영향을 주는 계측치라고 할 수 있을 것이다. American population consists of people of various race and ethnic group. Palm prints are different from each individual, ethnic group and race. The aim of this study is to investigate influencing anthropometric values to atd angles formed by triradii of palm prints in European American and develop a regression equation that can predict atd angle. This study was done on 208 European American (males: 102 individuals, females: 106 individuals). Data were collected by measuring atd angles using a protractor, distance from triradii a to d, length from triradius t to the distal wrist crease (DWC), palm breadth at metacarpals and palm length perpendicular using digital callipers. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the frequency, independent sample t-test, paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, stepwise regression using SPSS win 18.0. This study showed that atd angles of males (38.6˚) are significantly smaller than those of females (40.4˚). Influencing anthropometric values to atd angles in males were distance from triradii a to d, the ratio of the length from triradius t to the DWC to palm length, palm length. Influencing anthropometric values to atd angles in females were the ratio of the length from triradius t to the DWC to palm length, the ratio of the distance from triradii a to d to palm breadth, and the ratio of palm breadth to palm length. In addition to, the regression equation predicted atd angle of males was 26.150+(0.741×distance from triradii a to d)+(52.856×the ratio of the length from triradius t to the DWC to palm length)-(0.332×palm length), on the other hand, that of females was -42.935+ (51.657×the ratio of the length from triradius t to the DWC to palm length)+(63.314×the ratio of the distance from triradii a to d to palm breadth)+(42.764×the ratio of palm breadth to palm length). The results of this study suggest that there were differences in influencing anthropometric values to atd angles between males and females in European American. Especially, the ratio of the length from triradius t to DWC to palm length was a very significantly influencing anthropometric value to atd angles to all of males and females.

Radiology Consultation in the Era of Precision Oncology: A Review of Consultation Models and Services in the Tertiary Setting

Pamela J. DiPiro,Katherine M. Krajewski,Angela A. Giardino,Marta Braschi-Amirfarzan,Nikhil H. Ramaiya 대한영상의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of the article is to describe the various radiology consultation models in the Era of Precision Medicine. Since the inception of our specialty, radiologists have served as consultants to physicians of various disciplines. A variety of radiology consultation services have been described in the literature, including clinical decision support, patient-centric, subspecialty interpretation, and/or some combination of these. In oncology care in particular, case complexity often merits open dialogue with clinical providers. To explore the utility and impact of radiology consultation services in the academic setting, this article will further describe existing consultation models and the circumstances that precipitated their development. The hybrid model successful at our tertiary cancer center is discussed. In addition, the contributions of a consultant radiologist in breast cancer care are reviewed as the archetype of radiology consultation services provided to oncology practitioners.

Music Key identification using Chroma features and Discrete Hidden Markov Model

Pamela Kanyange,Bong-Kee Sin 한국정보과학회 2016 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.12

Phenotypic and Cell Wall Proteomic Characterization of a DDR48 Mutant Candida albicans Strain

( Pamela El Khoury ),( Carell Salameh ),( Samer Younes ),( Andy Awad ),( Yana Said ),( Roy A. Khalaf ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.11

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus possessing multiple virulence factors controlling pathogenicity. Cell wall proteins are the most important among these factors, being the first elements contacting the host. Ddr48 is a cell wall protein consisting of 212 amino acids. A DDR48 haploinsufficient mutant strain was previously found necessary for proper oxidative stress response and drug resistance. In this study, we aimed to further elucidate the role of Ddr48 by performing additional phenotypic characterization assays. A combinatory proteomic and bioinformatics approach was also undertaken to determine differentially expressed cell wall proteins. Results showed that the mutant strain exhibited a 10% decrease in adhesion mirrored by a 20% decrease in biofilm formation, and slight sensitivity to menadione, diamide, and SDS. Both strains showed similar hyphae formation, virulence, temperature tolerance, and calcofluor white and Congo red sensitivities. Furthermore, a total of 8 and 10 proteins were identified exclusively in the wild-type strain grown under filamentous and nonfilamentous conditions respectively. Results included proteins responsible for superoxide stress resistance (Sod4 and Sod6), adhesion (Als3, Hyr4, Pmt1, and Utr2), biofilm formation (Hsp90, Ece1, Rim9, Ipp1, and Pra1) and cell wall integrity (Utr2 and Pga4). The lack of detection of these proteins in the mutant strain correlates with the observed phenotypes.

Prognostic Implication of Focal Breast Edema on Preoperative Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Patients

Pamela Sung,이종윤,천종호,최인실,박진현,박정환,김병혁,오소희,추아정,황기태 한국유방암학회 2023 Journal of breast cancer Vol.26 No.5

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the prognostic implications of focal breast edema on preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Data of 899 patients with breast cancer at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into an edema-positive group (EPG) and an edema-negative group (ENG) based on the presence of peritumoral, prepectoral, or subcutaneous edema. Two radiologists evaluated the presence or absence of focal edema and its subtypes on preoperative breast MRI. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups and among the three subtypes using Pearson’s χ2 test, Kaplan–Meier estimator, and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: There were 399 (44.4%) and 500 (55.6%) patients in the EPG and ENG, respectively. The EPG showed significantly higher rates of axillary lymph node metastasis (55.6% vs. 19.2%, p < 0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (57.9% vs. 12.6%, p < 0.001) than the ENG. Patients in the EPG showed significantly worse overall survival (OS) rate (log-rank p < 0.001; hazard ratio [HR], 4.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.56–9.11) and recurrence-free survival rate (log-rank p < 0.001; HR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.94–4.63) than those in the ENG. After adjusting for other variables, focal breast edema remained a significant factor affecting the OS rate, regardless of the edema type. Specifically, the presence of subcutaneous edema emerged as the strongest predictor for OS with the highest HR (p < 0.001; HR, 9.10; 95% CI, 3.05–27.15). Conclusion: Focal breast edema on preoperative breast MRI implies a higher possibility of LVI and axillary lymph node metastasis, which can lead to a poor prognosis. A detailed description of focal breast edema, especially subcutaneous edema, on preoperative breast MRI may provide prognostic predictions. More intensive surveillance is required for patients with breast cancer and focal preoperative breast edema.

Inhibition of Nonenzymatic Protein Glycation by Pomegranate and Other Fruit Juices

Pamela Garner Dorsey,Phillip Greenspan 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.4

The nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts in diabetes leads to the crosslinking of proteins and disease complications. Our study sought to demonstrate the effect of commonly consumed juices (pomegranate, cranberry, black cherry, pineapple, apple, and Concord grape) on the fructose-mediated glycation of albumin. Albumin glycation decreased by 98% in the presence of 10 lL of pomegranate juice/mL; other juices inhibited glycation by only 20%. Pomegranate juice produced the greatest inhibition on protein glycation when incubated at both the same phenolic concentration and the same antioxidant potential. Both punicalagin and ellagic acid significantly inhibited the glycation of albumin by *90% at 5 lg/mL. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that pomegranate, but not apple juice, protected albumin from modification. These results demonstrate that pomegranate juice and two of its major constituents are potent inhibitors of fructose-mediated protein glycation.

The Early Childhood Education Workforce in Europe Between Divergencies and Emergencies

Pamela Oberhuemer 육아정책연구소 2011 International Journal of Child Care and Education Vol.5 No.1

Across and beyond Europe, demographic, social and economic pressures both at the macro and the micro level are impacting on the work contexts of early childhood educators. Alongside heightened drives towards expansion and increasing regulation of the field, expectations are intensifying. Additionally, goals and targets for higher education and vocational education at the European policy level are generating restructurings of the national qualification systems for work in the early childhood field. In this dynamic context of change the SEEPRO (Early Education/care and Professionalisation in Europe) study, based at the State Institute of Early Childhood Research in Munich and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Family and Youth Affairs, set out to map the qualification requirements and workplace settings of early years practitioners in their country-specific context. Similarities and differences across the 27 countries of the European Union were documented and analysed. The findings of the study show considerable divergencies across Europe in terms of formal education and training requirements and the desired professional profiles for working with young children. Against this background of diversity, similarities in terms of workforce emergencies and challenges have also emerged: one is a common lack of truly flexible and inclusive pathways linked to formal professional recognition and status for all practitioners in the field; another is the continuing need to seek more effective ways of including men in the early childhood workforce.